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  • Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gomes,Igor; Margalho, Élida Melo; Alcântara, Amanda; Rocha Segundo, Iran Gomes da; +3 Authors

    Currently, air pollution is a matter of great relevance due to its significant impact on human health. Semiconductor photocatalysis technology, known for its high efficiency and low environmental degradation, is considered a highly promising means to improve air quality. Asphalt pavements are commonly used in urban areas with high population concentrations. During the production cycle of these pavements, various air pollutants are emitted, primarily due to the high temperatures required for asphalt pavement. Photocatalysis using the semiconductor TiO2 has the capacity to degrade atmospheric NO under sunlight, which has sparked significant interest in photocatalysis technology and its applications.The bandgap, enduring physicochemical properties of the element, and its nontoxicity, along with its NO degradation capabilities, make TiO2 a highly viable option for photocatalysis. This study aims to elucidate how air quality is controlled through passive sampling for the quantification of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere. Through this technique, it is possible to quantify the level of pollutants, in this case, NO2, present in the atmosphere at a selected location over a certain period of time. MicroCoolPav EXPL/EQU-EQU/1110/2021, UIDB/04650/2020, UIDB/04029/2020, 2022.00763.CEECIND and 2023.02795.BD. Also, it was funded by FUNCAP: MLC-0191-00144.01.00/22 and CNPq: 404978/2021-5 – Chamada CNPq/MCTI/FNDCT Nº 18/2021.

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
    Other literature type . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
      Other literature type . 2023
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    Authors: Moura, Pedro Emanuel Carvalho;

    Este trabalho teve como objetivos principais identificar, caracterizar e sustentar a valorização de locais de interesse geomorfológico do setor setentrional da Zona de Ossa Morena. Para a caracterização dos locais identificados, este trabalho inclui uma síntese do estado da arte dos temas da estratigrafia, magmatismo e geomorfologia da Zona de Ossa Morena. A Zona de Ossa Morena apresenta grande diversidade geológica, ocupando, em Portugal, uma parte significativa do Alentejo e prolongando-se para Espanha para as regiões da Extremadura e Andaluzia. Foram identificados oito locais de interesse geomorfológico, nomeadamente: Senhora da Penha-Crista de Fortios (Portalegre), Colina de Alter Pedroso, Barra Quartzítica da Serra das Penas (Cabeço de Vide), Castelo de Estremoz, Pego do Sino-Ribeira de Tera (Estremoz), Degrau Morfológico da Juromenha, Relevos do Ciborro-Aldeia da Serra (Arraiolos) e Alto de São Bento (Évora). Neste trabalho apresenta-se a caracterização de cada um dos locais em epígrafe de modo a expor o seu valor científico, educativo e turístico incluindo-se, sempre que relevante, o seu contexto/valor histórico. Estes locais foram selecionados de forma a incluir diversas formas de relevo que se relacionam com os aspetos litológicos e os processos de evolução tectónica e climática. O presente trabalho pretende sustentar trabalhos futuros que visem a valorização do território e do património geológico regional através da elaboração de painéis explicativos, a construção de estruturas que permitam sua acessibilidade, a divulgação dos pontos identificados através da Internet ou campanhas locais (ex. panfletos específicos) ou a elaboração de roteiros temáticos que permitam visitar e conhecer todos os locais de forma fácil e rápida. The main aim of this thesis is to identify, characterize and sustain the valorization of geomorphological interest sites in the northernmost sector of the Ossa Morena Zone. For the characterization of the identified sites, this work includes a synthesis of the state of the art of the stratigraphy, magmatism and geomorphology themes of the Ossa Morena Zone. The Ossa Morena Zone presents great geological diversity, occupying, in Portugal, a significant part of the Alentejo and extends up into Spain to Extremadura and Andalusia regions. Throughout the work eight sites of geomorphological interest were identified, namely: Senhora da Penha - Crista de Fortios (Portalegre), Colina de Alter Pedroso, Quartzite Bar of Serra das Penas (Cabeço de Vide), Estremoz Castle, Pego do Sino - Ribeira de Tera (Estremoz), Morphological Step of Juromenha, Reliefs of Ciborro-Aldeia da Serra (Arraiolos) and Alto de São Bento (Évora). This work characterizes those sites in order to understand their scientific, educational and touristic value, including, whenever relevant, their historical value. These sites were selected to include several relief forms related to lithological, tectonic and climatic evolution processes. The present work can support future work aimed the regional and geological heritage valorization through the development of explanatory panels, the construction of structures that allow easy accessibility, the dissemination of the identified points through the Internet or local campaigns (e.g. specific flyers) and the development of a thematic roadmap that allows visiting and knowing all the sites easily and quickly. Por último, agradeço ao Instituto de Ciências da Terra pelo apoio financeiro ao trabalho através da FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito dos projectos Refªs UIDB/04683/2020 e UIDP/04683/2020. Dissertação de mestrado em Geociências (especialização em Património Geológico e Geoconservação)

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
    Other literature type . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    Authors: Lima, Joana Filipa Neto Costa;

