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  • Rural Digital Europe
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    Authors: Turner, Katherine; Camp, Janey; Laning, Nicholaas; Nurre Pinkley, Sarah; +4 Authors

    Final report for the Vanderbilt University portion of a collaborative project with collaborators at the University of Arkansas. The Vanderbilt team report focuses on the data curation and analysis to support modeling activities. This report provides an overview of the data and information that were utilized by the collaborative project team toward evaluation of the multi-modal transportation network in Arkansas and connections to agricultural applications. Here, we present the story of the “data work” as part of that project with regards to data sources, considerations for project and modeling usage, and processing. In the Results section, we present some key takeaways from the data work. Then, the Impacts and Benefits of Implementation are discussed briefly followed by Recommendations and Conclusions. For the full report on the collaborative project including the modeling analysis and outcomes, please see the companion report “Informing Post-Disaster Restoration through Modeling Interdependent Agriculture and Transportation Networks” by Nurre, et al. (2021). 

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    ZENODO
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    Authors: Lundahl, Jenny; Sobiech, Cilli; Thidevall, Niklas;

    The traffic regulations of tomorrow Traffic regulations are traditionally analogue and paper-oriented. In the future, they need to be able to be interpreted by machines. How can we ensure exchange of reliable data on traffic regulations to support technological innovation such as advanced driver assist and autonomous driving technologies? In this report, we share our knowledge on digital traffic rules – what it is, why it matters and how we get there. The transport sector is becoming increasingly connected, digitalized, and automated. The development is taking place at a rapid pace and has the potential to improve the transport system in several areas (safety, efficiency, environmental impact and accessibility). To meet this development, we need to move towards a more digitalized road infrastructure. A digital representation of the road network is becoming increasingly important. One part of this is digital and machine-readable traffic rules. In a digital world we need data on traffic rules (what applies where). Road users, citizens, companies, and other actors in our society would benefit from such data (they get access to more and clearer regulations). Data on traffic rules also provides completely new opportunities, for example more dynamic traffic regulations, which can further contribute to positive effects for the transport system and for society. It is also a necessity for the implementa-tion of autonomous driving on public roads, since automated vehicles will need a reliable digital infrastructure. Drive Sweden Policy Lab (DSPL) targets specific cases in projects of the strategic innovation program Drive Sweden. The purpose is to explore how technology and service development relate to existing laws and regulations for new mobility services that are being developed, and to identify and overcome bottlenecks. DSPL was initiated in 2019 to support technology development projects within Drive Sweden’s portfolio that had encountered regulatory challenges. New cases (subprojects) have been added since. Project partners vary by case. The independent, state-owned research institute RISE is the coordinator. In this case (or subproject), we investigate the need for improved processes and possibly new regulations on how traffic rules are prepared, decided and published. We consider possible solutions and the consequences of different solutions. Many partners have participated in this work, and a large reference group with both private and public actors. Drive Sweden är ett av 17 strategiska innovationsprogram (SIP). De strategiska innovationsprogrammen finansieras via Verket för innovationssystem (Vinnova), Forskningsrådet för miljö, areella näringar och samhällsbyggande (Formas) och Statens energimyndighet (Energimyndigheten).

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    Authors: Sala P.; Bermúdez A.; Dix R.; Laguna M.; +62 Authors

    We have reached the end of a challenging and rewarding journey, after 45 months of ACTIVAGE, this is the last report that aims at providing a taste of the huge work done by the teams at the local sites. This is a testimony of the more than 45 partners that have participated in this WP. We started with 9 DS in 7 countries and we finish with 12 DS in 9 countries, having incorporated three new DS through the open call, and expanding ACTIVAGE vision and ecosystem to Portugal and Bulgaria. We have been able to reach the target of deploying AHA-IoT solutions for more than 7.200 users, we hit the mark of 7.776 and almost 97% of the expected deployments. All DS have been able to perform the evaluation, at local and global level, generating the evidence that ACTIVAGE vision is pertinent, relevant, and effective. Details are provided in the individual results and in D6.5. By the end of the project, still 80% of participants continue operation, and almost all DS have in place sustainability plans to continue providing ACTIVAGE services in one way or another. Even in the cases where no clear plans have been possible, there are opportunities for exploiting the services and the knowledge gained in the project.

