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BioMed Research International
Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Protective Immunity Based on the Conserved Hemagglutinin Stalk Domain and Its Prospects for Universal Influenza Vaccine Development

Authors: Madhu Khanna; Sachin Sharma; Binod Kumar; Roopali Rajput;

Protective Immunity Based on the Conserved Hemagglutinin Stalk Domain and Its Prospects for Universal Influenza Vaccine Development

Abstract

Influenza virus surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) is an excellent and chief target thatelicitsneutralizing antibodies during vaccination or natural infection. Its HA2 subunit (stem domain) is most conserved as compared to HA1 subunit (globular head domain). Current influenza vaccine relies on globular head domain that provides protection only against the homologous vaccine strains, rarely provides cross-protection against divergent strains, and needs to be updated annually. There is an urge for a truly universal vaccine that provides broad cross-protection against different subtype influenza A viruses along with influenza B viruses and need not be updated annually. Antibodies against the stem domain of hemagglutinin (HA) are able to neutralize a wide spectrum of influenza virus strains and subtypes. These stem-specific antibodies have great potential for the development of universal vaccine against influenza viruses. In this review, we have discussed the stem-specific cross-reactive antibodies and heterosubtypic protection provided by them. We have also discussed their epitope-based DNA vaccine and their future prospects in this scenario.

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Subjects by Vocabulary

Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Influenza vaccine Hemagglutinin (influenza) H5N1 genetic structure Virus Antigenic drift Epitope Microbiology DNA vaccination biology Virology Vaccination biology.protein

Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Medicine lcsh:R

Keywords

Review Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Influenza, Human, Vaccines, DNA, Animals, Humans, Conserved Sequence, General Immunology and Microbiology, Immunity, General Medicine, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Hemagglutinins, Influenza Vaccines

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    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
43
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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