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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2024 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Information on energy use and emissions from non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) is scattered. Based on available information from 2010, it can be estimated that the NRMM sector represents about 2% of GHG emissions in Europe. Agriculture machinery covers around 50% and construction machinery around 25% of NRMM total CO2 emissions. The remaining 25% is covered by the various machinery in other categories. This clearly indicates that the highest potential in CO2 reduction is in agriculture and construction machinery. The remainder of the machinery covers machine types, for example mining and cargo handling, where market driven electrification has developed furthest. Currently, NRMM is the only vehicle/machinery category which is not subjected to CO2 emission standard regulations. Only regulations for air pollutant emissions are in place. Therefore, one can anticipate that there will be a growing interest to extend CO2 emission standard regulations also to the NRMM sector. For example, California Air Resources Board (CARB) has started discussions on updating NRMM emission standards and at the same time introducing CO2 standards. However, the wide variety in types of NRMM and their use patters pose challenges in setting possible CO2 emission standards to NRMM based on current engine only type-approval process. Current NRMM engines type approval process will enable only a very limited reduction potential for CO2 emissions. By estimation, a 15% efficiency improvement in engine level could be achievable in the long term. For greater CO2 reduction, new measures are needed to take into an account the unique nature of the NRMM sector. Tank-to-wheel based approach only will not provide the required toolbox for NRMM Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) to develop products that achieve emission reductions and fulfil the requirements of the end-users. The necessary approach should be holistic and technology neutral, combining multiple measures and recognizing also upstream energy carrier emissions. Speeding up RDI investments (e.g. more prominent role in EU RDI funding schemes and regulations) on energy efficient NRMMs, renewable and sustainable energy carriers and powertrains for NRMM use would contribute to market driven approach for CO2 reduction. Public procurement is another effective way for establishing market demand for low carbon NRMM solutions. Clean vehicle directive (CVD) could be used as exemplary framework for setting up a “Clean Machinery Directive”. A variety of energy carriers is needed in the NRMM sector due to complex use cases. Thus, investigation of possible methodologies how to include all renewable and sustainable energy carriers in NRMM regulation would be highly important. At the same time, alternative energy sources require new infrastructure that should be investigated. Finally, introduction of on-road HDV’s CO2 regulation-based approach for defining CO2 emissions in machine level would provide a comprehensive measure to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions in machine level.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023 Finland EnglishPublisher:Maastricht University Digitalization is considered an important driver of the unravelling societal and economic transformations. However, holding both promises and challenges, its effects on the performance of individual firms are still underexplored. In this paper, we recognize that digitalization may take many shapes and try isolating the effects specifically of product digitization on firm level labour productivity. Our analyses are based on a large Europe-wide unique dataset combining structured information from ORBIS and PATSTAT with novel web-scraped information on digitalization in firms involved in high-tech manufacturing. We show that digitalization benefits productivity. However, the effect appears to result exclusively from product digitization, while a general digital intensity measure turned out to be insignificant. Moreover, we show that the effects are stronger for firms with higher initial productivity and firms located in countries considered digitally leading. Our results from the European high-tech sector suggest that the digital transformation in Europe is slow paced and scaled-up in only a fraction of the firms.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Decommissioning of nuclear power plants (NPP) presents a significant business opportunity with high market potential, particularly in Europe. Projects are largescale and costly, requiring companies to have specialized knowledge in the nuclear industry but also conventional demolition expertise.This final report summarizes the achievements of the dECOmm project, which VTT launched to establish a Finnish ecosystem capable of providing competitive services to the international decommissioning market. The project started at the end of 2019 and concluded in June 2023. The dECOmm project was one of the first co-innovation projects funded by Business Finland, The project has proven the efficacy of an ecosystem approach in fostering innovation, societal impact, and both domestic and international networking.Dissemination of project results and demos took place in Open Business Day events, DigiDECOM conferences in Norway and Finland, several other international conferences, field trips and the final seminar. Network ng and dissemination activities were integrated with nuclear energy ecosystems EcoSMR, ECO-Fusion and FINUELS.Project members were VTT (research partner), BMH Technology, Ekonia, Fortum, Lotus Demolition, Platom, Sweco and TVO. Additionally, FinNuclear Association was a close collaboration partner.