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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2023 Italy, FrancePublisher:Manara - Qatar Research Repository Corradetti, Amerigo; Spina, V; Tavani, Stefano; Ringenbach, JC; Sabbatino, Monia; Razin, P; Laurent, O; Brichau, S; Mazzoli, Stefano;handle: 11368/2989484 , 11581/446736 , 11588/820052
Mountain building in the Al-Hajar Mountains (NE Oman) occurred during two major shortening stages, related to the convergence between Africa–Arabia and Eurasia, separated by nearly 30 Ma of tectonic quiescence. Most of the shortening was accommodated during the Late Cretaceous, when northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean was followed by the ophiolites obduction on top of the former Mesozoic margin. This shortening event lasted until the latest Santonian – early Campanian. Maastrichtian to Eocene carbonates unconformably overlie the eroded nappes and seal the Cretaceous foredeep. These neo-autochthonous post-nappe sedimentary rocks were deformed, along with the underlying Cretaceous tectonic pile, during the second shortening event, itself including two main exhumation stages. In this study we combine remotely sensed structural data, seismic interpretation, field-based structural investigations and apatite (U–Th)/He (AHe) cooling ages to obtain new insights into the Cenozoic deformation stage. Seismic interpretation indicates the occurrence of a late Eocene flexural basin, later deformed by an Oligocene thrusting event, during which the post-nappe succession and the underlying Cretaceous nappes of the internal foredeep were uplifted. This stage was followed by folding of the post-nappe succession during the Miocene. AHe data from detrital siliciclastic deposits in the frontal area of the mountain chain provide cooling ages spanning from 17.3 to 42 Ma, consistent with available data for the structural culminations of Oman. Our work points out how renewal of flexural subsidence in the foredeep and uplift of the mountain belt were coeval processes, followed by layer-parallel shortening preceding final fold amplification. Other information Published in: Geological Magazine License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0016756819001250
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.57945/manara.22109939&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:NIH | New Approaches for Empowe..., NIH | Improving Inference of Ge..., ANR | CHESSNIH| New Approaches for Empowering Studies of Asthma in Populations of African Descent ,NIH| Improving Inference of Genetic Architecture and Selection with African Genomes ,ANR| CHESSShyamalika Gopalan; Richard E.W. Berl; Justin W. Myrick; Zachary H. Garfield; Austin W. Reynolds; Barnabas K. Bafens; Gillian Belbin; Mira Mastoras; Cole Williams; Michelle Daya; Akmel N. Negash; Marcus W. Feldman; Barry S. Hewlett; Brenna M. Henn;pmc: PMC9050894
The fate of hunting and gathering populations following the rise of agriculture and pastoralism remains a topic of debate in the study of human prehistory. Studies of ancient and modern genomes have found that autochthonous groups were largely replaced by expanding farmer populations with varying levels of gene flow, a characterization that is influenced by the almost universal focus on the European Neolithic(1–5). We sought to understand the demographic impact of an ongoing shift to farming in Southwest Ethiopia, one of the last regions in Africa to experience such shifts(6). Importantly, Southwest Ethiopia is home to several of the world’s remaining hunter-gatherer groups, including the Chabu people, who are currently transitioning away from their traditional mode of subsistence(7). We generated genome-wide data from the Chabu and four neighboring populations, the Majang, Shekkacho, Bench, and Sheko, to characterize their genetic ancestry and estimate their effective population sizes throughout the last 60 generations. We show that the Chabu are a distinct population closely related to ancient peoples who occupied Southwest Ethiopia >4,500 years ago. Furthermore, the Chabu are undergoing a severe population bottleneck which began approximately 1,400 years ago. In studying eleven Eastern African populations, we find evidence for divergent demographic trajectories among hunter-gatherer-descendant groups. Our results illustrate that although foragers respond to encroaching agriculture and pastoralism with multiple strategies, including cultural adoption of agropastoralism, gene flow and economic specialization, they often face population decline.
Current Biology arrow_drop_down Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsCurrent BiologyArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier Non-CommercialData sources: CrossrefHAL-Pasteur; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2022License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03811234/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2022.03.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Current Biology arrow_drop_down Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsCurrent BiologyArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier Non-CommercialData sources: CrossrefHAL-Pasteur; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2022License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03811234/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2022.03.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021 Sweden, FrancePublisher:MDPI AG Md. Siddikur Rahman; Tipaya Ekalaksananan; Sumaira Zafar; Petchaboon Poolphol; Oleg V. Shipin; Ubydul Haque; Richard Paul; Joacim Rocklöv; Chamsai Pientong; Hans J. Overgaard;Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue globally. The variables that influence the abundance of dengue vectors are numerous and complex. This has generated a need to focus on areas at risk of disease transmission, the spatial-temporal distribution of vectors, and the factors that modulate vector abundance. To help guide and improve vector-control efforts, this study identified the ecological, social, and other environmental risk factors that affect the abundance of adult female and immature Ae. aegypti in households in urban and rural areas of northeastern Thailand. A one-year entomological study was conducted in four villages of northeastern Thailand between January and December, 2019. Socio-demographic and climate data were collected. Household crowding index (HCI), premise condition index (PCI), socio-economic status (SES), and entomological indices (HI, CI, BI, and PI) were calculated. Negative binomial generalized linear models (GLMs) were fitted to identify the risk factors associated with the abundance of adult females and immature Ae. aegypti. Urban sites had higher entomological indices and numbers of adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes than rural sites. Overall, participants’ KAP about climate change and dengue were low in both settings. The fitted GLM showed that a higher abundance of adult female Ae. aegypti was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with many factors, such as a low education level of household respondents, crowded households, poor premise conditions, surrounding house density, bathrooms located indoors, unscreened windows, high numbers of wet containers, a lack of adult control, prior dengue infections, poor climate change adaptation, dengue, and vector-related practices. Many of the above were also significantly associated with a high abundance of immature mosquito stages. The GLM model also showed that maximum and mean temperature with four-and one-to-two weeks of lag were significant predictors (p < 0.05) of the abundance of adult and immature mosquitoes, respectively, in northeastern Thailand. The low KAP regarding climate change and dengue highlights the engagement needs for vector-borne disease prevention in this region. The identified risk factors are important for the critical first step toward developing routine Aedes surveillance and reliable early warning systems for effective dengue and other mosquito-borne disease prevention and control strategies at the household and community levels in this region and similar settings elsewhere. knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding climate change and dengue self-reported prior dengue infections characteristics of water containers durable asset ownership housing conditions water management