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    Authors: Diaz Nava M.; Ortiz Sanchez B.; Sala P.; Martinez A.; +21 Authors

    In order to have a complete Architecture of the ACTIVAGE platform, the device domain constituted of smart sensor and actuator nodes, gateways, connectivity and its associated protocols must be also considered. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the different devices required to implement the uses cases considered in the different Deployment sites (DSes). A systematic analysis is performed on the device, gateway, cloud and applications domains constituting each of the nine DSes. This analysis is based on several registration forms in order to gather key elements of each domain. The original goal was to collect information concerning only the device domain. However during the first months of the project, this goal changed to also include the three other domains in order to get an overall, homogenized, and rich technical information view of each DS. The additional information includes, the DS topology, the applications foreseen, the security and privacy mechanism to be implemented in the overall system, the servers used and their locations, and other information required to facilitate, in Task 3.2, the Security and Privacy assessments. Furthermore, this document gives a summary and classification of the different devices used in each DS allowing the identification of communalities, potential synergies and knowledge sharing between DSs. For the cases where, no suitable solutions are available, new devices could be prototyped in order to support a given use case with the right device or the right security protection level. Finally and in order to have a more complete document, the following aspects are also included: a list of key concepts in the device and gateway domains are explicitly defined to be shared and used in the overall project, a short introduction on the evolution of the communication systems is given in order to understand key IoT concepts at IoT architecture level and in particular at the device and gateway domains, including some security ones, and a brief market analysis on the home automation and health care devices.

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    Authors: World Bank Group;

    In 2016 the Government of Egypt (GoE) has embarked on an ambitious and much needed transition towards a better economic policy. While the macroeconomic stability and market confidence have been largely restored, the overall fiscal situation remains challenging. With limited fiscal space, solely relying on public resources to fund infrastructure investments, will no longer be a viable strategy to meet the country's needs. Building on the success of attracting private investment in renewables and natural gas sector, there is significant potential for replicating the success across other infrastructure sectors. Egypt has recognized that in order to raise competitiveness, increase investments in human capital, and sustain the benefits of the homegrown reform; it will need to continuously shift its development model towards creating an enabling environment for the private sector to invest more, export more and generate more jobs. Starting with Energy, Transport, Water and Sanitation and Agriculture, this report highlights the tremendous potential and opportunities available in each of these sectors. Additionally, it also presents a roadmap for sectoral transformation, whilst highlighting the cross-cutting enabling and functional activities required to facilitate this transition.

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    Open Knowledge Repository
    Report . 2018
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    Authors: Canzler, Weert; Knie, Andreas;

    Veränderungen auf Deutschlands Straßen sind überfällig, doch die Entwicklung stagniert: Die Zahl der privaten Autos mit Verbrennungsmotoren wächst, die Luftqualität leidet, öffentliche Plätze sind primär Verkehrsflächen – von einer Verkehrswende keine Spur. In den großen Städten aber bahnt sich ein Wechsel in der Einstellung und im Verhalten an: Immer mehr Menschen nutzen nicht mehr nur das Auto, sondern kombinieren das Rad mit Bussen und Bahnen oder nutzen Bike- oder Carsharing. Unterstützt wird diese Tendenz durch digitale Plattformen, die das Kombinieren unterschiedlicher Verkehrsmittel so einfach machen wie die Nutzung eines eigenen Pkw. Mit dem Smartphone in der Hand werden die städtischen Verkehrsmittel zu einem riesigen Fuhrpark, bei immer mehr Menschen lösen sich damit die Bindungen an ein privates Verkehrsmittel langsam auf. Damit könnte auch die Zahl der Fahrzeuge drastisch sinken, das wiederum lässt die flächendeckende Einführung von Elektrofahrzeugen zu. Werden diese darüber hinaus – wie es selbstverständlich sein sollte – mit erneuerbaren Energien betrieben, wäre die Energie- und Verkehrswende auf einem guten Weg. Doch obwohl die technischen Möglichkeiten vorhanden sind und die Präferenzen der städtischen Bevölkerung eine solche multimodale Verkehrspraxis ermöglichen, blockiert die herrschende Verkehrsordnung viele Innovationen. Der rechtliche Rahmen bleibt bislang in hohem Maße auf das private Verbrennungsauto fixiert. Die Einführung von Experimentierklauseln mit erweiterten Beteiligungsverfahren könnte dies ändern.

