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This deliverable, D4.4, describes the "participatory framework for sustainable management, conservation and use of European coastal and maritime cultural landscapes" of the PERICLES project. It is the final deliverable for WP4, based on the four tasks carried out in this and other work packages. It brings together a synthesis of information already communicated in other reports (e.g. D4.1; D4.2; D4.3), and examples from the PERICLES case regions. In doing so, this deliverable presents the PERICLES participatory framework as practice-informed approach to understand, assess and enact sustainable management, conservation and use of European coastal and maritime cultural landscapes.In the PERICLES participatory risk assessment framework, defining risks and threats is seen as an important starting point because this enables clearer communication and therefore to create a common understanding among those stakeholders who are affected by threats, and those who are affecting andgoverning risks to coastal and maritime cultural heritage. In the PERICLES project, a distinction is made between natural/environmental and human-induced threats as captured in the first phase of the framework. At the same time, it is highlighted that such distinction can be artificial and should beconsidered with care, as represented in the two-layered design of the framework. Every step goes with questions for reflection for those using the framework, and the iterative loops contained within it. Governance, is seen as a process of steering at a strategic level in which a variety of actors can beinvolved yet not affected, can be affected yet marginalized or excluded, or anything in between. Risk management takes place at the more operational level but the power dynamics of a governance process are still important. As such the second phase of the risk assessment framework seeks to suggest participatory ways to assess, decide and evaluate risks.PERICLES partners had the ambition to test the framework in demo-specific risk assessment processes in the PERICLES case regions. This testing was planned at the case-region level between January 2020 and January 2021. However, due to pandemic related restriction (ban of meetings and curfews) it proved to be impossible to realise the testing and implementing of the framework in the way envisioned. As an alternative approach, PERICLES partners have looked at their demo work through the lens of the assessment framework and discussed this in four joint sessions. This led to enhanced, practice-informed insights on how the different steps worked out in several specific case regions. Furthermore, thepartners jointly reflected on the impact of COVID-19 on their own participatory strategies. It has been clear that the pandemic has hampered participation in demo activities and has also brought some to a stand-still. Mitigating measures were mainly through online activities, which allowed for opening up to new audiences but also brought forward forms of exclusion because of a digital divide.

The purpose of this report is to outline the evaluation and comparison approach and the knowledge obtained through a detailed data collection process, in order to examine the implementation and application of the Half Double Methodology (HDM) at Forsvarsministeriets Material- og Indkøbsstyrelse (FMI), as well as compare and contrast pilot and reference projects. State-owned FMI is the Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization (English abbreviation: DALO), and thus a unit under the Ministry of Defence and the Danish public sector. It is likely that the Half Double Methodology has had a positive impact on FMI and their team collaboration. The procurement process is faster, which especially is evident in pilot case 3, but also the initial versions of pilot case 1 and 2. However, here, the cases were subject to external conditions which increased the duration. FMI experiences satisfaction from stakeholders involved in the procurement. This satisfaction is also present in most of the team members engaging with the methodology. Hence overall, integrating the Half Double Methodology in FMI’s team collaboration is perceived as a success in FMI and continues to be applied. However, there is still room for improvements in the procurement process and team configuration. This relates to the application of HDM, but also other constraints in FMI, which is related to a lack of resources to develop interdisciplinary teams, as well as challenges from covid-19 restrictions. The purpose of this report is to outline the evaluation and comparison approach and the knowledge obtained through a detailed data collection process, in order to examine the implementation and application of the Half Double Methodology (HDM) at Forsvarsministeriets Material- og Indkøbsstyrelse (FMI), as well as compare and contrast pilot and reference projects. State-owned FMI is the Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization (English abbreviation: DALO), and thus a unit under the Ministry of Defence and the Danish public sector. It is likely that the Half Double Methodology has had a positive impact on FMI and their team collaboration. The procurement process is faster, which especially is evident in pilot case 3, but also the initial versions of pilot case 1 and 2. However, here, the cases were subject to external conditions which increased the duration. FMI experiences satisfaction from stakeholders involved in the procurement. This satisfaction is also present in most of the team members engaging with the methodology. Hence overall, integrating the Half Double Methodology in FMI’s team collaboration is perceived as a success in FMI and continues to be applied. However, there is still room for improvements in the procurement process and team configuration. This relates to the application of HDM, but also other constraints in FMI, which is related to a lack of resources to develop interdisciplinary teams, as well as challenges from covid-19 restrictions.