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8199701Data sources: PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5971/pdfInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticleLicense: CC BYData sources: UnpayWallInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: Europe PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: DOAJ-Articlesadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 22 citations 22 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8199701Data sources: PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5971/pdfInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticleLicense: CC BYData sources: UnpayWallInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: Europe PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: DOAJ-Articlesadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/ijerph18115971&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Article 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Kong, R.; Castella, Jean-Christophe;Kong, R.; Castella, Jean-Christophe;Abstract CONTEXT The Northwestern uplands of Cambodia underwent a massive land conversion from forest to agriculture over the last 15 years. OBJECTIVE Our study conducted in Rotonak Mondol District, Battambang Province aimed at understanding farm diversity, trajectory, performance and capacity to innovate in order to identify effective interventions in a rapidly changing pioneer front. METHODS Based on a survey of 365 randomly selected households, we identified 4 main farm types by a combination of Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The survey was complemented with detailed analyses of resource use, labor management, economic productivity and adoption of innovative practices on 95 households. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The livelihood of Paddy Farms (20%) is centered on a rice-cattle combination with off-farm activities and annual upland crop farming providing cash income. The Large Farms (20%) specialize in intensive and mechanized upland crops, including orchards. The Small Farms (25%) have a diverse activity portfolio including paddy, annual upland crops, and off-farm activities. The livelihood of the Off-Farm type (35%) is largely based on low-income off-farm activities. We identified the time of arrival, initial cash and labor, relationship with local authorities, and/or social connections as key factors determining farm structures and livelihoods. This, in turn, determined farm capacities to accumulate resources during the maize boom that occurred in this region between 2006 and 2011. Based on our analysis of farm diversity, we identified interventions suitable to each farm type and opportunities for on-farm innovation through risk buffering mechanisms and strengthening of social organizations. SIGNIFICANCE Like in other pioneer fronts beyond our case study in Cambodia, a reorganization of the agricultural systems is required to support the shift from essentially individualistic behaviors to more concerted actions. The emergence of new institutions, such as farmer groups and cooperatives, can build upon the specific capacity and needs of the different types of farming systems to innovate.
Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03145105/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103067&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03145105/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103067&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Anis Gasmi; Cécile Gomez; Philippe Lagacherie; Hédi Zouari; Ahmed Laamrani; Abdelghani Chehbouni;Abstract Visible, near-infrared and short wave infrared (VNIR/SWIR, 400–2500 nm) remote sensing imagery is a useful tool for topsoil property mapping, but limited to bare soils pixels. With the increasing amount of freely available VNIR/SWIR satellite imagery (e.g. Landsat TM, ETM+, OLI and Sentinel-2A/B), extensive time series data can be exploited to increase the spatial coverage of bare soil derived information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of using a bare soil image created from the mean spectral reflectance from bare soil pixels along a time series, compared to a single-date image. The benefits were analyzed in term of (i) proportion of soil mapping and (ii) accuracy of clay content prediction. The study was conducted over the Cap-Bon region (Northern Tunisia) which is a pedologically contrasted and cultivated area. To this end, 262 topsoil samples and three Landsat-TM images acquired during the summer season were used. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models based on the multi-date and single-date Landsat-derived spectral dataset were performed to quantify clay soil content. Our results have shown that (1) a bare soil image created from only mean spectral reflectance from common bare soil pixels along a time series provided the best accuracy of clay content prediction (i.e., coefficient of determination of validation R val 2 of 0.75, a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 88 g/kg) with a moderate bare soil coverage (i.e., 23% of the study area); (2) a bare soil image created from a mix of mean spectral reflectance from common bare soil pixels along a time series and of spectral reflectance from bare soil pixels of single-date images provided acceptable accuracy of clay content prediction (i.e., R val 2 = 0.64, RMSEP = 109 g/kg) with a relatively high bare soil coverage (i.e., 44% of the study area); and (3) all the bare soil images provided similar spatial structures of the clay content predictions. With the actual availability of the VNIR/SWIR satellite imagery for the entire globe, this study offer a simple and accurate method for delivering accurate soil property maps over large areas, to the geoscience community.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114864&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu21 citations 21 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114864&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Narindra H. Rakotovao; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Sylvain Deffontaines; +7 AuthorsNarindra H. Rakotovao; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Sylvain Deffontaines; Syndhia Mathé; Mamonjiniaina Andriamirajo Ramarofidy; Tsifera Henintsoa Rakotoniamonjy; Adrien Lepage; Cargele Masso; Alain Albrecht; Tantely M. Razafimbelo;International audience; Rural development projects to develop sustainable agriculture need to be assessed before engaging smallholder farmers at large scale. Data on agricultural systems to produce food, provide income for smallholders and reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Here, we assessed the potential of agroecological practices (AP) on economic benefits to farmers, GHG balance derived from agricultural activities, and efficiency of economic investments to mitigate GHG. The study was based on a NGO rural development project, which promoted AP: agroforestry, compost, and System of Rice Intensification. The economic and GHG mitigation benefits were projected over a period of 20 years on three scenarios. Two scenarios, differing by two expected levels of AP adoption, were compared to a reference one, in which there was no NGO intervention. Socio-economic, yield and soil data were gathered on 192 farms during five growing seasons (2013–2018). The GHG balance was estimated with TropiC Farm Tool and EX-ACT. The GHG emissions were reduced in both scenarios compared to the reference one: −5.2 to −13.6 tCO2eq farm−1 yr−1 for scenario 1 and 2 respectively. At the regional scale, the projected amount of C saved per euro invested was estimated at −0.25 tCO2eq euro−1 and -0.41 tCO2eq Euro−1 (or € 4 to 2.5 tCO2eq−1) under scenario 1 and scenario 2. The annual cash flow of farmers increased over the 20 years. Our study highlighted the potential of AP for increasing productivity and profitability of smallholder agricultural systems for the Malagasy farmers, while simultaneously contributing to climate change mitigation.
Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down AgritropArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://agritrop.cirad.fr/597126/7/597126.pdfData sources: AgritropJournal of Cleaner ProductionArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125220&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down AgritropArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://agritrop.cirad.fr/597126/7/597126.pdfData sources: AgritropJournal of Cleaner ProductionArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125220&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type 2021 France FrenchPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: GOLDSTEIN, Arthur;GOLDSTEIN, Arthur;Les microbes des sols sont utiles à l’agriculture : ils aident les plantes à acquérir des nutriments, dégradent les déchets, protègent les plantations contre les pathogènes… Comprendre les interactions entre les microorganismes, les plantes et les autres éléments du sol pourrait permettre de gagner en productivité tout en préservant l’environnement. Dans cet optique, un des enjeux en agronomie est d’être capable de caractériser les communautés microbiennes des sols de manière fonctionnelle ; c’est-à-dire de quantifier les services qu’elles peuvent rendre à l’agriculture et à la société de manière générale. Par exemple, un « bon » microbiote d’un point de vue fonctionnel protégera les plantes des maladies et les aidera à acquérir des nutriments, il dégradera les éventuels polluants néfastes et limitera les efflux de gaz à effet de serre. Pour mener cette caractérisation, l’identification et l’analyse génétique des microbiotes ne suffisent pas ; des outils technologiques manquent.Nous avons choisi de nous occuper de ce problème en exploitant une technologie qui n’avait pas été employée jusqu’ici en agriculture : la millifluidique de gouttes, qui consiste à manipuler des gouttes de quelques centaines de nanolitres, séparées les unes des autres par une phase huileuse. En l’occurrence, nous avons utilisé l’automate de culture microbiologique en gouttes de la startup MilliDrop. Nous avons étudié une fonction : la capacité à solubiliser le phosphate du sol, un nutriment essentiel aux plantes. Nous avons adapté la recette d’un milieu de culture utilisé depuis plus de 70 ans : le milieu Pikovskaya. Il contient des particules de phosphate de calcium et nous avons dû mener un travail de formulation physico-chimique important pour transférer ces particules en gouttes et les y maintenir dispersées. Nous avons par ailleurs ajouté au milieu deux sondes fluorescentes qui nous ont permis de suivre à la fois le pH de nos gouttes et l’activité respiratoire. Ce protocole expérimental prêt, nous l’avons appliqué à une douzaine de sols agricoles.Grâce à la fluorescence de la résazurine, notre sonde d’activité respiratoire, nous avons estimé la concentration en cellules cultivables dans nos échantillons. Nous avons montré que l’on obtenait en tendance le même nombre de microorganismes avec notre méthode en gouttes qu’avec la méthode classique de dénombrement de colonies sur boîtes de Petri.En exploitant un bloc optique conçu pour notre projet, nous avons pu mener des mesures de néphélométrie (scattering) en gouttes et évaluer la capacité de nos microorganismes à faire baisser ce signal, ce que nous interprétons au moins partiellement comme la capacité des microorganismes à solubiliser le phosphate. Grâce à notre sonde pH, nous avons pu montrer que la baisse du signal de scattering était associée à une chute du pH sous 5,8 (qui correspond au pH théorique en-dessous duquel les particules se dissolvent par seul effet de l’acidité) dans environ 90% des gouttes. Il est possible que parmi les 10% des gouttes restantes, on trouve des microorganismes qui sécrètent de grandes quantités de chélatants, ce qui représente un intérêt agricole particulier. On trouve systématiquement plus de microorganismes solubilisateurs en gouttes qu’avec la méthode traditionnelle sur boîte de Petri, sans pour autant avoir de corrélation entre ces deux modes de mesure. Si différentes hypothèses pourraient être testées pour éclaircir ce phénomène, nos résultats remettent en question le test traditionnel sur boîtes.Notre protocole est rapide et simple : nos expériences ont pu être réalisées par une technicienne non spécialisée, le traitement de données est automatisable et une demi-heure de travail suffit à analyser quatre sols (plus avec de prochaines versions de la machine). Les résultats en gouttes sont obtenus sept fois plus vite que ceux sur boîtes de Petri. Cela fait de notre protocole un candidat pour devenir un test fonctionnel utilisé à grande échelle. Soil microbes are useful in agriculture: they help plants to acquire nutrients, degrade waste, protect crops against pathogens, etc. Understanding the interactions between microorganisms, plants and other soil elements could help increase productivity while preserving the environment. From this perspective, one of the challenges in agronomy is to be able to characterize soil microbial communities in a functional manner; that is, to quantify the services they can render to agriculture and society in general. For example, a "good" microbiota from a functional point of view will protect plants from diseases and help them acquire nutrients, degrade harmful pollutants and limit the influx of greenhouse gases. To carry out this characterization, the identification and genetic analysis of microbiotes is not sufficient; technological tools are lacking.We chose to address this problem by exploiting a technology that has not been used in agriculture until now: droplets millifluidics, which consists in manipulating drops of a few hundred nanoliters, separated from each other by an oily phase. In this case, we used the automated microbiological drop culture system from MilliDrop, a startup from our lab. We studied one function: the ability to solubilize soil phosphate, an essential plant nutrient. We adapted the recipe of a culture medium used for more than 70 years: Pikovskaya medium. It contains particles of calcium phosphate and we had to carry out an important physicochemical formulation work to transfer these particles into drops and keep them dispersed. We also added two fluorescent