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    EconStor
    Report . 2018
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    Authors: Diaznava M.; Sanchez B. O.; Sala P.; Montalva J. B.; +18 Authors

    In order to have a complete Architecture of the ACTIVAGE platform, the device domain constituted of smart sensor nodes, gateways, connectivity and its associated protocols must be also considered. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the different devices required to implement the uses cases considered in the different Deployment sites (DSes). A systematic analysis is performed on the device, gateway, cloud and applications domains constituting each of the nine DSes. This analysis is based on several registration forms in order to gather key elements of each domain. The original goal was to collect information concerning only the device domain. However during the first months of the project, this goal changed to also include the three other domains in order to get an overall, homogenised, and rich technical information view of each DS. The additional information includes, the DS topology, the applications foreseen, the security and privacy mechanism to be implemented in the overall system, the servers used and their locations, and other information required to facilitate, in Task 3.2, the Security and Privacy assessments. Furthermore, this document gives a summary and classification of the different devices used in each DS allowing the identification of communalities, potential synergies and knowledge sharing between DSs. For the cases where, no suitable solutions are available, new devices could be prototyped in order to support a given use case with the right device or the right security protection level. Finally and in order to have a more complete document, the following aspects are also included: a list of key concepts in the device and gateway domains are explicitly defined to be shared and used in the overall project, a short introduction on the evolution of the communication systems are given in order to understand key IoT concepts at IoT architecture level and in particular at the device and gateway domains, including some security ones, and a brief market analysis on the home automation and health care devices.

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    Authors: Reverdin, Gilles; Thierry, Virginie; Utiz, Julia; D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio; +2 Authors

    The purpose of task 1 in WP7 in AtlantOS project is to harmonize data exchange and data processing procedures for the EOVs that are acquired by multiple networks. In this framework, the present report [D7.2] establishes recommendations for automatic quality control procedures in Near RT (a few hours to several days) for the core of 7 EOVs (measured by more than one of Networks involved in AtlantOS): • Physics : temperature (T), Salinity (T), Current for surface and subsurface and Sea level • Biogeochemistry : Oxygen (O2), Chlorophyll-A, Nitrate (NO3) and Carbon (pCO2) for surface and subsurface The recommendations have been compiled by experts on those EOVs and validated by the Networks acquiring those EOVs in NRT (link with WP2, WP3 and WP4). These recommendations will evolve with time under the EuroGOOS DATAMEQ working group umbrella (http://eurogoos.eu/data-management-exchange-quality-working-group-data-meq/) and benefit from scientific progress made by the observing Networks via the Task teams established within EuroGOOS (http://eurogoos.eu/task-teams/) These recommendations do not address the delayed mode quality control proceeses.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Iaz Nava M.; Ortiz Sanchez B.; Cuevas I.; Sala P.; +17 Authors