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::82f76009bca126b285e6a3fd7f99d520&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022 Finland FinnishPublisher:Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment In November 2020, Minister of Economic Affairs Mika Lintilä appointed a steering group led by Jussi Herlin to prepare an action plan for Finland to speed up the introduction of artificial intelligence and to promote the so-called fourth industrial revolution. The Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme focuses on promoting the development and introduction of artificial intelligence and other digital technologies, targeting SMEs in the manufacturing industry in particular. The vision of the programme is to make Finland a winner in the twin transition, which describes a simultaneous digital and green transition. To achieve this vision, three areas of development were identified: A) Strengthening high-level research on key technologies as well as development activities and investments B) Increasing the adoption of digital capabilities and technologies that accelerate the dual transition in industrial SMEsC) Making Finland an international frontrunner in the twin transition.KeywordsAn action plan with monitoring indicators was established for the development areas. In addition, the steering group proposed the creation of a roundtable, which would be responsible for advancing the action plan on a strategic level after the end of programme’s term. Upon meeting the objectives of the Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme, Finland’s industry will be clean, efficient and digital in 2030. Digitalisation will be utilised in the promotion of industrial productivity and international competitiveness, and ethically sustainable solutions that accelerate the twin transition will be increasingly offered to the global market. The renewal of industry through investments in RDI and education will play a key role in achieving the green transition.The steering group’s first interim report “From start-up to implementation” was published in April 2021 and the second interim report “Finland to become a winner in a twin transition” in December 2021. This final report, “Finland as a leader in the twin transition”, presents the key messages of the entire Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme, formulated by a broad-based group of participants over a period of two years.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::17890587dd526677a4afd4917792aa04&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland This report summarizes main activities and achieved results of the ICory project, a co-innovation project funded by Business Finland and carried out during 2018-2021. ICory aimed at 1) co-creating an intelligent patient-centric digital solution for orthopedic and pediatric surgery care journeys; 2) assessing impact of the developed solution from both medical, patient, and business perspectives; 3) and developing ecosystemic business model for speeding up companies’ access to the international market. In ICory, the patient journey solutions were co-developed together with researchers, hospitals, and companies; effectiveness of the solutions were evaluated in two randomized controlled trials in Finland; Rehaboo! Exercise Game is being evaluated in a RCT in Singapore; a medicine delivery robot was developed and tested; research on business models was conducted; collaboration with three hospitals in Singapore and one Australian University was built. Results of the studies have been published in 27 scientific journal and conferences articles, and 2 doctoral dissertations were done during the project. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected functioning of the participating hospitals, delaying recruitment of patients and progression of the RCT studies. Analysis of the RCT data has started and the results will be published in several scientific articles after the project.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Finland has a long tradition of pioneering maritime technological innovation. The INTENS project is one of the recent examples and major showcases for that, with special focus on maritime digitalization and decarbonization towards smart and green shipping. From its inception, INTENS has been a blessing to the consortium partners and wider Finnish maritime cluster. It has given the INTENS partners a unique opportunity to dedicate enormous efforts to jointly research and develop industry-leading novel solutions and innovations to address the major challenges faced by the global shipping industry. During the last three and a half years, the INTENS group have committed themselves to the project and achieved a long list of tangible R&D results, making the INTENS project a notable success. Interactive research-industry co-innovation has been the other crucial factor in and showcase for the INTENS' success. The collaboration within and outside of the consortium has made the INTENS project a recognized and rewarding platform, not only for the technological innovation and development, but also for the knowledge sharing and technology transfer. This book acts as part of the final report of the INTENS project and partly as the proceedings of the 2021 INTENS AFTERNOON public webinar series, featured with a collection of extended abstracts of the most recent project results. Hope this 2021 edition, together with earlier 2019 and 2020 editions, could showcase what have been achieved in the INTENS project and give a sneak peek at how digitalization and decarbonization could transform the shipping cluster. INTENS intensifies smart and green shipping by maritime digitalization and collaboration.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::8ec1554cd48b83134495fbafc938d833&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:Geological Survey of Finland The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital applications and digital devices continues to grow and increasing amounts of information are being converted into a digital format. Prior research on digitalization in the context of sustainability has focused mainly on energy consumption and emissions. However, with the increasing demand for ICT hardware in numerous applications in modern society, the raw materials requirement of digital devices has become a crucial sustainability issue. Therefore, this report delves deeper into the topic of the raw materials consumption of digitalization.We focus on the following challenges and topics:• Sources, production, availability and sustainability of digitalization raw materials• ICT sector’s raw materials consumption, with a specific focus on selected keyend-user devices: smartphones and smart TVs• Key aspects of the ICT value chain• Key ICT consumer and end-user aspects• Possible solutions to support the sustainability of digital devices throughout their life cycle• Key policy aspects and recommendations