probes to the medium that allowed us to monitor both the pH of our drops and the respiratory activity. Once the experimental protocol was ready, we applied it to a dozen agricultural soils.Thanks to the fluorescence of resazurin, our respiratory activity probe, we estimated the concentration of cultivable cells in our samples. We showed that the same number of microorganisms was obtained in trend with our drop method as with the classical method of counting colonies on Petri dishes.By using an optical block designed for our project, we have been able to conduct optical scattering measurements in drops and evaluate the ability of our microorganisms to lower this signal, which we interpret at least partially as the ability of the microorganisms to solubilize phosphate. Thanks to our pH probe, we were able to show that the fall of the scattering signal was associated with a pH fall below 5.8 (which corresponds to the theoretical pH below which particles dissolve by the sole effect of acidity) in about 90% of the drops. It is possible that among the remaining 10% of the drops there are microorganisms that secrete large quantities of chelating agents, which is of particular agricultural interest. There are systematically more solubilizing microorganisms in the drops than with the traditional Petri dish method, but there is no correlation between these two methods of measurement. While different hypotheses could be tested to clarify this phenomenon, our results call into question the traditional test on plates.Our protocol is quick and simple: our experiments were carried out by a non-specialized technician; data processing can be automated, and half an hour of work is enough to analyze four soils (more with future versions of the machine). The results in drops are obtained seven times faster than those on Petri dishes. This makes our protocol a candidate to become a functional test used on a large scale.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______9631::f12bb487f40081e68fdcb3281fd073f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Informa UK Limited B. Sebbar; Aicha Moumni; Abderrahman Lahrouni; A. Chehbouni; T. Belghazi; B. Maksoudi;Argania spinosa also known as the argan tree is an endemic plant of Morocco. Despite having the ability to subsist in extreme drought conditions, it is threatened by soil land clearing, overexploitation, and absence of natural regeneration, causing a worrying decline in both spatial extent and density. The spatial extent of dryland forests is debated, as estimates of forest areas in drylands are uncertain. The present study aims to map and locate the spatial distribution of the argan trees at Smimou community located in Essaouira province, south-eastern Morocco, using satellite images and a double-classification process to overcome separability problems. The work focuses on the characterization and comparison of the unique phenological patterns of argan with the other present land-cover classes. NDVI products were derived from a Sentinel-2 time-series covering one year (2018 to 2019), then ground samples were used to extract phenological profiles at parcel level then at tree level, to feed representative calibration samples to Support Vector Machine classifier. The outcome was integrated with an elevation model in a Decision Tree to reclassify mixed areas. The results indicated an F1-score and an overall accuracy of 91.27% and 92.60% respectively, a promising technique for updating argan extent at national scale.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 3 citations 3 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Cyril Fouillet; Isabelle Guérin; Jean-Michel Servet;Cyril Fouillet; Isabelle Guérin; Jean-Michel Servet;Available online 15 dec 2020 International audience
Telecommunications P... arrow_drop_down Telecommunications PolicyArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefHAL-ENS-LYON; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03493830/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.telpol.2020.102079&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 19 citations 19 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Telecommunications P... arrow_drop_down Telecommunications PolicyArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefHAL-ENS-LYON; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03493830/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:MDPI AG Thuy Thu Doan; Phimmasone Sisouvanh; Thanyakan Sengkhrua; Supranee Sritumboon; Cornelia Rumpel; Pascal Jouquet; Nicolas Bottinelli;Organic amendments may improve the quality of acidic tropical agricultural soils with low organic carbon contents under conventional management (mineral fertilization and irrigation) in Southeast Asia. We investigated the effect of biochar, compost and their combination on maize growth and yield, soil physical, biological and chemical properties at harvesting time at four sites in three countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. Treatments consisted of 10 t·ha−1 cow manure compost and 7 t·ha−1 of Bamboo biochar and their combination. Maize biomass production and cop yields were recorded for two seasons. Elemental content, pH and nutrient availability of soils were analyzed after the first growing season. We also characterized macrofauna abundance and water infiltration. Few changes were noted for maize biomass production and maize cop yield. Soil chemical parameters showed contrasting, site-specific results. Compost and biochar amendments increased soil organic carbon, pH, total K and N, P and K availability especially for sandy soils in Thailand. The combination of both amendments could reduce nutrient availability as compared to compost only treatments. Physical and biological parameters showed no treatment response. We conclude that the addition of compost, biochar and their mixture to tropical soils have site-specific short-term effects on chemical soil parameters. Their short-term effect on plants is thus mainly related to nutrient input. The site-dependent results despite similar crops, fertilization and irrigation practices suggest that inherent soil parameters and optimization of organic amendment application to specific pedoclimatic conditions need future attention.
