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10,036 Research products

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  • 2014-2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Singh, Kavita; Kondal, Dimple; Raspail, Lana; +32 Authors

    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/gh.1128.].

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cardinali, Daniel Pedro;

    Abstract: Preservation of a robust circadian rhythmicity (particulsarly of the sleep/wake cycle), a proper nutrition and adequate physical exercise are key elements for healthy aging. Aging comes along with circadian alteration, e.g. a disrupted sleep and inflammation, that leads to metabolic disorders. In turn, sleep cycle disturbances cause numerous pathophysiological changes that accelerates the aging process. In the central nervous system, sleep disruption impairs several functions, among them, the clearance of waste molecules. The decrease of plasma melatonin, a molecule of unusual phylogenetic conservation present in all known aerobic organisms, plays a particular role as far as the endocrine sequels of aging. Every day, the late afternoon/nocturnal increase of melatonin synchronizes both the central circadian pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei as well as myriads of peripheral cellular circadian clocks. This is called the “chronobiotic effect” of melatonin, the methoxyindole being the prototype of the endogenous family of chronobiotic agents. In addition, melatonin exerts a significant cytoprotective action by buffering free radicals and reversing inflammation via down regulation of proinflammatory cytokines, suppression of low degree inflammation and prevention of insulin resistance. Because of these properties melatonin has been advocated to be a potential therapeutic tool in COVID 19 pandemic. Melatonin administration to aged animals counteracts a significant number of senescence-related changes. In humans, melatonin is effective both as a chronobiotic and a cytoprotective agent to maintain a healthy aging. Circulating melatonin levels are consistently reduced in the metabolic syndrome, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders like the Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The potential therapeutic value of melatonin has been suggested by a limited number of clinical trials generally employing melatonin in the 2–10 mg/day range. However, from animal studies the cytoprotective effects of melatonin need higher doses to become apparent (i.e. in the 100 mg/day range). Hence, controlled studies employing melatonin doses in this range are urgently needed.

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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Dingemans, Anne-Marie C.; Soo, Ross A.; Jazieh, Abdul Rahman; Rice, Shawn J.; +20 Authors

    The global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to escalate at a rapid pace inundating medical facilities and creating substantial challenges globally. The risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with cancer seems to be higher, espe- cially as they are more likely to present with an immuno- compromised condition, either from cancer itself or from the treatments they receive. A major consideration in the delivery of cancer care during the pandemic is to balance the risk of patient exposure and infection with the need to provide effective cancer treatment. Many aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection currently remain poorly characterized and even less is known about the course of infection in the context of a patient with cancer. As SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, the risk of infection directly affects the cancer patient being treated, other cancer patients in close prox- imity, and health care providers. Infection at any level for patients or providers can cause considerable disruption to even the most effective treatment plans. Lung cancer pa- tients, especially those with reduced lung function and cardiopulmonary comorbidities are more likely to have increased risk and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 as one of its common manifestations is as an acute respi- ratory illness. The purpose of this manuscript is to present a practical multidisciplinary and international overview to assist in treatment for lung cancer patients during this pandemic, with the caveat that evidence is lacking in many areas. It is expected that firmer recommendations can be developed as more evidence becomes available. (C) 2020 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Grupo de Trabajo de Efectividad Vacunación COVID-19; Limia Sánchez, Aurora; Olmedo-Lucerón, Carmen; Sierra Moros, María José; +7 Authors