What has led Italians to reach among the highest levels of longevity in the world in just over a century and a half? What value should we attribute to the years of life that have been added? Do we expect good health or a long old age characterized by illness and lack of autonomy? Who is left behind and why, as the majority of the population heads for a longer life? And finally, does Covid-19 jeopardize the longevity that has been achieved or is it just a temporary deviation? This book reconstructs the path taken by our country in controlling the risks of death and morbidity, offers a complete picture of the known and urgent frailties that emerged with the pandemic, and outlines possible developments and strategies for the near future.

The content of Resolution MSC.473(ES.2) can be summarized in five main points and one invitation to IMO Member States.The first point pertains to the implementation of the Framework of Protocols. The second point pertains to the designation of seafarers as ‘key workers’ in order to facilitate safe and unhindered movement for embarking or disembarking a vessel. The third point pertains to the consideration of temporary migration measures to ease mobility of seafarers, eg waivers or relaxations of visa or documentary requirements. The fourth point is on the use of prevention measures such as testing crews before embarkation; this requires active conduct by port states, namely providing access to personal protective equipment and testing facilities. The fifth point is on providing seafarers with immediate access to medical care and facilities, as well as with evacuation when the assistance required cannot be provided on board or at port; this aims to prevent humanitarian situations such as casualties onboard vessels due to lack of access to intensive care units. Furthermore, the Resolution invites Member States to designate a National Focal Point on Crew Change and Repatriation of Seafarers (‘National Focal Point’).

Denne ph.d.-afhandling består af en indledende rammetekst (”kappe”) og fem forskningsartikler. Emnet for denne afhandling er grænsen og skæringspunktet mellem arbejde og ikke-arbejde, det personlige og det professionelle. Fokus i denne afhandling er på sociale medier, og mere specifikt enterprise sociale medier (ESM). Det empiriske emne er det ESM’et Workplace fra Meta (førWorkplace fra Facebook). Det forskningsspørgsmål, der ligger til grund for denne afhandling, er, hvordan brugen og fortolkningen af virksomhedens sociale medier komplicerer grænsen mellem det personlige og det professionelle, eller arbejde og ikke-arbejde.”Kappen” består af en kort ouverture og fem kapitler. I ouverturen antyder jegafhandlingens temaer gennem analysen af en personlig anekdote. I det første egentlige kapitel introducerer jeg problemområdet (grænsen mellem arbejde og ikke-arbejde og den rolle medier har i at forme denne grænse), forskningscasen (Workplace from Meta) og forskningsspørgsmålene. I andet kapitel giver jeg et overblik over både arbejde og sociale medier som kontekster for sig selv. I samme kapitel skitserer jeg, hvordan den hidtil gensidige mangel på interesse mellem medievidenskab og studier af arbejdslivet efterlader virksomheders sociale medier i et mellemområde mellem discipliner. I det tredje kapitel skitserer jeg de forskningsmetoder, der ligger til grund for de empiriskeforskningsartikler i dette projekt. Denne metode er inspireret af mediereceptionsstudier og søger at forstå, hvordan et udvalg af empiriske brugere (n=28) fortolker og bruger Workplace from Meta gennem kvalitative interviews. I det fjerde kapitel af rammeteksten diskuterer jeg resultaterne af dette forskningsprojekt og fremhæver, hvordan Workplace from Meta indtager et mellemrum mellem arbejde og ikke-arbejde, idet det er et medie for den professionelle kontekst, som er stærkt afhængig af fortrolighed. med sociale medier fra det personlige liv. Jeg afslutter dette kapitel med at foreslå, hvordandette skal informere fremtidig forskning. I femte og sidste kapitel opsummerer jeg konklusionerne af det overordnede forskningsprojekt.I den første forskningsartikel, med titlen "Social Media and Work: A Framework of Eight Intersections" (udgivet i International Journal of Communication) præsenterer jeg en gennemgang af områder i den eksisterende forskning, hvor sociale medier og arbejde overlapper. Efter at have