    The present MSc Dissertation entitled “Planetary Surfaces Evolution: Mars – Dynamic Planet” comprises the historical period from the Luna 2 mission in 1959 up to the present day, of the study the surfaces of other celestial bodies beyond Earth. Spanning over sixty years and using a vast array of analytical techniques and exploration methods we from almost absolute obscurity about the processes behind the transformation of different types of planetary surfaces, to the ability to not only identify them, but also predict them, while using our laboratories and the study of Earth analogues to replicate and better understand these phenomena and thus allow significant scientific breakthroughs allowing the birth an evolution of a new field of science, Planetary Geology. This dissertation work allows a global view of the Martian surface, its evolution and the processes responsible for the present geomorphology and geochemistry. The locations selected for the present work were specifically chosen, in conjunction with their Earth analogue counterpart, thus demonstrating the uniformitarism of the processes at work on both planets and how to interpret the information arriving from other celestial bodies beyond Earth. In order to allow a better understanding of the long path that took us to the moment when a rover weighing over a tonne, and a tiny autonomous helicopter drone touch martian soil, the present work was divided into four main chapters: the first is completely dedicated to the Founding Fathers of Aeronautics, including a short historical review of space missions that contributed for planetary exploration and monitoring the evolution of planetary surfaces; the second chapter approaches the formation and evolution of our Solar System and the diversification of planetary surfaces; the third chapter is the central part of this dissertation work, in which imagery obtained by NASA’s orbiter – Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is analyzed, by studying its geomorphological (using HiRISE) and geochemical context (using CRISM), using analogue studies of locations on planet Earth. The future of planetary sciences, will be ever more challenging, aided by increasingly complex missions until we reach the moment when crewed missions can once again step into new worlds. As we witness this new space race unfold, we will see more frontiers being broken and conquered, facilitating ever more detailed information (and eventually access to samples), allowing us to understand where we come from and where are we headed, as a species, as inhabitants of the vast Universe. O presente trabalho de Dissertação de Mestrado, com o título “ Evolução de Superfícies Planetárias: Marte – Planeta Dinâmica” abrange o período histórico desde a missão Luna 2 em 1959 até ao presente, de estudo de superfícies de outros corpos celestes para além da Terra. Em 60 anos e recorrendo a variadas técnicas de análise, estudo e exploração a Humanidade passou do quase desconhecimento quanto aos processos responsáveis pela modelação e transformação de variadas superfícies planetárias para a capacidade de além de os identificar, ser capaz de os prever e em laboratório ou com visitas a locais análogos no nossos próprio planeta replicar esses mesmos processos e dessa forma poder ajudar ao avanço científico do campo científico da Geologia Planetária. Este trabalho pretende dar uma visão global da superfície do planeta Marte, da sua evolução e dos processos responsáveis pela presente geomorfologia e geoquímica. Foram escolhidos locais específicos de Marte, procurando análogos terrestres, demonstrando assim o uniformitarismo dos processos de modelação em distintas superfícies planetárias. Para ajudar à compreensão do largo caminho percorrido, até ao momento em que um rover de cerca de uma tonelada de peso e um pequeno helicóptero autónomos tocam o solo marciano, este trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos: o primeiro é completamente dedicada aos Pais Fundadores da Aeronáutica, e a uma pequena revisão histórica da exploração planetária e monitorização da evolução de superfícies planetárias; o segundo aborda a formação e a evolução do nosso Sistema Solar e a diversificação das superfícies planetárias e o terceiro é a parte central deste trabalho, na qual analisamos imagens obtidas pelo orbitador da NASA - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), estudando o seu contexto geomorfológico (recorrendo ao HiRISE) e geoquímico (recorrendo ao CRISM), fazendo analogias com locais terrestres. O futuro das ciências planetárias, passará por missões cada vez mais complexas abrindo lentamente caminho para missões tripuladas. À medida que esta nova corrida espacial evolui, poderemos observar a conquistada e derrube de cada vez mais barreiras e fronteiras, facilitando informação (e acesso a amostras) cada vez mais detalhada, ajudando a perceber donde vimos e para onde vamos enquanto espécie, enquanto habitantes do vasto Universo. Dissertação de mestrado em Geociências (especialização em Dinâmica Externa e Mudanças Globais)

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
    Other literature type . 2022
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    Authors: Fonseca, P. A. R. F. D.; Gomes, M. E. P.; Antunes, Isabel Margarida Horta Ribeiro;

    Em Portugal, a exploração mineira de volfrâmio (W) teve, na primeira metade do Secúlo XX, um aumento significativo tanto a nível das quantidades extraídas como do preço de mercado, devido à crescente mecanização na indústria e transportes na europa, mas principalmente devido à II Guerra Mundial. Numa tentativa de responder à procura, foi permitida e desenvolvida a exploração maciça deste metal, descurando as implicações ambientais nos locais das explorações mineiras e na saúde humana da população local. As minas de W>Sn de Murçós representam uma dessas explorações, cujo passivo ambiental após a intervenção de remediação por parte da Empresa de Desenvolvimento Mineiro, no período entre 2005-2007, continua a revelar quantidades apreciáveis de elementos potencialmente tóxicos nos solos e nas águas, alterando o equilíbrio do meio ambiente envolvente e representando um perigo para a saúde humana de todos que com ela interagem. Uma das formas de tornar o local sustentável, a nível ambiental, económico e social, consiste em fechar o ciclo dos elementos, transformando estes resíduos em produtos que subtraiam do ambiente os elementos nocivos, sustentem economicamente a região e tornem a sociedade mais eficaz. Para cumprir este objectivo, a simbiose entre ecologia, economia e sociedade será uma realidade. In Portugal, during the first half of XX Century, the W-mining exploitation had a significant increase of extracted quantities and market price, due to the industry mechanization increase and transport in Europe, but mainly due to the II World War. To respond to the demand, the massive exploitation of this metal was allowed and developed, neglecting the implications inflicted on the environment associated to the mining explorations and in the local human health. The Murçós mine is one of those exploitations where environmental liabilities, after the remediation intervention by EDM between 2005-2007, continues to reveal significant contents of potentially toxic elements in soils and waters, altering the balance of the surrounding environment and representing a danger to human health. One way to make the site economically and socially sustainable is to close the elements cycle by transforming these wastes into products that remove harmful elements from the environment, sustain economically the region and make society more effective. To achieve this, the symbiosis between ecology, economy and society will be a reality. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Ribeiro, Paulo; Mendes, José F. G.;

    No âmbito da aplicação dos fundos europeus estruturais e de investimento no período de programação 2014-2020 torna-se necessário, na temática da mobilidade, dar cumprimento ao seguinte Objetivo Temático ?Apoiar a transição para uma economia de baixo teor de carbono em todos os sectores?, que estabelece, entre outras, a Prioridade de Investimento 4.5, que visa a promoção de estratégias de baixo teor de carbono para todos os tipos de territórios, nomeadamente as zonas urbanas, incluindo a promoção da mobilidade urbana multimodal sustentável e eficiente. Da análise da metodologia existente para quantificar o volume de emissões do setor dos transportes utilizado pela Direção Geral de Energia e Geologia é possível concluir que a determinação desses valores não permite definir estratégias que visem a redução das emissões neste setor. Deste modo, a metodologia desenvolvida permitirá estimar o valor correspondente a um número de viagens de transporte motorizados para um determinado volume de emissões de GEE (tonCO2) e assim definir o quadro da repartição modal mais eficiente para os padrões de mobilidade urbana a atingir por um, ou vários, municípios de uma região. Assim, neste artigo será apresentada uma metodologia que vise estimar a diminuição do número de viagens em transporte individual, que possam ser transferidas para modos de transporte mais eficientes e menos poluentes, como o autocarro e os modos ativos, de modo a que se possa atingir o valor meta de CO2 para 2023. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Ribeiro, Juliana Filipa Santos;