Agronomy arrow_drop_down AgronomyOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/348/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Agronomy arrow_drop_down AgronomyOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/348/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2023 Italy, FrancePublisher:Manara - Qatar Research Repository Corradetti, Amerigo; Spina, V; Tavani, Stefano; Ringenbach, JC; Sabbatino, Monia; Razin, P; Laurent, O; Brichau, S; Mazzoli, Stefano;handle: 11368/2989484 , 11581/446736 , 11588/820052
Mountain building in the Al-Hajar Mountains (NE Oman) occurred during two major shortening stages, related to the convergence between Africa–Arabia and Eurasia, separated by nearly 30 Ma of tectonic quiescence. Most of the shortening was accommodated during the Late Cretaceous, when northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean was followed by the ophiolites obduction on top of the former Mesozoic margin. This shortening event lasted until the latest Santonian – early Campanian. Maastrichtian to Eocene carbonates unconformably overlie the eroded nappes and seal the Cretaceous foredeep. These neo-autochthonous post-nappe sedimentary rocks were deformed, along with the underlying Cretaceous tectonic pile, during the second shortening event, itself including two main exhumation stages. In this study we combine remotely sensed structural data, seismic interpretation, field-based structural investigations and apatite (U–Th)/He (AHe) cooling ages to obtain new insights into the Cenozoic deformation stage. Seismic interpretation indicates the occurrence of a late Eocene flexural basin, later deformed by an Oligocene thrusting event, during which the post-nappe succession and the underlying Cretaceous nappes of the internal foredeep were uplifted. This stage was followed by folding of the post-nappe succession during the Miocene. AHe data from detrital siliciclastic deposits in the frontal area of the mountain chain provide cooling ages spanning from 17.3 to 42 Ma, consistent with available data for the structural culminations of Oman. Our work points out how renewal of flexural subsidence in the foredeep and uplift of the mountain belt were coeval processes, followed by layer-parallel shortening preceding final fold amplification. Other information Published in: Geological Magazine License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0016756819001250
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.57945/manara.22109939&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:NIH | New Approaches for Empowe..., NIH | Improving Inference of Ge..., ANR | CHESSNIH| New Approaches for Empowering Studies of Asthma in Populations of African Descent ,NIH| Improving Inference of Genetic Architecture and Selection with African Genomes ,ANR| CHESSShyamalika Gopalan; Richard E.W. Berl; Justin W. Myrick; Zachary H. Garfield; Austin W. Reynolds; Barnabas K. Bafens; Gillian Belbin; Mira Mastoras; Cole Williams; Michelle Daya; Akmel N. Negash; Marcus W. Feldman; Barry S. Hewlett; Brenna M. Henn;pmc: PMC9050894
The fate of hunting and gathering populations following the rise of agriculture and pastoralism remains a topic of debate in the study of human prehistory. Studies of ancient and modern genomes have found that autochthonous groups were largely replaced by expanding farmer populations with varying levels of gene flow, a characterization that is influenced by the almost universal focus on the European Neolithic(1–5). We sought to understand the demographic impact of an ongoing shift to farming in Southwest Ethiopia, one of the last regions in Africa to experience such shifts(6). Importantly, Southwest Ethiopia is home to several of the world’s remaining hunter-gatherer groups, including the Chabu people, who are currently transitioning away from their traditional mode of subsistence(7). We generated genome-wide data from the Chabu and four neighboring populations, the Majang, Shekkacho, Bench, and Sheko, to characterize their genetic ancestry and estimate their effective population sizes throughout the last 60 generations. We show that the Chabu are a distinct population closely related to ancient peoples who occupied Southwest Ethiopia >4,500 years ago. Furthermore, the Chabu are undergoing a severe population bottleneck which began approximately 1,400 years ago. In studying eleven Eastern African populations, we find evidence for divergent demographic trajectories among hunter-gatherer-descendant groups. Our results illustrate that although foragers respond to encroaching agriculture and pastoralism with multiple strategies, including cultural adoption of agropastoralism, gene flow and economic specialization, they often face population decline.
Current Biology arrow_drop_down Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsCurrent BiologyArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier Non-CommercialData sources: CrossrefHAL-Pasteur; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2022License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03811234/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2022.03.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Current Biology arrow_drop_down Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Toulouse 1 Capitole PublicationsCurrent BiologyArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier Non-CommercialData sources: CrossrefHAL-Pasteur; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2022License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03811234/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2022.03.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021 Sweden, FrancePublisher:MDPI AG Md. Siddikur Rahman; Tipaya Ekalaksananan; Sumaira Zafar; Petchaboon Poolphol; Oleg V. Shipin; Ubydul Haque; Richard Paul; Joacim Rocklöv; Chamsai Pientong; Hans J. Overgaard;Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue globally. The variables that influence the abundance of dengue vectors are numerous and complex. This has generated a need to focus on areas at risk of disease transmission, the spatial-temporal distribution of vectors, and the factors that modulate vector abundance. To help guide and improve vector-control efforts, this study identified the ecological, social, and other environmental risk factors that affect the abundance of adult female and immature Ae. aegypti in households in urban and rural areas of northeastern Thailand. A one-year entomological study was conducted in four villages of northeastern Thailand between January and December, 2019. Socio-demographic and climate data were collected. Household crowding index (HCI), premise condition index (PCI), socio-economic status (SES), and entomological indices (HI, CI, BI, and PI) were calculated. Negative binomial generalized linear models (GLMs) were fitted to identify the risk factors associated with the abundance of adult females and immature Ae. aegypti. Urban sites had higher entomological indices and numbers of adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes than rural sites. Overall, participants’ KAP about climate change and dengue were low in both settings. The fitted GLM showed that a higher abundance of adult female Ae. aegypti was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with many factors, such as a low education level of household respondents, crowded households, poor premise conditions, surrounding house density, bathrooms located indoors, unscreened windows, high numbers of wet containers, a lack of adult control, prior dengue infections, poor climate change adaptation, dengue, and vector-related practices. Many of the above were also significantly associated with a high abundance of immature mosquito stages. The GLM model also showed that maximum and mean temperature with four-and one-to-two weeks of lag were significant predictors (p < 0.05) of the abundance of adult and immature mosquitoes, respectively, in northeastern Thailand. The low KAP regarding climate change and dengue highlights the engagement needs for vector-borne disease prevention in this region. The identified risk factors are important for the critical first step toward developing routine Aedes surveillance and reliable early warning systems for effective dengue and other mosquito-borne disease prevention and control strategies at the household and community levels in this region and similar settings elsewhere. knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding climate change and dengue self-reported prior dengue infections characteristics of water containers durable asset ownership housing conditions water management