    Revisión del 20 de mayo de 2022. Este informe muestra los siguientes resultados: • Se ha utilizado el método de screening para el seguimiento de la efectividad de las vacunas (EV) desde abril de 2021, cuando el grupo poblacional de 80 y más años alcanzó la vacunación completa, hasta febrero de 2022. Este método se basa en datos agregados y, por tanto, no es exacto en sus estimaciones, aunque sí es válido para dar rangos de estimaciones y para detectar tendencias. La revisión del 20 de mayo respecto a los resultados iniciales publicados el 20 de abril, consiste en la utilización de los datos de 16 de las 19 Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas, mientras que en el informe previo se habían utilizado únicamente los datos de 8 de ellas. Esto permite una mayor solidez de las estimaciones. • La EV frente a enfermedad grave (hospitalización y fallecimiento) es elevada, siendo por lo general superior al 80% durante el periodo del estudio, excepto en personas menores de 60 años durante los meses de circulación de la variante Ómicron del SARS-CoV-2, donde la EV desciende hasta el 60-70%. • Se observa un leve descenso de la EV frente a hospitalización hacia los 5 meses tras la vacunación. Esto es evidente, por ejemplo, en el grupo de 80 y más años, y en menor medida en 70-79. Sin embargo, las dosis de recuerdo han logrado restaurar la EV hasta niveles similares a los observados al inicio del programa de vacunación, sobre todo en las personas por encima de los 60 años. • La llegada y expansión de la variante Ómicron de SARS-CoV-2 entre diciembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022 se asocia a una disminución de la EV frente a hospitalización que ha sido de baja magnitud, posiblemente por estar la inmunidad celular bastante conservada frente a esta variante. En los mayores de 50 años, además, la administración de dosis de recuerdo ha contribuido a mantener una EV elevada. En los grupos por debajo de 50 años, que tuvieron una mayor incidencia durante la onda Ómicron, se observa un mayor descenso en la EV frente a hospitalización. Esto podría estar ligado, al menos en parte, a una mayor exposición de estos grupos de edad, así como a la inclusión de hospitalizaciones con test COVID-19 positivo pero que no corresponden a hospitalizaciones por COVID-19 grave. • Para interpretar la EV a lo largo del tiempo, es importante tener en cuenta que la población está compuesta, cada vez en mayor proporción, por personas con antecedente de infección por SARS CoV-2. Esto ocurre entre las personas vacunadas, pero, sobre todo, gracias a la protección conferida por la vacuna, entre las personas no vacunadas. Esto hace que el comparador no vacunado se encuentre parcialmente inmunizado, especialmente en los grupos que han experimentado mayor incidencia de infección, como son los jóvenes. Además, muchos de los casos puedan haber quedado sin diagnosticar por cursar de forma muy leve o asintomática. El resultado es que una proporción mayor (y desconocida) de los no vacunados tienen un riesgo más bajo por haber tenido infección, lo que infraestima el efecto beneficioso de la vacunación. En el mismo sentido, también es plausible que personas que saben que han pasado la infección decidan con mayor frecuencia no vacunarse, especialmente entre grupos con bajo riesgo de enfermedad grave, como son los menores de 40 años. Estos efectos podrían explicar la menor EV encontrada en los jóvenes en la onda Ómicron, tras las cifras de incidencia muy elevadas en estos grupos, así como la disminución de la EV al avanzar en el tiempo. • Debido a las limitaciones mencionadas en el punto anterior, junto con el cese de la realización de pruebas de diagnósticas de SARS-CoV-2 de forma sistemática a casos sintomáticos y contactos coincidiendo con la onda Ómicron, aunque se ha analizado la EV frente a infección confirmada, no se incluye en el informe debido a la dificultad de su interpretación. Sí

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    Authors: Gerència d'Àrea de Cultura, Educació, Ciència i Comunitat; Tinència d'Alcaldia de Cultura, Educació, Ciència i Comunitat;

    Revisió i ampliació del pla Barcelona de Ciència 2020-2030 per adaptar-lo al context de pandèmia generat per la covid-19. S'incorporen mesures per reforçar la ciència com a motor de recuperació econòmica de la ciutat i s'afegeixen 2 nous projectes.

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    Authors: Imarisio, L.; Malvicini, M.; Sobrino, G.;
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    Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Desconfinament; Transmissió; Detecció precoç; Aïllament Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Desconfinamiento; Transmisión; Detección precoz; Aislamiento Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Boundary; Transmission; Early detection; Isolation Informació adreçada a la població amb les indicacions a seguir després del desconfinament per aturar la transmissió, detectar nous casos i aïllar-los durant la pandèmia de coronavirus COVID-19. Información dirigida a la población con las indicaciones a seguir tras el desconfinament para detener la transmisión, detectar nuevos casos y aislarlos durante la pandemia de coronavirus C0VID-19. Information addressed to the population with the instructions to follow to stop transmission, detect new cases and isolate them during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

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    Authors: Konugolu Venkata Sekar, Sanathana; Guadagno, Claudia Nunzia; Zanoletti, Marta; Cortese, Lorenzo; +14 Authors

    We propose a standardized approach for performance assessment and quality-control of the novel VASCOVID system based on optical phantoms. This approach is tailored to meet the requirements of the Medical Device Regulation, and is extendable to other biophotonics devices.

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    Authors: Kerksieck, Philipp; Brauchli, Rebecca; de Bloom, Jessica; Shimazu, Akihito; +3 Authors

    Ongoing developments, such as digitalization, increased the interference of the work and nonwork life domains, urging many to continuously manage engagement in respective domains. The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent home-office regulations further boosted the need for employees to find a good work-nonwork balance, thereby optimizing their health and well-being. Consequently, proactive individual-level crafting strategies for balancing work with other relevant life domains were becoming increasingly important. However, these strategies received insufficient attention in previous research despite their potential relevance for satisfying psychological needs, such as psychological detachment. We addressed this research gap by introducing a new scale measuring crafting for a work-nonwork balance and examining its relevance in job-and life satisfaction, work engagement, subjective vitality, family role and job performance, boundary management and self-rated work-nonwork balance. The Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale was validated in five countries (Austria, Finland, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland), encompassing data from a heterogeneous sample of more than 4,200 employees. In study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factorial scale structure. Confirmatory factor analysis, test for measurement invariance, and convergent validity were provided in study 2. Replication of confirmatory factor analysis, incremental and criterion validity of the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale for job and life satisfaction were assessed in study 3. Study 4 displayed criterion validity, test–retest reliability, testing measurement invariance, and applicability of the scale across work cultures. Finally, study 5 delivered evidence for the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale in predicting work-nonwork balance. The novel Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale captured crafting for the challenging balance between work and nonwork and performed well across several different working cultures in increasingly digitalized societies. Both researchers and practitioners may use this tool to assess crafting efforts to balance both life domains and to study relationships with outcomes relevant to employee health and well-being.