    O presente estudo visou analisar e compreender o impacto da formação em contexto organizacional, tendo por base o clima e a cultura da instituição, bem como os atores sociais que nela estão envolvidos. Embora se privilegie a análise da influência das práticas formativas sobre a cultura e o clima da organização, procurou-se, sempre que possível, abordar o percurso inverso, no sentido de captar as articulações entre as duas problemáticas. Além disso, também foi objetivo avaliar a necessidade de criação de um Knowledge Center. Assim, tendo como referência os objetivos gerais, adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa, apesar de nos socorrermos de uma técnica de índole quantitativa, sendo que o objetivo foi obter respostas da forma como cada sujeito perspetiva a realidade. Seguimos a metodologia de Richardson (1989), cujo primeiro passo é escolher as variáveis mais importantes e que consigam dar resposta aos objetivos mais complexos de um estudo. O estudo realizou-se numa organização empresarial, nomeadamente a Eurico Ferreira, na qual foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, 210 questionários a colaboradores de diferentes departamentos, tendo-se obtido 93 respostas (44%). Além do questionário, este estudo foi complementado com duas outras técnicas: a análise documental e a observação. Foi possível constatar que a cultura predominante na Eurico Ferreira é a cultura integradora que se centra na partilha de saberes e conhecimentos, tendo-se concluído que a formação contribui para adquirir uma maior consciência sobre a estratégia da organização, refletindo-se no posto de trabalho de cada indivíduo. Por fim, verificou-se ser de extrema relevância a adequação dos procedimentos formativos à organização, de forma a que tenham um impacto positivo no clima e na cultura da mesma. The aim of the current study is to analyse and perceive the impact of formation in the organizational context, based in atmosphere and culture of the chosen organization and its social actors. Although we privilege the influence of formative practices on organization culture and atmosphere, it is also possible to do the opposite in order to relate both issues. Besides, another goal was to evaluate the need of creation of the Knowledge Center. According to our global objectives, we assumed a qualitative approach, although using a quantitative technique, in which the objective is to get the answers about people’s reality perspectives. We follow Richardson’s methodology (1989) who’s says that the first step is to choose the most important variables, which can give an answer to most complex goals of a study. This study was conducted in an business organization called Eurico Ferreira, in which we randomly distributed 210 questionnaires applied to different departments workers. We obtained 93 answers (44%). Besides the questionnaire, this study used two other techniques: documental analysis and observation. We observed that the prevailing culture was the integrative culture that consists of sharing knowledge. Besides, we concluded that the formation contributes to get more consciousness about company’s strategy which reflects in each persons’ workstation. Finally, it was found that it is very important to adequate the formation procedures to the organization, so that it can have a positive impact on the atmosphere and culture. Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação (área de especialização em Formação, Trabalho e Recursos Humanos)

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    Authors: Alves, C.;

    No presente trabalho são discutidos alguns dos prin cipais pontos da relação entre os estudos geológicos e o património cultural em pedra natural (no sentido de objeto rochoso), organizados segundo quatro linhas principais: significado cultu ral (do material rochoso e não do objeto elaborado), avaliação dos materiais (em termos de s uscetibilidade aos processo de alteração e por comparação com os ensaios laboratoriais), estratégi a de intervenção (baseada na caracterização dos problemas) e divulgação (formal e informal, inc luindo o aproveitamento turístico) de conceitos geológicos (incluindo objetos e processos). In this paper are discussed some of the main issues of the relation between geological studies and cultural heritage in natural stone (in the sense of objects made from rocks), organized along four main lines: cultural significance (of the stone mat erial and not of the cultural object), evaluation o f materials (in terms of susceptibility to decay proc esses and in comparison with laboratory tests), intervention strategy (in relation to the character ization of the problems) and divulgation (formal and informal, including touristic valorisation) of geol ogical concepts (including objects and processes). Projeto Lab2PT- Laboratório de Paisagens, Património e Território - AUR/04509 que tem o apoio financeiro da FCT/MCTES através de fundos nacionais (PIDDAC) e o cofinanciamento do Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), refª POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007528, no âmbito do novo acordo de parceria PT2020 através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Pimenta, Carlos Daniel Costa;

    As crises energética e ambiental, com as quais a arquitetura e a construção contemporâneas se confrontam, fizeram aumentar, nos últimos anos, o interesse pelas estratégias de controlo natural e passivo das condições de conforto da arquitetura tradicional. A arquitetura vernácula apresenta técnicas construtivas simples, desenvolvidas de forma empírica ao longo de gerações, marcadas pela estreita relação com as condições locais do meio em que se insere (clima, recursos, cultura, etc.). Em Portugal, a arquitetura vernácula carece ainda de um vasto trabalho de campo que comprove cientificamente a veracidade das diversas estratégias e potencialidades deste tipo de arquitetura. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar in-situ o comportamento e as condições de conforto de um edifício tradicional português, da região da Beira Alta. As principais estratégias passivas utilizadas na arquitetura vernacular beirã são as varandas envidraçadas. Os indicadores de conforto analisados foram o ambiente térmico, a iluminação e a qualidade do ar interior. A metodologia de ensaio baseou-se em trabalho campo composta por avaliações subjetivas do nível de conforto dos ocupantes e avaliações objetivas dos parâmetros físicos do edifício. Os parâmetros monitorizados foram a temperatura e a humidade relativa do ar, a iluminância e a concentração de CO2. O período de monitorização estendeu-se pelas estações climáticas de primavera e de verão, entre os dias 5 de junho e 10 de setembro do ano 2014. Os resultados deste estudo permitem constatar que, através de meios passivos, é possível assegurar as condições de conforto térmico, visual e de qualidade do ar no interior do edifício, na maior parte dos espaços interiores. Este estudo permitiu também concluir que os ocupantes têm a capacidade de adaptar o ambiente interior às suas condições de conforto ideais. The energetic and environmental crises, with which the contemporary architecture and construction are facing, have increased, in recent years, the interest in the natural and passive strategies to control the comfort conditions in buildings. The vernacular architecture features simple construction techniques, developed empirically over generations, marked by close relationship with the local conditions of the environment in which it operates (climate, resources, culture, etc.). In Portugal, the vernacular architecture still needs to be studied in an approach that scientifically proves the veracity of the various passive strategies and potentialities of this type of architecture. In this context, the present work aims at evaluating the in-situ thermal performance and the comfort conditions of a traditional Portuguese building in the Beira Alta region. The main passive strategies used in the vernacular architecture of Beira Alta are the glazed balconies. The analyzed comfort indicators were the hydrothermal environment, natural lighting and indoor air quality. The methodology was based on subjective assessments of the comfort level and objective assessments of the physical parameters of the building. The monitored parameters were the air temperature, relative humidity, the illuminance levels and the CO2 concentration. The monitoring period was extended by the seasons of spring and summer, between June 5th and September 10th of 2014. The results of this study allowed concluding that through the passive design principles it was possible to guarantee comfort conditions for the thermal, visual and air quality parameters inside the building, during most of the monitored period. Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