afgrænset de to begreber "sociale medier" og "arbejde", skitserer jeg 8 konceptualiseringer, derbeskriver forskellige typer af skæringspunkter mellem disse to domæner: (1) sociale medier før arbejde, (2) sociale medier i stedet for arbejde, (3) sociale medier til arbejdsformål, (4) sociale medier om arbejde, (5) sociale medier som arbejde, (6) sociale medier under arbejde, (7) arbejde for sociale medierog (8) sociale medier efter arbejde. Jeg fortsætter med at diskutere, hvordan disse forskellige konceptualiseringer kan give anledning til (empiriske) forskelle i, hvordan individer oplever sociale medier og arbejder, og hvordan de to temaer giver forskellige analytiske fokuspunkter. Jeg slutter af med en konklusion om, hvordan forskning bør sensibiliseres over for en verden af post-sociale medier.I den anden forskningsartikel, med titlen "Digital Disconnection Research in Review: What, How and Who?" (Sendt til fagfællebedømmelse), gennemgår jeg hvor modreaktionen mod digitale medier har manifesteret sig i hverdagens praksis med digital afkobling (”digital disconnection”) eller bevidst ikke-brug af medier. Denne artikel søger at skabe et overblik over det sidste årti afempirisk afbrydelsesforskning og spore både dens overordnede tendenser og dens grænser. Dette sker gennem en analyse af 346 empiriske undersøgelser om digital afkobling. I denne artikels formål er forskning om digital afkobling defineret af en forskningsetos, der ikke ser handlingen med ikke-brug afmedier eller begrænset mediebrug som noget, der skal afhjælpes. I gennemgangen har forskningens typiske interesse været at studere relativt unge og individualiserede agenters afbrydelse af sociale medier, en afkobling som ofte er midlertidig eller delvis. Derfor overvejer artiklens diskussionsdel muligheden for, at åbenheden i digitale afkoblingsstudier kan strække sig yderligere, med særlig vægt på strukturer og sammenhænge, hvor afbrydelse ikke kun kan problematiseres af imperativerne om "altid på" kommunikation, specifikt i arbejdslivet.I den tredje forskningsartikel, med titlen "Professional, Transmedia Selves: Finding a Place for Enterprise Social Media" (indsendt til fagfællebedømmelse), antager jeg et udvidet syn på transmedieteori for at argumentere for, hvordan enterprise sociale medier (ESM), og især Workplace from Meta, faciliterer en mulighed for digital selvpræsentation. Argumentet er, at almindelige brugerenu er castet i rollen som transmedieproducenter, som skal finde ud af, hvilket unikt bidrag ESM kan give. Kapitlet fortsætter derefter med at skitsere tre individuelle casestudier af, hvordan integrationen af ESM’et Workplace fra Facebook kan udvikle sig. De forskellige cases illustrerer, hvordan overvejelserom både selvpromovering, medborgerskab på arbejdspladsen eller brug af ESM's legende funktioner både kan tilskynde til brug og i sidste ende marginalisere mediet i arbejderens personlige transmedieøkologi.I den fjerde forskningsartikel, med titlen "Overcoming Forced Disconnection:Disentangling the Professional and the Personal in Pandemic Times" (udgivet i antologien Reckoning with Social Media, red. Aleena Chia, Ana Jorge og Tero Karppi), medforfattet med Stine Lomborg , vender jeg mig imod spørgsmålet om, hvilken rolle Workplace spiller, når arbejdspladsen forsvinder. Ved at analysere de interviews, der blev gennemført under det første højdepunkt af COVID-19 pandemien, undersøger vi, hvilken rolle Workplace menes at spille under de på det tidspunkt ekstraordinære omstændigheder, som nedlukningen medførte. Her tyder beviserne på, at Workplaces fatiske kommunikative muligheder var sekundære i forhold til mere "levende" kommunikationsformer.Derudover repræsenterede COVID-19-lockdowns et tydeligt eksempel på arbejde, der migrerede ind i domænet af de personlige, potentielt eroderende tidsmæssige, rumlige og sociale grænser undervejs. Under disse mstændigheder var Workplace ikke blot et medie, der var "vandret" fra det personlige tildet professionelle liv. Det professionelle liv var nu uundgåeligt kastet sig ind i det personlige. Ud over at give flere eksempler på forhandlingerne om, hvilken form for kommunikation Workplace skal fremme, illustrerer denne artikel også vanskeligheden ved at stole på dette medie for fællesskab på arbejdspladsen, især under omstændigheder, hvor arbejdslivet blev særligt afhængig af digitale medier. I den femte og sidste