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La società in cui viviamo in questa nostra epoca viene spesso definita come società della conoscenza o anche come società del rischio. Ma se all’ignoranza abbiamo sempre attribuito l’origine dei rischi e alla conoscenza la soluzione dei nostri problemi, come possiamo superare la contraddizione tra sovrabbondanza informativa e uso dannoso dell’informazione? Coniugando lavoro teorico e ricerca empirica, il volume intende rispondere a questo interrogativo esaminando il nesso che intercorre tra comunicazione e incertezza scientifica. Oggi più che mai, in piena infodemia, risulta essenziale non solo tematizzare la complessità specifica che ci ritroviamo a dover governare nella vita quotidiana, ma anche individuare modalità di analisi non banali, capaci cioè di scalfire quel dato per scontato che non funziona più, per progettare percorsi d’azione lucidamente realistici in uno scenario nuovo. Dai fenomeni meteorologici estremi all’innovazione biotecnologica basata sui virus, dalla regolamentazione degli OGM alla gestione dell’emergenza fitosanitaria del caso Xylella fastidiosa in Puglia, ciò che tiene insieme e consente un dialogo tra i diversi contributi è riassunto nel concetto multidimensionale di delega fiduciaria, a sua volta a fondamento di una evoluta democrazia rappresentativa. Essa, infatti, esprime il nesso di solidarietà tra individui, organizzazioni e istituzioni, che in una società funzionalmente differenziata non si dà mai in modo statico e definitivo, bensì risulta fortemente assoggettato a dinamiche che possono essere dissipative o costitutive di un nuovo assetto. Lo scoppio della pandemia Covid-19, che non ci ha ancora abbandonato, in quanto fatto sociale totale che non può avvalersi di esperti totali, non ha fornito solamente un ulteriore caso studio su cui riflettere, ma ha reso ancora più urgente l’elaborazione di un modello interpretativo delle dinamiche sociocomunicative che sostanziano quel concetto. L’utilità pragmatica del modello che qui presentiamo, sintesi preliminare e guida per ulteriori indagini volte a migliorarne la capacità euristica, è situabile nella sfera della gestione del rischio e nella sua comunicazione. Il lavoro del gruppo di ricerca rientra nelle attività del Centro interuniversitario MaCSIS (www.macsis.unimib.it/centro-macsis), costituito da Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca e Università degli Studi di Pavia, per la ricerca e sperimentazione nella comunicazione della scienza nella knowledge-society.

With the increasing number of platforms, grids and infrastructures in the wider area of Language Technologies (LT), NLP, NLU, speech, interaction and language-centric AI, there is also a growing need for sharing experiences, approaches and best practices to learn and benefit from the work of others and also, practically, to start a collaboration towards platform interoperability. The 1st InternationalWorkshop for Language Technology Platforms (IWLTP 2020) addresses all smaller and larger language grids, language-related infrastructures, platform initiatives as well as collaborative research projects that touch upon LT platforms, especially platform interoperability and related topics, both in Europe and world-wide. Its objective is to exchange and discuss observations, experiences, solutions, best practices as well as current and future challenges. The workshop also addresses the issue of fragmentation in the Language Technology landscape. Instead of “platform islands” that simply exist side by side, possibly even competing with each other, initiatives should discuss how their platforms can be made interoperable and how they can interact with one another to create synergies towards a productive LT platform ecosystem. The EU project European Language Grid (ELG; 2019-2021) is creating a platform that will provide thousands of data sets and hundreds of LT services. ELG aims to promote technologies tailored to all European languages and cultures, adapted to their social and economic needs. At the same time, there are several established platforms or infrastructure-related initiatives as well as emerging new ones, both on the European but also on the national level as well as on other continents. Some of the initiatives are more language-related and have a strong industry focus, others are mainly research-oriented. Moreover, there are digital public service initiatives, and platforms, in which language is only one aspect of many. With all these established and emerging initiatives, there is a risk of even stronger fragmentation in the Language Technology field, which is already highly fragmented, at least in Europe. Our approach is to bring these initiatives together to discuss ways not only of preventing further fragmentation but, crucially, of reversing it. This will only be possible if interoperability and mutual data exchange is ensured and if metadata formats and technical requirements are compatible, among others. A total of 30 papers were submitted to IWLTP 2020, 17 of which were accepted (acceptance rate: 56.7%). The organisers would like to thank all contributors for their valuable submissions and all members of the Programme Committee for reviewing the submitted papers. Due to the ongoing SARSCoV-2 pandemic, the workshop cannot be held as originally foreseen. Together with the organisers of LREC 2020 we will explore if we can organise the workshop at a later point in time or if we can organise it as a virtual event. G. Rehm, K. Bontcheva, K. Choukri, J. Hajic, S. Piperidis, A. Vasil,jevs May 2020 iii