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    Authors: Lima, José Evaristo Lopes;

    A hidroponia é um método de cultivo onde as plantas crescem sem solo, que usa apenas uma solução baseada em nutrientes para alimentar as plantas. (Saaid, et al., 2013) As produções agrícolas são afetadas por diversos fenómenos meteorológicos, em particular, no caso da hidroponia para além desses fatores existem outros ligados à solução nutritiva que interferem no crescimento das plantas. Neste trabalho, é feita a monitorização da solução nutritiva e também da temperatura, humidade e luminosidade através de uma rede de sensores sem fios. O sistema é destinado ao interior de uma estufa e disponibiliza informação em tempo real, sobre as variáveis recolhidas, ao agricultor a partir de um computador. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho consiste em fazer um levantamento das necessidades na cultura por hidroponia, seguidamente fazer um estudo de mercado sobre componentes eletrónicos – sensores e por fim desenvolver todo o sistema, software e hardware. Hydroponic method of growing plants is based on a mineral nutrient solution (in water) without soil. There are several weather phenomena which affect the crop yields and, on this particular case of hydroponics crop, there are other factors that interfere with the plants’ growth such as nutrient solution. (Saaid, et al., 2013) Therefore, in this work is made the nutrient solution monitoring and also the temperature, humidity and luminosity monitoring by a wireless sensor network. The system is conceived for the insides of a greenhouse and it provides to the farmer real time information on the collected variables from a computer. The methodology in this project consists in doing a statement of requirements in hydroponics culture, a research and market study about electronic components (like sensors) and, in the end, develop a system. Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Mecatrónica

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    Authors: Carneiro, L. P.;

    A poluição atmosférica é o efeito provocado por diferentes elementos sólidos, líquidos, ou gases, provenientes sobretudo da atividade do Homem. Os problemas mais graves de contaminação do ar surgem nas cidades e em áreas com um grande nível de industrialização, embora estes problemas estejam cada vez mais generalizados, facto que merece a nossa preocupação. Uma das soluções apontadas, para controlar a poluição foi, a criação de normas e legislação que visam controlar as emissões gasosas provenientes de fontes fixas. Estas normas aprovam os requisitos necessários para uma monitorização, os princípios de amostragem para emissões atmosféricas e os métodos de medição para determinação dos poluentes emitidos. A legislação tem como objetivo reduzir e controlar quer os níveis de concentração de poluentes na atmosfera, quer as emissões atmosféricas de certos poluentes, com origem em fontes fixas. Neste trabalho foram realizadas diversas amostragens por via húmida e respetiva análise em laboratório de poluentes como HCl, HF, SO2, H2S e partículas totais em suspensão (PTS), respeitando as normas implementadas. Foi também aplicado neste trabalho, a norma CEN/TS 14793, para estudar a equivalência dos resultados obtidos por métodos alternativos (AM) com os obtidos por métodos de referência (SRM), ambos implementados para determinar a mesma mensuranda. Estes estudos, de medições de emissões gasosas, foram efetuados recorrendo a equipamentos de medição automática com a utilização de técnicas diferentes, para os gases CO, NOx, SO2 e O2. Pretendeuse verificar a equivalência dos métodos AM a métodos SRM na determinação de poluentes em condições reais, provenientes de fontes fixas. Para este estudo foram analisados poluentes nas seguintes fontes: uma cogeração, duas caldeiras e um carro. O combustível usado nas duas primeiras fontes foi o gás-natural e para as duas finais o diesel. A análise e tratamento dos dados recolhidos, mostrou a não equivalência entre métodos AM e SRM. Air pollution is the effect caused by different solids and liquids elements, or gases, mainly from human activity. The most serious problems of air pollution arise in cities and in areas with a high level of industrialization, although these problems are increasingly widespread, a fact that deserves our concern. One of the solutions suggested, to control pollution was, the creation of standards and laws that aim to control gaseous emissions from stationary sources. These standards approve the necessary requirements for monitoring, the principles of sampling for atmospheric emissions and the measurement methods for determination of pollutants emitted. The legislation aims to reduce and control both the concentration levels of pollutants in the atmosphere or atmospheric emissions of certain pollutants, originating from stationary sources. In this work several by wet samplings were performed and respective laboratory analysis of pollutants such as HCl, HF, SO2, H2S and PTS, respecting implemented rules. It was also applied in this work, the standard CEN/TS 14793, to study the equivalence results of the obtained by alternative methods (AM) with those obtained by reference methods (SRM), both implemented to determine the same measurand. These studies, measurements of gaseous emissions, were made using automatic measuring equipment’s with different techniques for the gases CO, NOx, SO2 and O2. Was intended to verify the equivalence of the AM and SRM methods for the determination of pollutants in real conditions, from fixed sources. For this study were analyzed pollutants from the following sources: a cogeneration, two boilers and a car. The fuel used in the first two sources was natural gas and the two end was diesel. The analysis and processing of data collected, showed no equivalence between AM and SRM methods. Dissertação de mestrado em Técnicas de Caracterização e Análise Química