    This document is the deliverable D3.2.2 or D3.7 "ACTIVAGE Interoperability layer architecture" and represent the main outcome of the activity T3.1 "Specification of the open cross-pilot ACTIVAGE architecture", that is part of Work Package WP3 "ACTIVATE Secure Interoperability Layer". The present document is also tightly related to other WP3 task: T3.4 "Implementation of the interoperability layer" that integrates T3.2 "ACTIVAGE solution for security and privacy" and T3.3 "Building bridges to the IoT protocols and platforms". The overall scope of this deliverable is to present the ACTIVATE Interoperability layer architecture. The content of this deliverable can be summarized as follows: Section 1 describes the nature and the reason why this deliverable 3.2.2 has particular relevance for the ACTIVAGE project. Moreover, this section also set the objectives to the defined structure and organisation of the document, and notes the differences between the 2 versions of the deliverable (D3.2 and D3.2.2). Section 2 is an introductory section that provides a brief description about main concepts from the Internet of Things that are involved in the ACTIVAGE project. This section also addresses the potential of Internet of Things in the context of the Active and Healthy Ageing area that concerns the ACTIVAGE project. In this section, the objectives and proposals of the deliverable are explained in detail besides the challenges that must be confronted to reach the deliverable goals. Section 3 of the present document is dedicated to the IoT Platform Interoperability State of the Art. This section is fruit of an extensive research and organisational collective work, as it is described in the section below. Here the main objectives to pursue, such as the achievement of interoperability within IoT platforms, are explained. The definitions, terminology and main concepts of IoT platforms are detailed in a clear descriptive way and along with a summary of the main features of each IoT platform that is involved in the project this section represent a pivotal part for the semantic interoperability specification in the full project. Interoperability use cases of the Activage IoT Ecosystem Suite (AIoTES) are described. The last point of this section includes the architecture of the Deployment Sites. Section 4 in this deliverable addresses the Semantic Interoperability concept, and the AIoTES common data model is introduced. Section 5 presents the ACTIVAGE Architecture, on where the IoT Semantic Interoperability Layer is included as a core part of it, and its functionality and internal elements are detailed. All main components of the architecture are described in this section, as architectural building blocks. Also, the interfacing among different blocks is explained. The main objective of this part of the deliverable is shared whose first aiming to efficiently and effectively integrate the platforms and devices of the IoT-AHA Ecosystem and second to provide the guidance for deployment sites on procedures for such integration. Finally, the document ends with the conclusions and the future work.

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    Authors: World Bank;

    The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Turner, Katherine; Camp, Janey; Laning, Nicholaas; Nurre Pinkley, Sarah; +4 Authors

    Final report for the Vanderbilt University portion of a collaborative project with collaborators at the University of Arkansas. The Vanderbilt team report focuses on the data curation and analysis to support modeling activities. This report provides an overview of the data and information that were utilized by the collaborative project team toward evaluation of the multi-modal transportation network in Arkansas and connections to agricultural applications. Here, we present the story of the “data work” as part of that project with regards to data sources, considerations for project and modeling usage, and processing. In the Results section, we present some key takeaways from the data work. Then, the Impacts and Benefits of Implementation are discussed briefly followed by Recommendations and Conclusions. For the full report on the collaborative project including the modeling analysis and outcomes, please see the companion report “Informing Post-Disaster Restoration through Modeling Interdependent Agriculture and Transportation Networks” by Nurre, et al. (2021). 

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    Authors: Lundahl, Jenny; Sobiech, Cilli; Thidevall, Niklas;