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8199701Data sources: PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5971/pdfInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticleLicense: CC BYData sources: UnpayWallInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: Europe PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: DOAJ-Articlesadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 22 citations 22 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8199701Data sources: PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5971/pdfInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticleLicense: CC BYData sources: UnpayWallInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: Europe PubMed CentralInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthArticle . 2021Data sources: DOAJ-Articlesadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Article 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Kong, R.; Castella, Jean-Christophe;Kong, R.; Castella, Jean-Christophe;Abstract CONTEXT The Northwestern uplands of Cambodia underwent a massive land conversion from forest to agriculture over the last 15 years. OBJECTIVE Our study conducted in Rotonak Mondol District, Battambang Province aimed at understanding farm diversity, trajectory, performance and capacity to innovate in order to identify effective interventions in a rapidly changing pioneer front. METHODS Based on a survey of 365 randomly selected households, we identified 4 main farm types by a combination of Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The survey was complemented with detailed analyses of resource use, labor management, economic productivity and adoption of innovative practices on 95 households. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The livelihood of Paddy Farms (20%) is centered on a rice-cattle combination with off-farm activities and annual upland crop farming providing cash income. The Large Farms (20%) specialize in intensive and mechanized upland crops, including orchards. The Small Farms (25%) have a diverse activity portfolio including paddy, annual upland crops, and off-farm activities. The livelihood of the Off-Farm type (35%) is largely based on low-income off-farm activities. We identified the time of arrival, initial cash and labor, relationship with local authorities, and/or social connections as key factors determining farm structures and livelihoods. This, in turn, determined farm capacities to accumulate resources during the maize boom that occurred in this region between 2006 and 2011. Based on our analysis of farm diversity, we identified interventions suitable to each farm type and opportunities for on-farm innovation through risk buffering mechanisms and strengthening of social organizations. SIGNIFICANCE Like in other pioneer fronts beyond our case study in Cambodia, a reorganization of the agricultural systems is required to support the shift from essentially individualistic behaviors to more concerted actions. The emergence of new institutions, such as farmer groups and cooperatives, can build upon the specific capacity and needs of the different types of farming systems to innovate.
Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03145105/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03145105/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Anis Gasmi; Cécile Gomez; Philippe Lagacherie; Hédi Zouari; Ahmed Laamrani; Abdelghani Chehbouni;Abstract Visible, near-infrared and short wave infrared (VNIR/SWIR, 400–2500 nm) remote sensing imagery is a useful tool for topsoil property mapping, but limited to bare soils pixels. With the increasing amount of freely available VNIR/SWIR satellite imagery (e.g. Landsat TM, ETM+, OLI and Sentinel-2A/B), extensive time series data can be exploited to increase the spatial coverage of bare soil derived information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of using a bare soil image created from the mean spectral reflectance from bare soil pixels along a time series, compared to a single-date image. The benefits were analyzed in term of (i) proportion of soil mapping and (ii) accuracy of clay content prediction. The study was conducted over the Cap-Bon region (Northern Tunisia) which is a pedologically contrasted and cultivated area. To this end, 262 topsoil samples and three Landsat-TM images acquired during the summer season were used. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models based on the multi-date and single-date Landsat-derived spectral dataset were performed to quantify clay soil content. Our results have shown that (1) a bare soil image created from only mean spectral reflectance from common bare soil pixels along a time series provided the best accuracy of clay content prediction (i.e., coefficient of determination of validation R val 2 of 0.75, a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 88 g/kg) with a moderate bare soil coverage (i.e., 23% of the study area); (2) a bare soil image created from a mix of mean spectral reflectance from common bare soil pixels along a time series and of spectral reflectance from bare soil pixels of single-date images provided acceptable accuracy of clay content prediction (i.e., R val 2 = 0.64, RMSEP = 109 g/kg) with a relatively high bare soil coverage (i.e., 44% of the study area); and (3) all the bare soil images provided similar spatial structures of the clay content predictions. With the actual availability of the VNIR/SWIR satellite imagery for the entire globe, this study offer a simple and accurate method for delivering accurate soil property maps over large areas, to the geoscience community.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114864&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu21 citations 21 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Narindra H. Rakotovao; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Sylvain Deffontaines; +7 AuthorsNarindra H. Rakotovao; Tiphaine Chevallier; Lydie Chapuis-Lardy; Sylvain Deffontaines; Syndhia Mathé; Mamonjiniaina Andriamirajo Ramarofidy; Tsifera Henintsoa Rakotoniamonjy; Adrien Lepage; Cargele Masso; Alain Albrecht; Tantely M. Razafimbelo;International audience; Rural development projects to develop sustainable agriculture need to be assessed before engaging smallholder farmers at large scale. Data on agricultural systems to produce food, provide income for smallholders and reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Here, we assessed the potential of agroecological practices (AP) on economic benefits to farmers, GHG balance derived from agricultural activities, and efficiency of economic investments to mitigate GHG. The study was based on a NGO rural development project, which promoted AP: agroforestry, compost, and System of Rice Intensification. The economic and GHG mitigation benefits were projected over a period of 20 years on three scenarios. Two scenarios, differing by two expected levels of AP adoption, were compared to a reference one, in which there was no NGO intervention. Socio-economic, yield and soil data were gathered on 192 farms during five growing seasons (2013–2018). The GHG balance was estimated with TropiC Farm Tool and EX-ACT. The GHG emissions were reduced in both scenarios compared to the reference one: −5.2 to −13.6 tCO2eq farm−1 yr−1 for scenario 1 and 2 respectively. At the regional scale, the projected amount of C saved per euro invested was estimated at −0.25 tCO2eq euro−1 and -0.41 tCO2eq Euro−1 (or € 4 to 2.5 tCO2eq−1) under scenario 1 and scenario 2. The annual cash flow of farmers increased over the 20 years. Our study highlighted the potential of AP for increasing productivity and profitability of smallholder agricultural systems for the Malagasy farmers, while simultaneously contributing to climate change mitigation.
Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down AgritropArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://agritrop.cirad.fr/597126/7/597126.pdfData sources: AgritropJournal of Cleaner ProductionArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125220&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Horizon / Pleins tex... arrow_drop_down AgritropArticle . 2021Full-Text: http://agritrop.cirad.fr/597126/7/597126.pdfData sources: AgritropJournal of Cleaner ProductionArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125220&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type 2021 France FrenchPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: GOLDSTEIN, Arthur;GOLDSTEIN, Arthur;Les microbes des sols sont utiles à l’agriculture : ils aident les plantes à acquérir des nutriments, dégradent les déchets, protègent les plantations contre les pathogènes… Comprendre les interactions entre les microorganismes, les plantes et les autres éléments du sol pourrait permettre de gagner en productivité tout en préservant l’environnement. Dans cet optique, un des enjeux en agronomie est d’être capable de caractériser les communautés microbiennes des sols de manière fonctionnelle ; c’est-à-dire de quantifier les services qu’elles peuvent rendre à l’agriculture et à la société de manière générale. Par exemple, un « bon » microbiote d’un point de vue fonctionnel protégera les plantes des maladies et les aidera à acquérir des nutriments, il dégradera les éventuels polluants néfastes et limitera les efflux de gaz à effet de serre. Pour mener cette caractérisation, l’identification et l’analyse génétique des microbiotes ne suffisent pas ; des outils technologiques manquent.Nous avons choisi de nous occuper de ce problème en exploitant une technologie qui n’avait pas été employée jusqu’ici en agriculture : la millifluidique de gouttes, qui consiste à manipuler des gouttes de quelques centaines de nanolitres, séparées les unes des autres par une phase huileuse. En l’occurrence, nous avons utilisé l’automate de culture microbiologique en gouttes de la startup MilliDrop. Nous avons étudié une fonction : la capacité à solubiliser le phosphate du sol, un nutriment essentiel aux plantes. Nous avons adapté la recette d’un milieu de culture utilisé depuis plus de 70 ans : le milieu Pikovskaya. Il contient des particules de phosphate de calcium et nous avons dû mener un travail de formulation physico-chimique important pour transférer ces particules en gouttes et les y maintenir dispersées. Nous avons par ailleurs ajouté au milieu deux sondes fluorescentes qui nous ont permis de suivre à la fois le pH de nos gouttes et l’activité respiratoire. Ce protocole expérimental prêt, nous l’avons appliqué à une douzaine de sols agricoles.Grâce à la fluorescence de la résazurine, notre sonde d’activité respiratoire, nous avons estimé la concentration en cellules cultivables dans nos échantillons. Nous avons montré que l’on obtenait en tendance le même nombre de microorganismes avec notre méthode en gouttes qu’avec la méthode classique de dénombrement de colonies sur boîtes de Petri.En exploitant un bloc optique conçu pour notre projet, nous avons pu mener des mesures de néphélométrie (scattering) en gouttes et évaluer la capacité de nos microorganismes à faire baisser ce signal, ce que nous interprétons au moins partiellement comme la capacité des microorganismes à solubiliser le phosphate. Grâce à notre sonde pH, nous avons pu montrer que la baisse du signal de scattering était associée à une chute du pH sous 5,8 (qui correspond au pH théorique en-dessous duquel les particules se dissolvent par seul effet de l’acidité) dans environ 90% des gouttes. Il est possible que parmi les 10% des gouttes restantes, on trouve des microorganismes qui sécrètent de grandes quantités de chélatants, ce qui représente un intérêt agricole particulier. On trouve systématiquement plus de microorganismes solubilisateurs en gouttes qu’avec la méthode traditionnelle sur boîte de Petri, sans pour autant avoir de corrélation entre ces deux modes de mesure. Si différentes hypothèses pourraient être testées pour éclaircir ce phénomène, nos résultats remettent en question le test traditionnel sur boîtes.Notre protocole est rapide et simple : nos expériences ont pu être réalisées par une technicienne non spécialisée, le traitement de données est automatisable et une demi-heure de travail suffit à analyser quatre sols (plus avec de prochaines versions de la machine). Les résultats en gouttes sont obtenus sept fois plus vite que ceux sur boîtes de Petri. Cela fait de notre protocole un candidat pour devenir un test fonctionnel utilisé à grande échelle. Soil microbes are useful in agriculture: they help plants to acquire nutrients, degrade waste, protect crops against pathogens, etc. Understanding the interactions between microorganisms, plants and other soil elements could help increase productivity while preserving the environment. From this perspective, one of the challenges in agronomy is to be able to characterize soil microbial communities in a functional manner; that is, to quantify the services they can render to agriculture and society in general. For example, a "good" microbiota from a functional point of view will protect plants from diseases and help them acquire nutrients, degrade harmful pollutants and limit the influx of greenhouse gases. To carry out this characterization, the identification and genetic analysis of microbiotes is not sufficient; technological tools are lacking.We chose to address this problem by exploiting a technology that has not been used in agriculture until now: droplets millifluidics, which consists in manipulating drops of a few hundred nanoliters, separated from each other by an oily phase. In this case, we used the automated microbiological drop culture system from MilliDrop, a startup from our lab. We studied one function: the ability to solubilize soil phosphate, an essential plant nutrient. We adapted the recipe of a culture medium used for more than 70 years: Pikovskaya medium. It contains particles of calcium phosphate and we had to carry out an important physicochemical formulation work to transfer these particles into drops and keep them dispersed. We also added two fluorescent probes to the medium that allowed us to monitor both the pH of our drops and the respiratory activity. Once the experimental protocol was ready, we applied it to a dozen agricultural soils.Thanks to the fluorescence of resazurin, our respiratory activity probe, we estimated the concentration of cultivable cells in our samples. We showed that the same number of microorganisms was obtained in trend with our drop method as with the classical