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    Authors: Gomes,Igor; Margalho, Élida Melo; Alcântara, Amanda; Rocha Segundo, Iran Gomes da; +3 Authors

    Currently, air pollution is a matter of great relevance due to its significant impact on human health. Semiconductor photocatalysis technology, known for its high efficiency and low environmental degradation, is considered a highly promising means to improve air quality. Asphalt pavements are commonly used in urban areas with high population concentrations. During the production cycle of these pavements, various air pollutants are emitted, primarily due to the high temperatures required for asphalt pavement. Photocatalysis using the semiconductor TiO2 has the capacity to degrade atmospheric NO under sunlight, which has sparked significant interest in photocatalysis technology and its applications.The bandgap, enduring physicochemical properties of the element, and its nontoxicity, along with its NO degradation capabilities, make TiO2 a highly viable option for photocatalysis. This study aims to elucidate how air quality is controlled through passive sampling for the quantification of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere. Through this technique, it is possible to quantify the level of pollutants, in this case, NO2, present in the atmosphere at a selected location over a certain period of time. MicroCoolPav EXPL/EQU-EQU/1110/2021, UIDB/04650/2020, UIDB/04029/2020, 2022.00763.CEECIND and 2023.02795.BD. Also, it was funded by FUNCAP: MLC-0191-00144.01.00/22 and CNPq: 404978/2021-5 – Chamada CNPq/MCTI/FNDCT Nº 18/2021.

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    Authors: Moura, Pedro Emanuel Carvalho;

    Este trabalho teve como objetivos principais identificar, caracterizar e sustentar a valorização de locais de interesse geomorfológico do setor setentrional da Zona de Ossa Morena. Para a caracterização dos locais identificados, este trabalho inclui uma síntese do estado da arte dos temas da estratigrafia, magmatismo e geomorfologia da Zona de Ossa Morena. A Zona de Ossa Morena apresenta grande diversidade geológica, ocupando, em Portugal, uma parte significativa do Alentejo e prolongando-se para Espanha para as regiões da Extremadura e Andaluzia. Foram identificados oito locais de interesse geomorfológico, nomeadamente: Senhora da Penha-Crista de Fortios (Portalegre), Colina de Alter Pedroso, Barra Quartzítica da Serra das Penas (Cabeço de Vide), Castelo de Estremoz, Pego do Sino-Ribeira de Tera (Estremoz), Degrau Morfológico da Juromenha, Relevos do Ciborro-Aldeia da Serra (Arraiolos) e Alto de São Bento (Évora). Neste trabalho apresenta-se a caracterização de cada um dos locais em epígrafe de modo a expor o seu valor científico, educativo e turístico incluindo-se, sempre que relevante, o seu contexto/valor histórico. Estes locais foram selecionados de forma a incluir diversas formas de relevo que se relacionam com os aspetos litológicos e os processos de evolução tectónica e climática. O presente trabalho pretende sustentar trabalhos futuros que visem a valorização do território e do património geológico regional através da elaboração de painéis explicativos, a construção de estruturas que permitam sua acessibilidade, a divulgação dos pontos identificados através da Internet ou campanhas locais (ex. panfletos específicos) ou a elaboração de roteiros temáticos que permitam visitar e conhecer todos os locais de forma fácil e rápida. The main aim of this thesis is to identify, characterize and sustain the valorization of geomorphological interest sites in the northernmost sector of the Ossa Morena Zone. For the characterization of the identified sites, this work includes a synthesis of the state of the art of the stratigraphy, magmatism and geomorphology themes of the Ossa Morena Zone. The Ossa Morena Zone presents great geological diversity, occupying, in Portugal, a significant part of the Alentejo and extends up into Spain to Extremadura and Andalusia regions. Throughout the work eight sites of geomorphological interest were identified, namely: Senhora da Penha - Crista de Fortios (Portalegre), Colina de Alter Pedroso, Quartzite Bar of Serra das Penas (Cabeço de Vide), Estremoz Castle, Pego do Sino - Ribeira de Tera (Estremoz), Morphological Step of Juromenha, Reliefs of Ciborro-Aldeia da Serra (Arraiolos) and Alto de São Bento (Évora). This work characterizes those sites in order to understand their scientific, educational and touristic value, including, whenever relevant, their historical value. These sites were selected to include several relief forms related to lithological, tectonic and climatic evolution processes. The present work can support future work aimed the regional and geological heritage valorization through the development of explanatory panels, the construction of structures that allow easy accessibility, the dissemination of the identified points through the Internet or local campaigns (e.g. specific flyers) and the development of a thematic roadmap that allows visiting and knowing all the sites easily and quickly. Por último, agradeço ao Instituto de Ciências da Terra pelo apoio financeiro ao trabalho através da FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito dos projectos Refªs UIDB/04683/2020 e UIDP/04683/2020. Dissertação de mestrado em Geociências (especialização em Património Geológico e Geoconservação)

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    Authors: Lima, Joana Filipa Neto Costa;