    The traffic regulations of tomorrow Traffic regulations are traditionally analogue and paper-oriented. In the future, they need to be able to be interpreted by machines. How can we ensure exchange of reliable data on traffic regulations to support technological innovation such as advanced driver assist and autonomous driving technologies? In this report, we share our knowledge on digital traffic rules – what it is, why it matters and how we get there. The transport sector is becoming increasingly connected, digitalized, and automated. The development is taking place at a rapid pace and has the potential to improve the transport system in several areas (safety, efficiency, environmental impact and accessibility). To meet this development, we need to move towards a more digitalized road infrastructure. A digital representation of the road network is becoming increasingly important. One part of this is digital and machine-readable traffic rules. In a digital world we need data on traffic rules (what applies where). Road users, citizens, companies, and other actors in our society would benefit from such data (they get access to more and clearer regulations). Data on traffic rules also provides completely new opportunities, for example more dynamic traffic regulations, which can further contribute to positive effects for the transport system and for society. It is also a necessity for the implementa-tion of autonomous driving on public roads, since automated vehicles will need a reliable digital infrastructure. Drive Sweden Policy Lab (DSPL) targets specific cases in projects of the strategic innovation program Drive Sweden. The purpose is to explore how technology and service development relate to existing laws and regulations for new mobility services that are being developed, and to identify and overcome bottlenecks. DSPL was initiated in 2019 to support technology development projects within Drive Sweden’s portfolio that had encountered regulatory challenges. New cases (subprojects) have been added since. Project partners vary by case. The independent, state-owned research institute RISE is the coordinator. In this case (or subproject), we investigate the need for improved processes and possibly new regulations on how traffic rules are prepared, decided and published. We consider possible solutions and the consequences of different solutions. Many partners have participated in this work, and a large reference group with both private and public actors. Drive Sweden är ett av 17 strategiska innovationsprogram (SIP). De strategiska innovationsprogrammen finansieras via Verket för innovationssystem (Vinnova), Forskningsrådet för miljö, areella näringar och samhällsbyggande (Formas) och Statens energimyndighet (Energimyndigheten).

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    Authors: Sala P.; Bermúdez A.; Dix R.; Laguna M.; +62 Authors

    We have reached the end of a challenging and rewarding journey, after 45 months of ACTIVAGE, this is the last report that aims at providing a taste of the huge work done by the teams at the local sites. This is a testimony of the more than 45 partners that have participated in this WP. We started with 9 DS in 7 countries and we finish with 12 DS in 9 countries, having incorporated three new DS through the open call, and expanding ACTIVAGE vision and ecosystem to Portugal and Bulgaria. We have been able to reach the target of deploying AHA-IoT solutions for more than 7.200 users, we hit the mark of 7.776 and almost 97% of the expected deployments. All DS have been able to perform the evaluation, at local and global level, generating the evidence that ACTIVAGE vision is pertinent, relevant, and effective. Details are provided in the individual results and in D6.5. By the end of the project, still 80% of participants continue operation, and almost all DS have in place sustainability plans to continue providing ACTIVAGE services in one way or another. Even in the cases where no clear plans have been possible, there are opportunities for exploiting the services and the knowledge gained in the project.

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    Authors: Diaz Nava M.; Ortiz Sanchez B.; Sala P.; Martinez A.; +21 Authors

    In order to have a complete Architecture of the ACTIVAGE platform, the device domain constituted of smart sensor and actuator nodes, gateways, connectivity and its associated protocols must be also considered. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the different devices required to implement the uses cases considered in the different Deployment sites (DSes). A systematic analysis is performed on the device, gateway, cloud and applications domains constituting each of the nine DSes. This analysis is based on several registration forms in order to gather key elements of each domain. The original goal was to collect information concerning only the device domain. However during the first months of the project, this goal changed to also include the three other domains in order to get an overall, homogenized, and rich technical information view of each DS. The additional information includes, the DS topology, the applications foreseen, the security and privacy mechanism to be implemented in the overall system, the servers used and their locations, and other information required to facilitate, in Task 3.2, the Security and Privacy assessments. Furthermore, this document gives a summary and classification of the different devices used in each DS allowing the identification of communalities, potential synergies and knowledge sharing between DSs. For the cases where, no suitable solutions are available, new devices could be prototyped in order to support a given use case with the right device or the right security protection level. Finally and in order to have a more complete document, the following aspects are also included: a list of key concepts in the device and gateway domains are explicitly defined to be shared and used in the overall project, a short introduction on the evolution of the communication systems is given in order to understand key IoT concepts at IoT architecture level and in particular at the device and gateway domains, including some security ones, and a brief market analysis on the home automation and health care devices.