This dump provides access to the metadata records of publications, research data, software and projects that may be relevant to the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) fight. The dump contains records of the OpenAIRE COVID-19 Gateway (https://covid-19.openaire.eu/), identified via full-text mining and inference techniques applied to the OpenAIRE Research Graph (https://explore.openaire.eu/). The Graph is one of the largest Open Access collections of metadata records and links between publications, datasets, software, projects, funders, and organizations, aggregating 12,000+ scientific data sources world-wide, among which the Covid-19 data sources Zenodo COVID-19 Community, WHO (World Health Organization), BIP! FInder for COVID-19, Protein Data Bank, Dimensions, scienceOpen, and RSNA. The dump consists of a gzip file containing one json per line. Each json is compliant to the schema available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3974226

We propose a standardized approach for performance assessment and quality-control of the novel VASCOVID system based on optical phantoms. This approach is tailored to meet the requirements of the Medical Device Regulation, and is extendable to other biophotonics devices.

This document summarizes the availability and market readiness of the MONOCLE reference sensor collection, which consists of high-end radiometry sensors and supporting platforms for field deployment to register hyperspectral reflectance (water colour) and atmospheric conditions. The original targets for each of the three sensor systems were met in two cases (HSP-1 and So-Rad) whereas the WISP-M is still under development, with a timeline to completion provided for marketing purposes. The demonstration of this deliverable is provided through the project website, which provides user guidance, cost/pricing (where available) or information on the pathway to market. Additional materials targeted at specific user groups, such as instructional videos, build guides, manuals and software tools, are also collected there, either as part of this deliverable or the associated D8.5 “Set of MONOCLE documentation per stakeholder audience” and D6.3 “Software library for data inspection and statistical information extraction”. Despite some production issues, often related to the 2020/2021 COVID-19 pandemic, prototypes of each of the three systems (the WISPStation representing the WISP family of sensor systems) has had long-term field exposure, generating data sets and supporting the development of operational, standardardized data flows. This has resulted in the achievement of TRLs near, at or beyond the initially planned targets. All sensor systems now move forward into the last phase of the project which is focussed on demonstrating new and improved capabilities in the in situ segment of Copernicus, with and for selected end-user communities.

Purpose and scope of the deliverable: This is a framework report on Policies, Practices and Strategies. All partners have contributed material used in the production of the report which is described in the Work Programme as D2.1. This report seeks to establish a benchmark. With so much in flux, a starting point for identifying sig-nificant policy change is necessary. The benchmark is set at the outset of the project, approximately Q1 (January to March 2020), before the impact of COVID-19 and before the onset/impact of the new Programming Period. As a benchmark, the report seeks to be descriptive; there is no attempt at this stage to introduce any evaluation into the document; nor is there an intention to ’cluster’ case studies or countries – each case stands on its own merit. The attention to policy detail at Case Study level is relatively light. Here we are describing the Policy Framework. Detailed work on the Case Studies will take place later in the project when we have access to survey data and can view the emerging policies following the current hiatus in tourism. This is the first stage of the policy theme running through the three years of SPOT - the Social and Innovative Platform on Cultural Tourism and its Potential towards Deepening Europeanisation. This Framework Paper consists of four parts: Part One: The Executive Summary Part Two: The report on Policies, Practices and Strategies for each of the 15 partners (= Appendix A – Exploration of the Policy Framework) Part Three: A spreadsheet showing broad themes for each of the partners (= Appendix B) Part Four: A list of the sources used in preparing the report