    The present MSc Dissertation entitled “Planetary Surfaces Evolution: Mars – Dynamic Planet” comprises the historical period from the Luna 2 mission in 1959 up to the present day, of the study the surfaces of other celestial bodies beyond Earth. Spanning over sixty years and using a vast array of analytical techniques and exploration methods we from almost absolute obscurity about the processes behind the transformation of different types of planetary surfaces, to the ability to not only identify them, but also predict them, while using our laboratories and the study of Earth analogues to replicate and better understand these phenomena and thus allow significant scientific breakthroughs allowing the birth an evolution of a new field of science, Planetary Geology. This dissertation work allows a global view of the Martian surface, its evolution and the processes responsible for the present geomorphology and geochemistry. The locations selected for the present work were specifically chosen, in conjunction with their Earth analogue counterpart, thus demonstrating the uniformitarism of the processes at work on both planets and how to interpret the information arriving from other celestial bodies beyond Earth. In order to allow a better understanding of the long path that took us to the moment when a rover weighing over a tonne, and a tiny autonomous helicopter drone touch martian soil, the present work was divided into four main chapters: the first is completely dedicated to the Founding Fathers of Aeronautics, including a short historical review of space missions that contributed for planetary exploration and monitoring the evolution of planetary surfaces; the second chapter approaches the formation and evolution of our Solar System and the diversification of planetary surfaces; the third chapter is the central part of this dissertation work, in which imagery obtained by NASA’s orbiter – Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is analyzed, by studying its geomorphological (using HiRISE) and geochemical context (using CRISM), using analogue studies of locations on planet Earth. The future of planetary sciences, will be ever more challenging, aided by increasingly complex missions until we reach the moment when crewed missions can once again step into new worlds. As we witness this new space race unfold, we will see more frontiers being broken and conquered, facilitating ever more detailed information (and eventually access to samples), allowing us to understand where we come from and where are we headed, as a species, as inhabitants of the vast Universe. O presente trabalho de Dissertação de Mestrado, com o título “ Evolução de Superfícies Planetárias: Marte – Planeta Dinâmica” abrange o período histórico desde a missão Luna 2 em 1959 até ao presente, de estudo de superfícies de outros corpos celestes para além da Terra. Em 60 anos e recorrendo a variadas técnicas de análise, estudo e exploração a Humanidade passou do quase desconhecimento quanto aos processos responsáveis pela modelação e transformação de variadas superfícies planetárias para a capacidade de além de os identificar, ser capaz de os prever e em laboratório ou com visitas a locais análogos no nossos próprio planeta replicar esses mesmos processos e dessa forma poder ajudar ao avanço científico do campo científico da Geologia Planetária. Este trabalho pretende dar uma visão global da superfície do planeta Marte, da sua evolução e dos processos responsáveis pela presente geomorfologia e geoquímica. Foram escolhidos locais específicos de Marte, procurando análogos terrestres, demonstrando assim o uniformitarismo dos processos de modelação em distintas superfícies planetárias. Para ajudar à compreensão do largo caminho percorrido, até ao momento em que um rover de cerca de uma tonelada de peso e um pequeno helicóptero autónomos tocam o solo marciano, este trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos: o primeiro é completamente dedicada aos Pais Fundadores da Aeronáutica, e a uma pequena revisão histórica da exploração planetária e monitorização da evolução de superfícies planetárias; o segundo aborda a formação e a evolução do nosso Sistema Solar e a diversificação das superfícies planetárias e o terceiro é a parte central deste trabalho, na qual analisamos imagens obtidas pelo orbitador da NASA - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), estudando o seu contexto geomorfológico (recorrendo ao HiRISE) e geoquímico (recorrendo ao CRISM), fazendo analogias com locais terrestres. O futuro das ciências planetárias, passará por missões cada vez mais complexas abrindo lentamente caminho para missões tripuladas. À medida que esta nova corrida espacial evolui, poderemos observar a conquistada e derrube de cada vez mais barreiras e fronteiras, facilitando informação (e acesso a amostras) cada vez mais detalhada, ajudando a perceber donde vimos e para onde vamos enquanto espécie, enquanto habitantes do vasto Universo. Dissertação de mestrado em Geociências (especialização em Dinâmica Externa e Mudanças Globais)

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    Authors: Fonseca, P. A. R. F. D.; Gomes, M. E. P.; Antunes, Isabel Margarida Horta Ribeiro;

    Em Portugal, a exploração mineira de volfrâmio (W) teve, na primeira metade do Secúlo XX, um aumento significativo tanto a nível das quantidades extraídas como do preço de mercado, devido à crescente mecanização na indústria e transportes na europa, mas principalmente devido à II Guerra Mundial. Numa tentativa de responder à procura, foi permitida e desenvolvida a exploração maciça deste metal, descurando as implicações ambientais nos locais das explorações mineiras e na saúde humana da população local. As minas de W>Sn de Murçós representam uma dessas explorações, cujo passivo ambiental após a intervenção de remediação por parte da Empresa de Desenvolvimento Mineiro, no período entre 2005-2007, continua a revelar quantidades apreciáveis de elementos potencialmente tóxicos nos solos e nas águas, alterando o equilíbrio do meio ambiente envolvente e representando um perigo para a saúde humana de todos que com ela interagem. Uma das formas de tornar o local sustentável, a nível ambiental, económico e social, consiste em fechar o ciclo dos elementos, transformando estes resíduos em produtos que subtraiam do ambiente os elementos nocivos, sustentem economicamente a região e tornem a sociedade mais eficaz. Para cumprir este objectivo, a simbiose entre ecologia, economia e sociedade será uma realidade. In Portugal, during the first half of XX Century, the W-mining exploitation had a significant increase of extracted quantities and market price, due to the industry mechanization increase and transport in Europe, but mainly due to the II World War. To respond to the demand, the massive exploitation of this metal was allowed and developed, neglecting the implications inflicted on the environment associated to the mining explorations and in the local human health. The Murçós mine is one of those exploitations where environmental liabilities, after the remediation intervention by EDM between 2005-2007, continues to reveal significant contents of potentially toxic elements in soils and waters, altering the balance of the surrounding environment and representing a danger to human health. One way to make the site economically and socially sustainable is to close the elements cycle by transforming these wastes into products that remove harmful elements from the environment, sustain economically the region and make society more effective. To achieve this, the symbiosis between ecology, economy and society will be a reality. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Ribeiro, Paulo; Mendes, José F. G.;

    No âmbito da aplicação dos fundos europeus estruturais e de investimento no período de programação 2014-2020 torna-se necessário, na temática da mobilidade, dar cumprimento ao seguinte Objetivo Temático ?Apoiar a transição para uma economia de baixo teor de carbono em todos os sectores?, que estabelece, entre outras, a Prioridade de Investimento 4.5, que visa a promoção de estratégias de baixo teor de carbono para todos os tipos de territórios, nomeadamente as zonas urbanas, incluindo a promoção da mobilidade urbana multimodal sustentável e eficiente. Da análise da metodologia existente para quantificar o volume de emissões do setor dos transportes utilizado pela Direção Geral de Energia e Geologia é possível concluir que a determinação desses valores não permite definir estratégias que visem a redução das emissões neste setor. Deste modo, a metodologia desenvolvida permitirá estimar o valor correspondente a um número de viagens de transporte motorizados para um determinado volume de emissões de GEE (tonCO2) e assim definir o quadro da repartição modal mais eficiente para os padrões de mobilidade urbana a atingir por um, ou vários, municípios de uma região. Assim, neste artigo será apresentada uma metodologia que vise estimar a diminuição do número de viagens em transporte individual, que possam ser transferidas para modos de transporte mais eficientes e menos poluentes, como o autocarro e os modos ativos, de modo a que se possa atingir o valor meta de CO2 para 2023. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Ribeiro, Juliana Filipa Santos;