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    Authors: World Bank Group;

    In 2016 the Government of Egypt (GoE) has embarked on an ambitious and much needed transition towards a better economic policy. While the macroeconomic stability and market confidence have been largely restored, the overall fiscal situation remains challenging. With limited fiscal space, solely relying on public resources to fund infrastructure investments, will no longer be a viable strategy to meet the country's needs. Building on the success of attracting private investment in renewables and natural gas sector, there is significant potential for replicating the success across other infrastructure sectors. Egypt has recognized that in order to raise competitiveness, increase investments in human capital, and sustain the benefits of the homegrown reform; it will need to continuously shift its development model towards creating an enabling environment for the private sector to invest more, export more and generate more jobs. Starting with Energy, Transport, Water and Sanitation and Agriculture, this report highlights the tremendous potential and opportunities available in each of these sectors. Additionally, it also presents a roadmap for sectoral transformation, whilst highlighting the cross-cutting enabling and functional activities required to facilitate this transition.

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    Open Knowledge Repository
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    Authors: Canzler, Weert; Knie, Andreas;

    Veränderungen auf Deutschlands Straßen sind überfällig, doch die Entwicklung stagniert: Die Zahl der privaten Autos mit Verbrennungsmotoren wächst, die Luftqualität leidet, öffentliche Plätze sind primär Verkehrsflächen – von einer Verkehrswende keine Spur. In den großen Städten aber bahnt sich ein Wechsel in der Einstellung und im Verhalten an: Immer mehr Menschen nutzen nicht mehr nur das Auto, sondern kombinieren das Rad mit Bussen und Bahnen oder nutzen Bike- oder Carsharing. Unterstützt wird diese Tendenz durch digitale Plattformen, die das Kombinieren unterschiedlicher Verkehrsmittel so einfach machen wie die Nutzung eines eigenen Pkw. Mit dem Smartphone in der Hand werden die städtischen Verkehrsmittel zu einem riesigen Fuhrpark, bei immer mehr Menschen lösen sich damit die Bindungen an ein privates Verkehrsmittel langsam auf. Damit könnte auch die Zahl der Fahrzeuge drastisch sinken, das wiederum lässt die flächendeckende Einführung von Elektrofahrzeugen zu. Werden diese darüber hinaus – wie es selbstverständlich sein sollte – mit erneuerbaren Energien betrieben, wäre die Energie- und Verkehrswende auf einem guten Weg. Doch obwohl die technischen Möglichkeiten vorhanden sind und die Präferenzen der städtischen Bevölkerung eine solche multimodale Verkehrspraxis ermöglichen, blockiert die herrschende Verkehrsordnung viele Innovationen. Der rechtliche Rahmen bleibt bislang in hohem Maße auf das private Verbrennungsauto fixiert. Die Einführung von Experimentierklauseln mit erweiterten Beteiligungsverfahren könnte dies ändern.

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    EconStor
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    Authors: Diaznava M.; Sanchez B. O.; Sala P.; Montalva J. B.; +18 Authors

    In order to have a complete Architecture of the ACTIVAGE platform, the device domain constituted of smart sensor nodes, gateways, connectivity and its associated protocols must be also considered. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the different devices required to implement the uses cases considered in the different Deployment sites (DSes). A systematic analysis is performed on the device, gateway, cloud and applications domains constituting each of the nine DSes. This analysis is based on several registration forms in order to gather key elements of each domain. The original goal was to collect information concerning only the device domain. However during the first months of the project, this goal changed to also include the three other domains in order to get an overall, homogenised, and rich technical information view of each DS. The additional information includes, the DS topology, the applications foreseen, the security and privacy mechanism to be implemented in the overall system, the servers used and their locations, and other information required to facilitate, in Task 3.2, the Security and Privacy assessments. Furthermore, this document gives a summary and classification of the different devices used in each DS allowing the identification of communalities, potential synergies and knowledge sharing between DSs. For the cases where, no suitable solutions are available, new devices could be prototyped in order to support a given use case with the right device or the right security protection level. Finally and in order to have a more complete document, the following aspects are also included: a list of key concepts in the device and gateway domains are explicitly defined to be shared and used in the overall project, a short introduction on the evolution of the communication systems are given in order to understand key IoT concepts at IoT architecture level and in particular at the device and gateway domains, including some security ones, and a brief market analysis on the home automation and health care devices.