forskningsartikel med titlen " An organisational cultivation of digital resignation? Enterprise social media, privacy, and autonomy” (udgivet i Nordicom Review 42(s4)), diskuterer jeg, hvordan enterprise sociale medier (ESM) stort set er blevet ignoreret i diskussioner om dataficeringspraksisser på sociale medieplatforme. Jeg præsenterer et første skridt i retning af at udfyldedette forskningshul. Mit forskningsspørgsmål i denne artikel vedrører, hvordan medarbejdere i virksomheder, der bruger ESM’et Workplace fra Facebook, føler, at implementeringen af denne særlige platform relaterer sig til deres potentielle kampe for digitalt privatliv og segmentering af arbejdsliv. Metodisk udforsker jeg dette gennem en kvalitativ interviewundersøgelse af 21 danske vidensarbejdere i forskellige organisationer, der anvender Workplace from Meta. Artiklens centrale analytiske forslag er, at interviewpersonerne udtrykker en "digital resignation" over for implementeringen af ESM. I modsætning til tidligere diskussioner kan denne fratræden ikke kun opfattes som "virksomhedsdyrket"af tredjeparter, men skal også betragtes som "organisatorisk dyrket" af de organisationer, folk arbejder for. Undersøgelsen foreslår, at dataficerings-orienterede mediestudier bør overveje organisatoriske sammenhænge.

COVID-19 har påvirket det danske samfund på alle tænkelige måder: menneskeligt, politisk, økonomisk og sundhedsmæssigt. Vi kan ikke forvente et klart svar på, om der blev handlet rigtigt under krisen. Nogle af de helt centrale spørgsmål er, om indgrebene var for vidtgående, hvordan beslutningerne blev taget, og om de økonomiske konsekvenser af beslutningerne blev undersøgt. Disse og flere andre spørgsmål forsøger bogen at besvare.Smittetryk og samfundssind undersøger også konsekvenserne for sundhedsvæsenet. Blev corona-patienter opprioriteret på bekostning af andre patientgrupper, fx kræft- og hjertepatienter, og var opbremsningen af operationer og behandlinger for voldsom? Var vi godt nok forberedt? Var beredskabsplanerne i for høj grad præget af erfaringer med influenza? Var lageropbygning af værnemidler og overvejelser om robuste forsyningskæder en del af planlægningen? Bogen giver svar på alle disse spørgsmål og fremlægger de overvejelser, der viser sig i forbindelse med den vaccine, der ventes i løbet af 2021. Hvem kommer først med vaccinen? Og hvem skal vaccineres først?

The Working Group on Nephrops Surveys (WGNEPS) is the international coordination group for Nephrops underwater television and trawl surveys within ICES. This report summarizes the national contributions on the results of the surveys conducted in 2021 together with time series covering all survey years, problems encountered, data quality checks and technological improvements as well as the planning for survey activities for 2022. In total, 19 surveys covering 25 functional units (FU’s) in the ICES area and 1 geographical subarea (GSA) in the Adriatic Sea were discussed and further improvements in respect to survey design and data analysis standardization and the use of recent technologies were reviewed. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic there were minimal disruptions to survey operations where one survey was not completed (GSA 17). A trial trawl Nephrops survey offshore Portugal was carried out on the new research vessel.Preliminary work on how to measure burrow system size was presented using high definition (HD) and standard definition (SD) image data. Further work on comparison of SD and HD indicates the change to HD system mounted with a different camera angle was not significantly different for two survey areas (FU 16 and FU 20-21).Automatic burrow detection based on deep learning methods continues to show promising results where datasets from multiple institutes were used. The working group members have agreed to draft a roadmap for automatic system technology requirements with links to the Working Group on Machine Learning in Marine Science (WGMLEARN) and current researchers.The working group is progressing plans for an international Nephrops Underwater television (UWTW) database to be established at the ICES Data Centre. End-users of UWTV datasets for epifauna reporting presented their work and showed the potential for adding value to the survey data, where many of the institutes are involved in providing data for similar research purposes.