    O presente estudo visou analisar e compreender o impacto da formação em contexto organizacional, tendo por base o clima e a cultura da instituição, bem como os atores sociais que nela estão envolvidos. Embora se privilegie a análise da influência das práticas formativas sobre a cultura e o clima da organização, procurou-se, sempre que possível, abordar o percurso inverso, no sentido de captar as articulações entre as duas problemáticas. Além disso, também foi objetivo avaliar a necessidade de criação de um Knowledge Center. Assim, tendo como referência os objetivos gerais, adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa, apesar de nos socorrermos de uma técnica de índole quantitativa, sendo que o objetivo foi obter respostas da forma como cada sujeito perspetiva a realidade. Seguimos a metodologia de Richardson (1989), cujo primeiro passo é escolher as variáveis mais importantes e que consigam dar resposta aos objetivos mais complexos de um estudo. O estudo realizou-se numa organização empresarial, nomeadamente a Eurico Ferreira, na qual foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, 210 questionários a colaboradores de diferentes departamentos, tendo-se obtido 93 respostas (44%). Além do questionário, este estudo foi complementado com duas outras técnicas: a análise documental e a observação. Foi possível constatar que a cultura predominante na Eurico Ferreira é a cultura integradora que se centra na partilha de saberes e conhecimentos, tendo-se concluído que a formação contribui para adquirir uma maior consciência sobre a estratégia da organização, refletindo-se no posto de trabalho de cada indivíduo. Por fim, verificou-se ser de extrema relevância a adequação dos procedimentos formativos à organização, de forma a que tenham um impacto positivo no clima e na cultura da mesma. The aim of the current study is to analyse and perceive the impact of formation in the organizational context, based in atmosphere and culture of the chosen organization and its social actors. Although we privilege the influence of formative practices on organization culture and atmosphere, it is also possible to do the opposite in order to relate both issues. Besides, another goal was to evaluate the need of creation of the Knowledge Center. According to our global objectives, we assumed a qualitative approach, although using a quantitative technique, in which the objective is to get the answers about people’s reality perspectives. We follow Richardson’s methodology (1989) who’s says that the first step is to choose the most important variables, which can give an answer to most complex goals of a study. This study was conducted in an business organization called Eurico Ferreira, in which we randomly distributed 210 questionnaires applied to different departments workers. We obtained 93 answers (44%). Besides the questionnaire, this study used two other techniques: documental analysis and observation. We observed that the prevailing culture was the integrative culture that consists of sharing knowledge. Besides, we concluded that the formation contributes to get more consciousness about company’s strategy which reflects in each persons’ workstation. Finally, it was found that it is very important to adequate the formation procedures to the organization, so that it can have a positive impact on the atmosphere and culture. Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação (área de especialização em Formação, Trabalho e Recursos Humanos)

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    Authors: Alves, C.;

    No presente trabalho são discutidos alguns dos prin cipais pontos da relação entre os estudos geológicos e o património cultural em pedra natural (no sentido de objeto rochoso), organizados segundo quatro linhas principais: significado cultu ral (do material rochoso e não do objeto elaborado), avaliação dos materiais (em termos de s uscetibilidade aos processo de alteração e por comparação com os ensaios laboratoriais), estratégi a de intervenção (baseada na caracterização dos problemas) e divulgação (formal e informal, inc luindo o aproveitamento turístico) de conceitos geológicos (incluindo objetos e processos). In this paper are discussed some of the main issues of the relation between geological studies and cultural heritage in natural stone (in the sense of objects made from rocks), organized along four main lines: cultural significance (of the stone mat erial and not of the cultural object), evaluation o f materials (in terms of susceptibility to decay proc esses and in comparison with laboratory tests), intervention strategy (in relation to the character ization of the problems) and divulgation (formal and informal, including touristic valorisation) of geol ogical concepts (including objects and processes). Projeto Lab2PT- Laboratório de Paisagens, Património e Território - AUR/04509 que tem o apoio financeiro da FCT/MCTES através de fundos nacionais (PIDDAC) e o cofinanciamento do Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), refª POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007528, no âmbito do novo acordo de parceria PT2020 através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Authors: Pimenta, Carlos Daniel Costa;

    As crises energética e ambiental, com as quais a arquitetura e a construção contemporâneas se confrontam, fizeram aumentar, nos últimos anos, o interesse pelas estratégias de controlo natural e passivo das condições de conforto da arquitetura tradicional. A arquitetura vernácula apresenta técnicas construtivas simples, desenvolvidas de forma empírica ao longo de gerações, marcadas pela estreita relação com as condições locais do meio em que se insere (clima, recursos, cultura, etc.). Em Portugal, a arquitetura vernácula carece ainda de um vasto trabalho de campo que comprove cientificamente a veracidade das diversas estratégias e potencialidades deste tipo de arquitetura. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar in-situ o comportamento e as condições de conforto de um edifício tradicional português, da região da Beira Alta. As principais estratégias passivas utilizadas na arquitetura vernacular beirã são as varandas envidraçadas. Os indicadores de conforto analisados foram o ambiente térmico, a iluminação e a qualidade do ar interior. A metodologia de ensaio baseou-se em trabalho campo composta por avaliações subjetivas do nível de conforto dos ocupantes e avaliações objetivas dos parâmetros físicos do edifício. Os parâmetros monitorizados foram a temperatura e a humidade relativa do ar, a iluminância e a concentração de CO2. O período de monitorização estendeu-se pelas estações climáticas de primavera e de verão, entre os dias 5 de junho e 10 de setembro do ano 2014. Os resultados deste estudo permitem constatar que, através de meios passivos, é possível assegurar as condições de conforto térmico, visual e de qualidade do ar no interior do edifício, na maior parte dos espaços interiores. Este estudo permitiu também concluir que os ocupantes têm a capacidade de adaptar o ambiente interior às suas condições de conforto ideais. The energetic and environmental crises, with which the contemporary architecture and construction are facing, have increased, in recent years, the interest in the natural and passive strategies to control the comfort conditions in buildings. The vernacular architecture features simple construction techniques, developed empirically over generations, marked by close relationship with the local conditions of the environment in which it operates (climate, resources, culture, etc.). In Portugal, the vernacular architecture still needs to be studied in an approach that scientifically proves the veracity of the various passive strategies and potentialities of this type of architecture. In this context, the present work aims at evaluating the in-situ thermal performance and the comfort conditions of a traditional Portuguese building in the Beira Alta region. The main passive strategies used in the vernacular architecture of Beira Alta are the glazed balconies. The analyzed comfort indicators were the hydrothermal environment, natural lighting and indoor air quality. The methodology was based on subjective assessments of the comfort level and objective assessments of the physical parameters of the building. The monitored parameters were the air temperature, relative humidity, the illuminance levels and the CO2 concentration. The monitoring period was extended by the seasons of spring and summer, between June 5th and September 10th of 2014. The results of this study allowed concluding that through the passive design principles it was possible to guarantee comfort conditions for the thermal, visual and air quality parameters inside the building, during most of the monitored period. Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