Abstract presented at the 16th World Congress on Public Health 2020

This document summarizes the availability and market readiness of the MONOCLE reference sensor collection, which consists of high-end radiometry sensors and supporting platforms for field deployment to register hyperspectral reflectance (water colour) and atmospheric conditions. The original targets for each of the three sensor systems were met in two cases (HSP-1 and So-Rad) whereas the WISP-M is still under development, with a timeline to completion provided for marketing purposes. The demonstration of this deliverable is provided through the project website, which provides user guidance, cost/pricing (where available) or information on the pathway to market. Additional materials targeted at specific user groups, such as instructional videos, build guides, manuals and software tools, are also collected there, either as part of this deliverable or the associated D8.5 “Set of MONOCLE documentation per stakeholder audience” and D6.3 “Software library for data inspection and statistical information extraction”. Despite some production issues, often related to the 2020/2021 COVID-19 pandemic, prototypes of each of the three systems (the WISPStation representing the WISP family of sensor systems) has had long-term field exposure, generating data sets and supporting the development of operational, standardardized data flows. This has resulted in the achievement of TRLs near, at or beyond the initially planned targets. All sensor systems now move forward into the last phase of the project which is focussed on demonstrating new and improved capabilities in the in situ segment of Copernicus, with and for selected end-user communities.

5G’s capabilities and flexibility hold the promise of further facilitating the society’s digitalization by enabling new services (e.g. remote surgery, advanced industrial applications) and communication modes (e.g. gestures, facial expressions and haptics). Current wireless communication systems do not meet the performance requirements of these new services, such as bandwidth, latency and reliability. Furthermore, the current COVID-19 crisis has fundamentally changed the way the world communicates and operates, accelerating the shift towards a more digital world. Such shift and the new requirements make the need of reliable and high-quality digital services promised by 5G more crucial than ever. To fulfil 5G promises, a shift towards full automation of network and service management and operation is a necessity. However, a major challenge facing full automation is the protection of the network and system assets – services, data and network infrastructure – against potential cybersecurity risks introduced by the unprecedented evolution of the 5G threat landscape. INSPIRE-5Gplus, a 5G-PPP phase 3 project, aims to address these cybersecurity risks by introducing innovative concepts for security management of 5G networks and beyond at the level of platforms and vertical applications and services. To meet this goal, INSPIRE-5Gplus will devise and implement a fully automated end-to-end smart network and service security management framework that empowers not only protection but also trustworthiness and liability in managing 5G network infrastructures across multi-domains. INSPIRE-5Gplus will allow the advancement of the security vision for 5G and beyond through the adoption of a set of emerging trends and technologies; namely, Zero-touch network and Service Management (ZSM), Software-Defined Security (D-SEC) models, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) techniques, Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), and Trusted Execution Environments (TEE). INSPIRE-5Gplus will ensure that the provided security is compliant with the expected Security Service Level Agreement (SSLA) and regulatory requirements. This White Paper introduces the overall INSPIRE-5Gplus framework's High-Level Architecture, its main functional blocks and their role in enabling intelligent closed-loop security operations. To illustrate how the INSPIRE-5Gplus framework can be applied as a zero-touch security management solution for 5G systems, the White Paper presents a representative set of advanced security use cases. The presented use cases cover different advanced security problems, including: (i) trustworthy composition of network slices using Blockchains (DLT) and secure deployment of E2E network slices in compliance with agreed SSLAs for automotive verticals; (ii) detection of network attacks over encrypted traffic in Service-Based Architectures; (iii) enforcement of E2E encryption policies while leveraging TEE to enable trustworthy execution of encryption-decryption operations; (iv) reactive and proactive protection of E2E network slices using, respectively, anomaly detection and Moving Target Defense mechanisms. The INSPIRE-5Gplus project is currently evolving the architecture, defining the specific set of services to be provided by each functional block and devising the corresponding enablers. As the project's work progresses, we will release new White Papers to share our achievements with the community.

Previous studies have examined the impact of COVID-19 on mortality and fertility. However, little is known about the effect of the pandemic on constraining international migration. We quantify the impact of COVID-19 on immigration flows in 15 high-income countries by forecasting their counterfactual levels in 2020 assuming no pandemic and comparing these estimates with observed immigration counts. We then explore potential driving forces, such as stringency measures and changes in unemployment moderating the extent of immigration decline. Our results show that immigration declined in all countries, except in Finland. Yet, significant cross-national variations exist. Australia (60%), Spain (45%) and Sweden (36%) display the largest declines, while immigration decreased by between 15% and 30% in seven states, and by less than 15% in four where results were not statistically significant. International travel, mobility restrictions and stay-at-home requirements exhibit a relationship with declines in immigration, although countries with similar levels of stringency witnessed different intensities of decline. Work and school closings and unemployment show no relationship