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Latar Belakang: Covid-19 adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Severe acute respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang ditandai dengan gangguan pernapasan akut yang parah. Wabah Covid-19 pertama kali terdeteksi di Wuhan, Cina, pada Desember 2019. Ibu hamil tergolong rentan terinfeksi Covid-19, hal ini disebabkan karena ibu hamil memiliki sistem imunitas tubuh yang rendah, sehingga lebih rentan untuk mengidap penyakit atau infeksi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Banggae-1 Majene. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan metode random sampling. Hasil: Dari 61 responden yang diperoleh, 41 (67,2%) orang berpengetahuan baik dengan berperilaku baik, 3 (4,9%) orang berpengetahuan kurang dengan berperilaku baik, 17 (27,9%) orang berpengetahuan kurang dan berperilaku kurang baik, tidak ada responden yang berpengetahuan baik dengan berperilaku kurang baik dalam pencegahan Covid-19. Kesimpulan: Hasil uji Chi-square (p=0,000<0,05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Banggae-1 Majene.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic remains a global security threat, as the result of the emerging and exacerbated security challenges that have impacted on the national security policies of various regional economic communities (RECs). This study analyses SADC and ECOWAS' responses to the Covid-19 pandemic under their respective existing peace and security structures and explores if both RECs, SADC and ECOWAS have been efficient. This article discusses the Southern African and West African security setting, how its security architecture emerged and whether it has been successful in overcoming the security ramification in the region under the Covid-19 pandemic. Coincidentally, both SADC and ECOWAS have been confronted with existing and emerging human security threats, such as increased poverty, inequality, and the spread of diseases, such as Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic, a non-traditional security threat, has exposed how RECs, such as SADC and ECOWAS, respond to non-traditional and emerging security threats, suggesting for the transcendence of their security architecture that caters equally for non-military and emerging human security threats, alike military threats. This article explores the regional security experiences, challenges, and responses of both the SADC and ECOWAS under the Covid-19 pandemic.

This article aims to develop the concept of human security through economic safeguards for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis was carried out using a qualitative approach. This article has found an effort to secure the economy for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic by integrating the hard skills and soft skills approaches. The hard skill approach is an effort made through technical matters, namely primary education in online-based entrepreneurship and training in business management based on Information, Communication, and Technology. Primary education on entrepreneurship and training in the form of technical supervision and management of ICT-based businesses in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The soft skill approach is the provision of understanding and communication skills, especially the ability to conduct diplomacy so that people can have good diplomacy skills and through empathy-buying so that people through empathy can trust again to increase their purchasing power, especially to products from MSMEs. By the author, this method is called smart human security. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan konsep human Secuity melalui pengaman ekonomi terhadap Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Artikel ini telah menemukan upaya pengamanan ekonomi bagi Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 dengan mengintegrasikan antara pendekatan hard skill dan soft skill . Pendekatan hard skill merupakan upaya yang dilakukan melalui hal-hal teknis yaitu pendidikan dasar dalam berwirausaha berbasis online dan pelatihan pengelolaan usaha berbasis Information, Communication, and Technology . Pendidikan dasar mengenai kewirausahaan dan pelatihan-pelatihan berupa teknis manajemen dan pengelolaan usaha berbasis ICT dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. Pendekatan soft skill merupakan pemberian pemahaman dan kemampuan komunikasi khususnya kemampuan dalam melakukan diplomasi agar masyarakat dapat memiliki keahlian berdiplomasi dengan baik serta melalui empathy-buying agar masyarakat melalui empatinya dapat kembali percaya untuk meningkatkan kembali daya belinya terutama kepada produk dari UMKM. Oleh penulis, cara tersebut disebut sebagai smart human security .

Globally, the pandemic installed by the coronavirus has led to a change in the way business is conducted. In the context of the economic crisis knocking on the door, the states of the world are trying to take the most severe measures to mitigate the effects of this epidemic. One sector of the economy that needs to be protected is agriculture, because it provides the much-needed food for everyone. The role of farmers is very important in this equation, as they provide the necessary food stabilizing stocks of food that can be depleted faster. In this paper we want to determine the possible impact that the drought and the overlap of the COVID pandemic on it may have on the prices of agricultural products of animal origin in Romania. In this context, the level of prices in the first half of the previous year was compared with the level of prices in the first half of the current year, in order to be able to determine, from a statistical point of view, whether there are significant differences. It was found that for five of the six products analyzed, the prices in the first half of 2020 were higher than in the first half of 2019. Following this analysis, the correlation coefficients between the price level and the precipitation level were determined, and subsequently between the price level and the market demand, the latter influenced by the pandemic. It was found that both phenomena indirectly influenced the prices of agricultural products of animal origin.

Abstract The COVID‐19 outbreak has become a global health crisis affecting both the physical and mental health of people across the world. Likewise, the people of Bangladesh are going through a menacing mental health catastrophe with the outbreak of coronavirus that resulting in stress and trauma. Hence, this situation is altering people's lifestyles and generating complexities in psychological well‐being. The study was based on the review of published articles and media reports related to stress and trauma during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Bangladesh. A total of 10 peer‐reviewed articles and 45 newspaper reports were included following an extensive literature search. The contents were searched on Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, local online newspapers, social networking sites, and different webpages and published articles in different journals on COVID‐19 from March 5 to October 25, 2020. The review study finds that the mental health of people in Bangladesh has severely been affected by the outbreak of coronavirus. All of the government, voluntary, and civil organizations need to give further emphasis on psychosocial and bereavement counseling in order to support those experiencing mental shocks resulting from the COVID‐19 crisis. There is the need to strengthen more consultative and collaborative efforts from all public health experts, social workers, psychologists, and policymakers in doing so. Social workers in this context will be able to make meaningful contributions in supporting those affected people to better adjust to the challenging situation.