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    Authors: Lima, José Evaristo Lopes;

    A hidroponia é um método de cultivo onde as plantas crescem sem solo, que usa apenas uma solução baseada em nutrientes para alimentar as plantas. (Saaid, et al., 2013) As produções agrícolas são afetadas por diversos fenómenos meteorológicos, em particular, no caso da hidroponia para além desses fatores existem outros ligados à solução nutritiva que interferem no crescimento das plantas. Neste trabalho, é feita a monitorização da solução nutritiva e também da temperatura, humidade e luminosidade através de uma rede de sensores sem fios. O sistema é destinado ao interior de uma estufa e disponibiliza informação em tempo real, sobre as variáveis recolhidas, ao agricultor a partir de um computador. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho consiste em fazer um levantamento das necessidades na cultura por hidroponia, seguidamente fazer um estudo de mercado sobre componentes eletrónicos – sensores e por fim desenvolver todo o sistema, software e hardware. Hydroponic method of growing plants is based on a mineral nutrient solution (in water) without soil. There are several weather phenomena which affect the crop yields and, on this particular case of hydroponics crop, there are other factors that interfere with the plants’ growth such as nutrient solution. (Saaid, et al., 2013) Therefore, in this work is made the nutrient solution monitoring and also the temperature, humidity and luminosity monitoring by a wireless sensor network. The system is conceived for the insides of a greenhouse and it provides to the farmer real time information on the collected variables from a computer. The methodology in this project consists in doing a statement of requirements in hydroponics culture, a research and market study about electronic components (like sensors) and, in the end, develop a system. Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Mecatrónica

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    Authors: Carneiro, L. P.;

    A poluição atmosférica é o efeito provocado por diferentes elementos sólidos, líquidos, ou gases, provenientes sobretudo da atividade do Homem. Os problemas mais graves de contaminação do ar surgem nas cidades e em áreas com um grande nível de industrialização, embora estes problemas estejam cada vez mais generalizados, facto que merece a nossa preocupação. Uma das soluções apontadas, para controlar a poluição foi, a criação de normas e legislação que visam controlar as emissões gasosas provenientes de fontes fixas. Estas normas aprovam os requisitos necessários para uma monitorização, os princípios de amostragem para emissões atmosféricas e os métodos de medição para determinação dos poluentes emitidos. A legislação tem como objetivo reduzir e controlar quer os níveis de concentração de poluentes na atmosfera, quer as emissões atmosféricas de certos poluentes, com origem em fontes fixas. Neste trabalho foram realizadas diversas amostragens por via húmida e respetiva análise em laboratório de poluentes como HCl, HF, SO2, H2S e partículas totais em suspensão (PTS), respeitando as normas implementadas. Foi também aplicado neste trabalho, a norma CEN/TS 14793, para estudar a equivalência dos resultados obtidos por métodos alternativos (AM) com os obtidos por métodos de referência (SRM), ambos implementados para determinar a mesma mensuranda. Estes estudos, de medições de emissões gasosas, foram efetuados recorrendo a equipamentos de medição automática com a utilização de técnicas diferentes, para os gases CO, NOx, SO2 e O2. Pretendeuse verificar a equivalência dos métodos AM a métodos SRM na determinação de poluentes em condições reais, provenientes de fontes fixas. Para este estudo foram analisados poluentes nas seguintes fontes: uma cogeração, duas caldeiras e um carro. O combustível usado nas duas primeiras fontes foi o gás-natural e para as duas finais o diesel. A análise e tratamento dos dados recolhidos, mostrou a não equivalência entre métodos AM e SRM. Air pollution is the effect caused by different solids and liquids elements, or gases, mainly from human activity. The most serious problems of air pollution arise in cities and in areas with a high level of industrialization, although these problems are increasingly widespread, a fact that deserves our concern. One of the solutions suggested, to control pollution was, the creation of standards and laws that aim to control gaseous emissions from stationary sources. These standards approve the necessary requirements for monitoring, the principles of sampling for atmospheric emissions and the measurement methods for determination of pollutants emitted. The legislation aims to reduce and control both the concentration levels of pollutants in the atmosphere or atmospheric emissions of certain pollutants, originating from stationary sources. In this work several by wet samplings were performed and respective laboratory analysis of pollutants such as HCl, HF, SO2, H2S and PTS, respecting implemented rules. It was also applied in this work, the standard CEN/TS 14793, to study the equivalence results of the obtained by alternative methods (AM) with those obtained by reference methods (SRM), both implemented to determine the same measurand. These studies, measurements of gaseous emissions, were made using automatic measuring equipment’s with different techniques for the gases CO, NOx, SO2 and O2. Was intended to verify the equivalence of the AM and SRM methods for the determination of pollutants in real conditions, from fixed sources. For this study were analyzed pollutants from the following sources: a cogeneration, two boilers and a car. The fuel used in the first two sources was natural gas and the two end was diesel. The analysis and processing of data collected, showed no equivalence between AM and SRM methods. Dissertação de mestrado em Técnicas de Caracterização e Análise Química

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