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L’implémentation de tests non rédactionnels entraîne de nouveaux usages dans l’évaluation des connaissances des étudiants. Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’évolution des tests non-rédactionnels et à l’impact du niveau de maitrise des enseignants sur Moodle dans le choix du format et du niveau de complexité des questions. Il ressort de notre étude que les formats de questions plus traditionnels restent les plus utilisés dans les évaluations formatives à distance. Cependant, la question cloze, plus récente et plus complexe dans sa mise en œuvre, a été fortement employée dans les évaluations de fin d’année afin d’obtenir un système de notation homogène entre les différentes disciplines. L’étude montre également que le choix des formats de questions employés dans les tests non rédactionnels est lié à d’autres facteurs que l’objectif pédagogique à atteindre.

Background: Immunization service is essential in reducing infant mortality rate. However, due to physical distancing and social distancing, the Covid-19 pandemic may have reduced the utilization of immunization service. This study aimed to determine the implementation of immunization services for the under-five children during Covid-19 pandemic at Twano community health center, Jayapura. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at the Twano Entrop Community Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua, from August to September 2020. A sample of informants including immunization personnel and head of community health center. The data were collected by in-depth interview, questionnaire, and document review. Result: The immunization coverage was 43% at Twano community health center, which was far below the national target of 80%. The factors affecting immunization coverage included: (1) worries of infection; (2) parental ignorance; (3) no invitation from the health workers. Conclusion: The factors affecting immunization coverage included are worries of infection, parental ignorance, and no invitation from the health workers. Keyword: immunization, the under-five children, Covid-19 pandemic. Correspondence: Goklian Paraduan Haposan. Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. Pondok Cina, Beji district, Depok city, West Java 12345. Email: goklianofm@gmail.com. Mobile: 081344237365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.16

The global pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) changes the lives of many people all over the world. In the context of stationary retail, a strong change of customer behavior occurs as mandatory safety measures like wearing facemasks and distance regulations have come into place. The sales personnel’s ability to understand and react to customers’ emotions is critical for service interactions and the customers’ overall satisfaction. Unfortunately, facemasks make it difficult to recognize other’s emotions and may lead to misinterpretation and confusion. To address this problem, this paper proposes the design of self-assessment interfaces that offer the customer an easy way to enter their emotions. As part of a Design Science Research (DSR) project, we designed three interfaces and evaluated them over the course of a design cycle. The results indicate that it is possible to use self-assessment technology in stationary retail to measure customer emotions.