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::c28132bece4993f4f118daa4ed2de2d7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland This is the final report summarises the main results of the research project on Integrated Management of Safety and Security Synergies in Seveso plants (SAF€RA 4STER). The objectives of the research project were the following: 1) To gain insights into synergies and tensions related to the management of safety and security in Seveso plants. 2) To find a solution to the challenge of managing safety and security in a coordinated manner. 3) To provide guidelines for managing safety and security in an integrated way in Seveso plants. 4) To provide tools for the identification of security scenarios triggered by malicious human intentions. The research data included literature reviews on concepts and management of safety, security, cybersecurity; interviews with regulators and safety and security experts on Seveso sites; analysis of past accidents induced by malicious human intent both in the form of physical security violence and cybersecurity interference, and survey on cybersecurity awareness and physical security awareness in companies. Past incident analysis showed that terrorism and cyberattacks were the most important threat categories for Seveso plants. Even though, past incident analysis showed that no major events occurred in chemical or petrochemical facilities due to cyber-attacks, they remain a relevant threat category, and worth paying attention to. This is because of the current trend towards growing digitalisation, automation and blurring boundaries between IT and operational technology (OT) systems in high-risk industries, makes OT systems vulnerable to cybersecurity attacks. Cybersecurity awareness in Seveso plants was reported to be at a good level. However, survey respondents had seen ignorance and negligence in their companies regarding cybersecurity. It is possible to create technological barriers, e.g., firewalls, anti-virus software, and to design IT systems so that they direct people to act securely without the need for people to make their own choices. Furthermore, human and organizational barriers, such as integrated management and safety and security culture, are needed. Institutional support to integrated management is weak. The Seveso directive does not require integration. Often cybersecurity is dealt with by IT department, and processsafety and cybersecurity risks are handled separately. These do not contribute to integration. The Responsible Care programme and Environment, Health and Safety and Security (EHS&S) management system adopted by many Seveso plants, do combine different standards into the same management system and thus they represent structural integration. However, they are not sufficient to tackle systemic risks, deriving from interconnectedness of technological and organisational systems and related risks. Integrated management would benefit from risk assessments, in which process-safety risks, physical security risks and cybersecurity risks and their significance would be examined together, e.g. in the same Hazop study. The integrated management would require deep understanding of systemic risks, and new safety and security thinking, and close collaboration between different safety and security experts. Both single plants and industrial parks would benefit from Integrated management.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::21e5a47e207574d41ffa7f768add1a36&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2020 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Digitalisation is progressing in every domain, including the manufacturing industries. Digitising, digitalisation and digital transformation are concepts that are sometimes mixed or intentionally broaden or constricted. For us digitising is the way to provide a digital presentation (model) of an entity i.e. converting information from a physical format into a digital one. Digitalisation means the implementation of processes or services via information and communication technologies (ICT). Digital transformation is the way to digitalise your product, services or processes; i.e. how to proceed with digitalisation. In Finland, there are examples of ICT forerunners on manufacturing sector. For example, Cargotec already has over 250 implemented robot process automation applications. The first industrial 5G, edge-computing and AI-based machine-vision system can detect errors and guide workers online at ABB. However, there are some smaller forerunners, too. For example, Mantsinen has implemented intelligent maintenance service based on an Internet of Things (IoT) solution that feeds 50 different bus signals into the cloud about every second. This service is piloted with material handling machinery in a harbour in the UK. This leaflet focusses on Finnish manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and clarifies their digitalisation status, challenges and potential technologies. Some supportive actions are proposed. VTT’s role and means to support those SMEs will be considered in more detail soon.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::42213de502c50b132acbdf7661fbe08d&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2020 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Over the last 10–20 years, the business environment has changed dramatically via enablers such as digitalization, the internet and smart mobile devices. A phenomenon originating in Silicon Valley known as the "platform economy" has caught on, and we understand it as a way of creating value and organizing layered (business or other) activities enabled by digital platforms, information and data.This report presents an interview study that explores how Finnish companies view and capitalise on opportunities in the evolving platform economy. This research problem is addressed through the following four research questions: (1) How do Finnish companies understand the concept of the platform economy in general and in their business sector? (2) What opportunities and threats do Finnish companies perceive in terms of the technological, social and political aspects of the platform economy? (3) What factors act as drivers or barriers in the process of Finnish companies entering the platform economy? (4) How do the findings from Finnish companies compare to those from the USA?