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    Authors: Reverdin, Gilles; Thierry, Virginie; Utiz, Julia; D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio; +2 Authors

    The purpose of task 1 in WP7 in AtlantOS project is to harmonize data exchange and data processing procedures for the EOVs that are acquired by multiple networks. In this framework, the present report [D7.2] establishes recommendations for automatic quality control procedures in Near RT (a few hours to several days) for the core of 7 EOVs (measured by more than one of Networks involved in AtlantOS): • Physics : temperature (T), Salinity (T), Current for surface and subsurface and Sea level • Biogeochemistry : Oxygen (O2), Chlorophyll-A, Nitrate (NO3) and Carbon (pCO2) for surface and subsurface The recommendations have been compiled by experts on those EOVs and validated by the Networks acquiring those EOVs in NRT (link with WP2, WP3 and WP4). These recommendations will evolve with time under the EuroGOOS DATAMEQ working group umbrella (http://eurogoos.eu/data-management-exchange-quality-working-group-data-meq/) and benefit from scientific progress made by the observing Networks via the Task teams established within EuroGOOS (http://eurogoos.eu/task-teams/) These recommendations do not address the delayed mode quality control proceeses.

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    Authors: Iaz Nava M.; Ortiz Sanchez B.; Cuevas I.; Sala P.; +17 Authors

    This document is the deliverable D3.2.2 or D3.7 "ACTIVAGE Interoperability layer architecture" and represent the main outcome of the activity T3.1 "Specification of the open cross-pilot ACTIVAGE architecture", that is part of Work Package WP3 "ACTIVATE Secure Interoperability Layer". The present document is also tightly related to other WP3 task: T3.4 "Implementation of the interoperability layer" that integrates T3.2 "ACTIVAGE solution for security and privacy" and T3.3 "Building bridges to the IoT protocols and platforms". The overall scope of this deliverable is to present the ACTIVATE Interoperability layer architecture. The content of this deliverable can be summarized as follows: Section 1 describes the nature and the reason why this deliverable 3.2.2 has particular relevance for the ACTIVAGE project. Moreover, this section also set the objectives to the defined structure and organisation of the document, and notes the differences between the 2 versions of the deliverable (D3.2 and D3.2.2). Section 2 is an introductory section that provides a brief description about main concepts from the Internet of Things that are involved in the ACTIVAGE project. This section also addresses the potential of Internet of Things in the context of the Active and Healthy Ageing area that concerns the ACTIVAGE project. In this section, the objectives and proposals of the deliverable are explained in detail besides the challenges that must be confronted to reach the deliverable goals. Section 3 of the present document is dedicated to the IoT Platform Interoperability State of the Art. This section is fruit of an extensive research and organisational collective work, as it is described in the section below. Here the main objectives to pursue, such as the achievement of interoperability within IoT platforms, are explained. The definitions, terminology and main concepts of IoT platforms are detailed in a clear descriptive way and along with a summary of the main features of each IoT platform that is involved in the project this section represent a pivotal part for the semantic interoperability specification in the full project. Interoperability use cases of the Activage IoT Ecosystem Suite (AIoTES) are described. The last point of this section includes the architecture of the Deployment Sites. Section 4 in this deliverable addresses the Semantic Interoperability concept, and the AIoTES common data model is introduced. Section 5 presents the ACTIVAGE Architecture, on where the IoT Semantic Interoperability Layer is included as a core part of it, and its functionality and internal elements are detailed. All main components of the architecture are described in this section, as architectural building blocks. Also, the interfacing among different blocks is explained. The main objective of this part of the deliverable is shared whose first aiming to efficiently and effectively integrate the platforms and devices of the IoT-AHA Ecosystem and second to provide the guidance for deployment sites on procedures for such integration. Finally, the document ends with the conclusions and the future work.

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    Authors: World Bank;

    The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports.

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    Open Knowledge Repository
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