method of counting colonies on Petri dishes.By using an optical block designed for our project, we have been able to conduct optical scattering measurements in drops and evaluate the ability of our microorganisms to lower this signal, which we interpret at least partially as the ability of the microorganisms to solubilize phosphate. Thanks to our pH probe, we were able to show that the fall of the scattering signal was associated with a pH fall below 5.8 (which corresponds to the theoretical pH below which particles dissolve by the sole effect of acidity) in about 90% of the drops. It is possible that among the remaining 10% of the drops there are microorganisms that secrete large quantities of chelating agents, which is of particular agricultural interest. There are systematically more solubilizing microorganisms in the drops than with the traditional Petri dish method, but there is no correlation between these two methods of measurement. While different hypotheses could be tested to clarify this phenomenon, our results call into question the traditional test on plates.Our protocol is quick and simple: our experiments were carried out by a non-specialized technician; data processing can be automated, and half an hour of work is enough to analyze four soils (more with future versions of the machine). The results in drops are obtained seven times faster than those on Petri dishes. This makes our protocol a candidate to become a functional test used on a large scale.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______9631::f12bb487f40081e68fdcb3281fd073f2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Informa UK Limited B. Sebbar; Aicha Moumni; Abderrahman Lahrouni; A. Chehbouni; T. Belghazi; B. Maksoudi;Argania spinosa also known as the argan tree is an endemic plant of Morocco. Despite having the ability to subsist in extreme drought conditions, it is threatened by soil land clearing, overexploitation, and absence of natural regeneration, causing a worrying decline in both spatial extent and density. The spatial extent of dryland forests is debated, as estimates of forest areas in drylands are uncertain. The present study aims to map and locate the spatial distribution of the argan trees at Smimou community located in Essaouira province, south-eastern Morocco, using satellite images and a double-classification process to overcome separability problems. The work focuses on the characterization and comparison of the unique phenological patterns of argan with the other present land-cover classes. NDVI products were derived from a Sentinel-2 time-series covering one year (2018 to 2019), then ground samples were used to extract phenological profiles at parcel level then at tree level, to feed representative calibration samples to Support Vector Machine classifier. The outcome was integrated with an elevation model in a Decision Tree to reclassify mixed areas. The results indicated an F1-score and an overall accuracy of 91.27% and 92.60% respectively, a promising technique for updating argan extent at national scale.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/10549811.2021.1897018&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 3 citations 3 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/10549811.2021.1897018&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Cyril Fouillet; Isabelle Guérin; Jean-Michel Servet;Cyril Fouillet; Isabelle Guérin; Jean-Michel Servet;Available online 15 dec 2020 International audience
Telecommunications P... arrow_drop_down Telecommunications PolicyArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefHAL-ENS-LYON; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03493830/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.telpol.2020.102079&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 19 citations 19 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Telecommunications P... arrow_drop_down Telecommunications PolicyArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefHAL-ENS-LYON; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-IRDArticle . 2021License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03493830/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.telpol.2020.102079&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2021 FrancePublisher:MDPI AG Thuy Thu Doan; Phimmasone Sisouvanh; Thanyakan Sengkhrua; Supranee Sritumboon; Cornelia Rumpel; Pascal Jouquet; Nicolas Bottinelli;Organic amendments may improve the quality of acidic tropical agricultural soils with low organic carbon contents under conventional management (mineral fertilization and irrigation) in Southeast Asia. We investigated the effect of biochar, compost and their combination on maize growth and yield, soil physical, biological and chemical properties at harvesting time at four sites in three countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. Treatments consisted of 10 t·ha−1 cow manure compost and 7 t·ha−1 of Bamboo biochar and their combination. Maize biomass production and cop yields were recorded for two seasons. Elemental content, pH and nutrient availability of soils were analyzed after the first growing season. We also characterized macrofauna abundance and water infiltration. Few changes were noted for maize biomass production and maize cop yield. Soil chemical parameters showed contrasting, site-specific results. Compost and biochar amendments increased soil organic carbon, pH, total K and N, P and K availability especially for sandy soils in Thailand. The combination of both amendments could reduce nutrient availability as compared to compost only treatments. Physical and biological parameters showed no treatment response. We conclude that the addition of compost, biochar and their mixture to tropical soils have site-specific short-term effects on chemical soil parameters. Their short-term effect on plants is thus mainly related to nutrient input. The site-dependent results despite similar crops, fertilization and irrigation practices suggest that inherent soil parameters and optimization of organic amendment application to specific pedoclimatic conditions need future attention.
Agronomy arrow_drop_down AgronomyOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/348/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/agronomy11020348&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Agronomy arrow_drop_down AgronomyOther literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYFull-Text: http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/348/pdfadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/agronomy11020348&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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