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2024 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Information on energy use and emissions from non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) is scattered. Based on available information from 2010, it can be estimated that the NRMM sector represents about 2% of GHG emissions in Europe. Agriculture machinery covers around 50% and construction machinery around 25% of NRMM total CO2 emissions. The remaining 25% is covered by the various machinery in other categories. This clearly indicates that the highest potential in CO2 reduction is in agriculture and construction machinery. The remainder of the machinery covers machine types, for example mining and cargo handling, where market driven electrification has developed furthest. Currently, NRMM is the only vehicle/machinery category which is not subjected to CO2 emission standard regulations. Only regulations for air pollutant emissions are in place. Therefore, one can anticipate that there will be a growing interest to extend CO2 emission standard regulations also to the NRMM sector. For example, California Air Resources Board (CARB) has started discussions on updating NRMM emission standards and at the same time introducing CO2 standards. However, the wide variety in types of NRMM and their use patters pose challenges in setting possible CO2 emission standards to NRMM based on current engine only type-approval process. Current NRMM engines type approval process will enable only a very limited reduction potential for CO2 emissions. By estimation, a 15% efficiency improvement in engine level could be achievable in the long term. For greater CO2 reduction, new measures are needed to take into an account the unique nature of the NRMM sector. Tank-to-wheel based approach only will not provide the required toolbox for NRMM Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) to develop products that achieve emission reductions and fulfil the requirements of the end-users. The necessary approach should be holistic and technology neutral, combining multiple measures and recognizing also upstream energy carrier emissions. Speeding up RDI investments (e.g. more prominent role in EU RDI funding schemes and regulations) on energy efficient NRMMs, renewable and sustainable energy carriers and powertrains for NRMM use would contribute to market driven approach for CO2 reduction. Public procurement is another effective way for establishing market demand for low carbon NRMM solutions. Clean vehicle directive (CVD) could be used as exemplary framework for setting up a “Clean Machinery Directive”. A variety of energy carriers is needed in the NRMM sector due to complex use cases. Thus, investigation of possible methodologies how to include all renewable and sustainable energy carriers in NRMM regulation would be highly important. At the same time, alternative energy sources require new infrastructure that should be investigated. Finally, introduction of on-road HDV’s CO2 regulation-based approach for defining CO2 emissions in machine level would provide a comprehensive measure to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions in machine level.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023 Finland EnglishPublisher:Maastricht University Digitalization is considered an important driver of the unravelling societal and economic transformations. However, holding both promises and challenges, its effects on the performance of individual firms are still underexplored. In this paper, we recognize that digitalization may take many shapes and try isolating the effects specifically of product digitization on firm level labour productivity. Our analyses are based on a large Europe-wide unique dataset combining structured information from ORBIS and PATSTAT with novel web-scraped information on digitalization in firms involved in high-tech manufacturing. We show that digitalization benefits productivity. However, the effect appears to result exclusively from product digitization, while a general digital intensity measure turned out to be insignificant. Moreover, we show that the effects are stronger for firms with higher initial productivity and firms located in countries considered digitally leading. Our results from the European high-tech sector suggest that the digital transformation in Europe is slow paced and scaled-up in only a fraction of the firms.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=dris___01229::de724e6ae19cc10b4ea9efc1875023c3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Decommissioning of nuclear power plants (NPP) presents a significant business opportunity with high market potential, particularly in Europe. Projects are largescale and costly, requiring companies to have specialized knowledge in the nuclear industry but also conventional demolition expertise.This final report summarizes the achievements of the dECOmm project, which VTT launched to establish a Finnish ecosystem capable of providing competitive services to the international decommissioning market. The project started at the end of 2019 and concluded in June 2023. The dECOmm project was one of the first co-innovation projects funded by Business Finland, The project has proven the efficacy of an ecosystem approach in fostering innovation, societal impact, and both domestic and international networking.Dissemination of project results and demos took place in Open Business Day events, DigiDECOM conferences in Norway and Finland, several other international conferences, field trips and the final seminar. Network ng and dissemination activities were integrated with nuclear energy ecosystems EcoSMR, ECO-Fusion and FINUELS.Project members were VTT (research partner), BMH Technology, Ekonia, Fortum, Lotus Demolition, Platom, Sweco and TVO. Additionally, FinNuclear Association was a close collaboration partner.