The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest and most widely spread health emergency globally in recent years and affects all, irrespective of race or sex. This pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Unlike adults, most babies and children who are infected with this virus are asymptomatic. Fever is the most common symptom that has been reported in children who are positive for COVID-19. Our study reports a case of a preterm, extremely low birth weight baby who was positive for COVID- 19. He had tachypnea, hypoxia and neurological symptoms, which include episodes of high pitched cry and hypertonia. The mother was COVID-19 negative, while over sixty per cent of the staff, including doctors and nurses, were positive when he was on admission. This baby was infected probably by the staffs in the newborn unit. Babies with COVID-19 should not be assumed to have a mild form of the disease but must be admitted at least for observation

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of the conducted research can be used in the practical activities of banks in terms of adjusting their operation to regulatory requirements and the development of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research results can also be used as a benchmark for decisions and actions taken by regulatory and supervisory authorities. As well the research results can increase the trust the stakeholders have in the banking sector. PURPOSE: The article aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the safety level of the Polish-listed banks. The safety level will be determined using a classic measure: the capital adequacy ratio (solvency ratio). The objective of the empirical study is to measure the safety level of 12 Polish-listed banks in 2015-2020 and classify them according to their level of safety. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: In the empirical part, an attempt was made to measure the safety level of Polish-listed banks in the 2015-2020 years by using statistical data from the Bank Focus database and financial statements. The sample consisted of 12 Polish-listed banks. The empirical part used descriptive statistics, ratio analysis, and correlation analysis between the variables. FINDINGS: The analyzed banks were differentiated according to their safety level. Furthermore, the most and the minor safe banks were be identified, as well as banks that do not meet the minimum regulatory requirements. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: An assessment of the safety level of the Polish-listed banks and consequences and threats caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will be of significant cognitive importance. peer-reviewed

Abstract Aim The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has put health care workers at risk when exposed to aerosolized viral particles during upper airway mucosal surgery. The objective of this review was to discuss topical preparations that could be utilized preoperatively to help to decrease viral load and potentially reduce the risks of viral transmission. Methods A PubMed/MEDLINE database review of articles was performed querying topical preparations with virucidal activity against coronaviruses. Results Povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) solutions ranging from 0.23% to 7% have been found to demonstrate highly effective virucidal activity against a broad range of viruses including several coronaviruses responsible for recent epidemics including SARS‐CoV‐1 and MERS‐CoV. Conclusions While specific evidence regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 is lacking, PVP‐I‐based preparations have been successfully demonstrated to reduce viral loads of coronaviruses. They are relatively safe to use in the upper airway and may reduce risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 aerosolization during upper airway mucosal surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the treatment of cancer patients, with particular regard to the management of both chemotherapy and side effects. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are amongst the most troublesome side effects that impair patients’ adherence to treatments and their quality of life (QoL). NEPA (Akynzeo®), is an oral fixed-dose combination of netupitant [a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1RA), 300 mg] and palonosetron [(5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin or 5HT) type3 receptor antagonist (5HT3RA), 0.5 mg] which has been shown to be effective in preventing CINV. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study started before the outbreak of COVID-19 and was carried out during the pandemic period. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose NEPA plus 12 mg of dexamethasone (DEX) in patients treated with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab and Folfirinox. The patients were diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) or advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). They were divided into two groups: naïve patients and patients previously treated with serotonin receptor antagonists (5HT3-RA) and neurokin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1-RA). RESULTS: During the overall phase, the complete response (CR) rate was 96.8% in naïve patients treated with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab, and 94.6% in patients treated with Folfirinox. During the acute and delayed phases, the CR rate was 92.8% and 94.2%, with Folfoxiri and Bevacizumab, as well as 96.2% and 94.6%, with Folfirinox. There was no adequate control of CINV events in patients on antiemetic prophylaxis with 5HT3-RA or NK1-RA associated with cortisone. During the overall phase, the CR rate was 74.6% with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab and 75.8% with Folfirinox. During the acute and delayed phases, the CR rate was 72.5% and 74.8% with Folfoxiri plus Bevacizumab, as well as 75.2% and 74.6% with Folfirinox. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown the therapeutic benefits of NEPA in the management and prophylaxis of CINV events, both in naive patients and patients previously treated with 5HT3-RA and NK1-RA. In addition, NEPA has been shown to be safe, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

On both sides of the Atlantic, in Anglo-Saxon countries, the issue of excess mortality due to Covid-19 among members of minorities has emerged as a central social justice issue. Outside the Anglo-Saxon countries, where race and ethnicity are generally recorded, it is difficult to address this issue. However, in France, data for the period up to the end of confinement, mentioning country of birth and place of death, from "état-civil" files, allow comparisons to be made on the determinants of the severity of Covid-19 integrating ethnicity. Regression analyses based on the difference in death counts between the spring of 2020 and the same period of previous years, show that the interweaving of health status, household size and ethnicity accurately reflects the disparities between departmental mortality rates due to Covid-19. People born in Black Africa clearly appear to be in a worse position than those born in the Maghreb, in Asian and European countries, not to mention the natives, in terms of risk of death.