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022 Finland FinnishPublisher:Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment In November 2020, Minister of Economic Affairs Mika Lintilä appointed a steering group led by Jussi Herlin to prepare an action plan for Finland to speed up the introduction of artificial intelligence and to promote the so-called fourth industrial revolution. The Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme focuses on promoting the development and introduction of artificial intelligence and other digital technologies, targeting SMEs in the manufacturing industry in particular. The vision of the programme is to make Finland a winner in the twin transition, which describes a simultaneous digital and green transition. To achieve this vision, three areas of development were identified: A) Strengthening high-level research on key technologies as well as development activities and investments B) Increasing the adoption of digital capabilities and technologies that accelerate the dual transition in industrial SMEsC) Making Finland an international frontrunner in the twin transition.KeywordsAn action plan with monitoring indicators was established for the development areas. In addition, the steering group proposed the creation of a roundtable, which would be responsible for advancing the action plan on a strategic level after the end of programme’s term. Upon meeting the objectives of the Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme, Finland’s industry will be clean, efficient and digital in 2030. Digitalisation will be utilised in the promotion of industrial productivity and international competitiveness, and ethically sustainable solutions that accelerate the twin transition will be increasingly offered to the global market. The renewal of industry through investments in RDI and education will play a key role in achieving the green transition.The steering group’s first interim report “From start-up to implementation” was published in April 2021 and the second interim report “Finland to become a winner in a twin transition” in December 2021. This final report, “Finland as a leader in the twin transition”, presents the key messages of the entire Artificial Intelligence 4.0 programme, formulated by a broad-based group of participants over a period of two years.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland This report summarizes main activities and achieved results of the ICory project, a co-innovation project funded by Business Finland and carried out during 2018-2021. ICory aimed at 1) co-creating an intelligent patient-centric digital solution for orthopedic and pediatric surgery care journeys; 2) assessing impact of the developed solution from both medical, patient, and business perspectives; 3) and developing ecosystemic business model for speeding up companies’ access to the international market. In ICory, the patient journey solutions were co-developed together with researchers, hospitals, and companies; effectiveness of the solutions were evaluated in two randomized controlled trials in Finland; Rehaboo! Exercise Game is being evaluated in a RCT in Singapore; a medicine delivery robot was developed and tested; research on business models was conducted; collaboration with three hospitals in Singapore and one Australian University was built. Results of the studies have been published in 27 scientific journal and conferences articles, and 2 doctoral dissertations were done during the project. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected functioning of the participating hospitals, delaying recruitment of patients and progression of the RCT studies. Analysis of the RCT data has started and the results will be published in several scientific articles after the project.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Finland has a long tradition of pioneering maritime technological innovation. The INTENS project is one of the recent examples and major showcases for that, with special focus on maritime digitalization and decarbonization towards smart and green shipping. From its inception, INTENS has been a blessing to the consortium partners and wider Finnish maritime cluster. It has given the INTENS partners a unique opportunity to dedicate enormous efforts to jointly research and develop industry-leading novel solutions and innovations to address the major challenges faced by the global shipping industry. During the last three and a half years, the INTENS group have committed themselves to the project and achieved a long list of tangible R&D results, making the INTENS project a notable success. Interactive research-industry co-innovation has been the other crucial factor in and showcase for the INTENS' success. The collaboration within and outside of the consortium has made the INTENS project a recognized and rewarding platform, not only for the technological innovation and development, but also for the knowledge sharing and technology transfer. This book acts as part of the final report of the INTENS project and partly as the proceedings of the 2021 INTENS AFTERNOON public webinar series, featured with a collection of extended abstracts of the most recent project results. Hope this 2021 edition, together with earlier 2019 and 2020 editions, could showcase what have been achieved in the INTENS project and give a sneak peek at how digitalization and decarbonization could transform the shipping cluster. INTENS intensifies smart and green shipping by maritime digitalization and collaboration.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:Geological Survey of Finland The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital applications and digital devices continues to grow and increasing amounts of information are being converted into a digital format. Prior research on digitalization in the context of sustainability has focused mainly on energy consumption and emissions. However, with the increasing demand for ICT hardware in numerous applications in modern society, the raw materials requirement of digital devices has become a crucial sustainability issue. Therefore, this report delves deeper into the topic of the raw materials consumption of digitalization.We focus on the following challenges and topics:• Sources, production, availability and sustainability of digitalization raw materials• ICT sector’s raw materials consumption, with a specific focus on selected keyend-user devices: smartphones and smart TVs• Key aspects of the ICT value chain• Key ICT consumer and end-user aspects• Possible solutions to support the sustainability of digital devices throughout their life cycle• Key policy aspects and recommendations
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2021 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland This is the final report summarises the main results of the research project on Integrated Management of Safety and Security Synergies in Seveso plants (SAF€RA 4STER). The objectives of the research project were the following: 1) To gain insights into synergies and tensions related to the management of safety and security in Seveso plants. 2) To find a solution to the challenge of managing safety and security in a coordinated manner. 3) To provide guidelines for managing safety and security in an integrated way in Seveso plants. 4) To provide tools for the identification of security scenarios triggered by malicious human intentions. The research data included literature reviews on concepts and management of safety, security, cybersecurity; interviews with regulators and safety and security experts on Seveso sites; analysis of past accidents induced by malicious human intent both in the form of physical security violence and cybersecurity interference, and survey on cybersecurity awareness and physical security awareness in companies. Past incident analysis showed that terrorism and cyberattacks were the most important threat categories for Seveso plants. Even though, past incident analysis showed that no major events occurred in chemical or petrochemical facilities due to cyber-attacks, they remain a relevant threat category, and worth paying attention to. This is because of the current trend towards growing digitalisation, automation and blurring boundaries between IT and operational technology (OT) systems in high-risk industries, makes OT systems vulnerable to cybersecurity attacks. Cybersecurity awareness in Seveso plants was reported to be at a good level. However, survey respondents had seen ignorance and negligence in their companies regarding cybersecurity. It is possible to create technological barriers, e.g., firewalls, anti-virus software, and to design IT systems so that they direct people to act securely without the need for people to make their own choices. Furthermore, human and organizational barriers, such as integrated management and safety and security culture, are needed. Institutional support to integrated management is weak. The Seveso directive does not require integration. Often cybersecurity is dealt with by IT department, and processsafety and cybersecurity risks are handled separately. These do not contribute to integration. The Responsible Care programme and Environment, Health and Safety and Security (EHS&S) management system adopted by many Seveso plants, do combine different standards into the same management system and thus they represent structural integration. However, they are not sufficient to tackle systemic risks, deriving from interconnectedness of technological and organisational systems and related risks. Integrated management would benefit from risk assessments, in which process-safety risks, physical security risks and cybersecurity risks and their significance would be examined together, e.g. in the same Hazop study. The integrated management would require deep understanding of systemic risks, and new safety and security thinking, and close collaboration between different safety and security experts. Both single plants and industrial parks would benefit from Integrated management.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2020 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Digitalisation is progressing in every domain, including the manufacturing industries. Digitising, digitalisation and digital transformation are concepts that are sometimes mixed or intentionally broaden or constricted. For us digitising is the way to provide a digital presentation (model) of an entity i.e. converting information from a physical format into a digital one. Digitalisation means the implementation of processes or services via information and communication technologies (ICT). Digital transformation is the way to digitalise your product, services or processes; i.e. how to proceed with digitalisation. In Finland, there are examples of ICT forerunners on manufacturing sector. For example, Cargotec already has over 250 implemented robot process automation applications. The first industrial 5G, edge-computing and AI-based machine-vision system can detect errors and guide workers online at ABB. However, there are some smaller forerunners, too. For example, Mantsinen has implemented intelligent maintenance service based on an Internet of Things (IoT) solution that feeds 50 different bus signals into the cloud about every second. This service is piloted with material handling machinery in a harbour in the UK. This leaflet focusses on Finnish manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and clarifies their digitalisation status, challenges and potential technologies. Some supportive actions are proposed. VTT’s role and means to support those SMEs will be considered in more detail soon.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2020 Finland EnglishPublisher:VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Over the last 10–20 years, the business environment has changed dramatically via enablers such as digitalization, the internet and smart mobile devices. A phenomenon originating in Silicon Valley known as the "platform economy" has caught on, and we understand it as a way of creating value and organizing layered (business or other) activities enabled by digital platforms, information and data.This report presents an interview study that explores how Finnish companies view and capitalise on opportunities in the evolving platform economy. This research problem is addressed through the following four research questions: (1) How do Finnish companies understand the concept of the platform economy in general and in their business sector? (2) What opportunities and threats do Finnish companies perceive in terms of the technological, social and political aspects of the platform economy? (3) What factors act as drivers or barriers in the process of Finnish companies entering the platform economy? (4) How do the findings from Finnish companies compare to those from the USA?
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