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    Authors: Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Singh, Kavita; Kondal, Dimple; Raspail, Lana; +32 Authors

    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.5334/gh.1128.].

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    Authors: Cardinali, Daniel Pedro;

    Abstract: Preservation of a robust circadian rhythmicity (particulsarly of the sleep/wake cycle), a proper nutrition and adequate physical exercise are key elements for healthy aging. Aging comes along with circadian alteration, e.g. a disrupted sleep and inflammation, that leads to metabolic disorders. In turn, sleep cycle disturbances cause numerous pathophysiological changes that accelerates the aging process. In the central nervous system, sleep disruption impairs several functions, among them, the clearance of waste molecules. The decrease of plasma melatonin, a molecule of unusual phylogenetic conservation present in all known aerobic organisms, plays a particular role as far as the endocrine sequels of aging. Every day, the late afternoon/nocturnal increase of melatonin synchronizes both the central circadian pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei as well as myriads of peripheral cellular circadian clocks. This is called the “chronobiotic effect” of melatonin, the methoxyindole being the prototype of the endogenous family of chronobiotic agents. In addition, melatonin exerts a significant cytoprotective action by buffering free radicals and reversing inflammation via down regulation of proinflammatory cytokines, suppression of low degree inflammation and prevention of insulin resistance. Because of these properties melatonin has been advocated to be a potential therapeutic tool in COVID 19 pandemic. Melatonin administration to aged animals counteracts a significant number of senescence-related changes. In humans, melatonin is effective both as a chronobiotic and a cytoprotective agent to maintain a healthy aging. Circulating melatonin levels are consistently reduced in the metabolic syndrome, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders like the Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The potential therapeutic value of melatonin has been suggested by a limited number of clinical trials generally employing melatonin in the 2–10 mg/day range. However, from animal studies the cytoprotective effects of melatonin need higher doses to become apparent (i.e. in the 100 mg/day range). Hence, controlled studies employing melatonin doses in this range are urgently needed.

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    Authors: Dingemans, Anne-Marie C.; Soo, Ross A.; Jazieh, Abdul Rahman; Rice, Shawn J.; +20 Authors

    The global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to escalate at a rapid pace inundating medical facilities and creating substantial challenges globally. The risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with cancer seems to be higher, espe- cially as they are more likely to present with an immuno- compromised condition, either from cancer itself or from the treatments they receive. A major consideration in the delivery of cancer care during the pandemic is to balance the risk of patient exposure and infection with the need to provide effective cancer treatment. Many aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection currently remain poorly characterized and even less is known about the course of infection in the context of a patient with cancer. As SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, the risk of infection directly affects the cancer patient being treated, other cancer patients in close prox- imity, and health care providers. Infection at any level for patients or providers can cause considerable disruption to even the most effective treatment plans. Lung cancer pa- tients, especially those with reduced lung function and cardiopulmonary comorbidities are more likely to have increased risk and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 as one of its common manifestations is as an acute respi- ratory illness. The purpose of this manuscript is to present a practical multidisciplinary and international overview to assist in treatment for lung cancer patients during this pandemic, with the caveat that evidence is lacking in many areas. It is expected that firmer recommendations can be developed as more evidence becomes available. (C) 2020 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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    Authors: Grupo de Trabajo de Efectividad Vacunación COVID-19; Limia Sánchez, Aurora; Olmedo-Lucerón, Carmen; Sierra Moros, María José; +7 Authors

    Revisión del 20 de mayo de 2022. Este informe muestra los siguientes resultados: • Se ha utilizado el método de screening para el seguimiento de la efectividad de las vacunas (EV) desde abril de 2021, cuando el grupo poblacional de 80 y más años alcanzó la vacunación completa, hasta febrero de 2022. Este método se basa en datos agregados y, por tanto, no es exacto en sus estimaciones, aunque sí es válido para dar rangos de estimaciones y para detectar tendencias. La revisión del 20 de mayo respecto a los resultados iniciales publicados el 20 de abril, consiste en la utilización de los datos de 16 de las 19 Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas, mientras que en el informe previo se habían utilizado únicamente los datos de 8 de ellas. Esto permite una mayor solidez de las estimaciones. • La EV frente a enfermedad grave (hospitalización y fallecimiento) es elevada, siendo por lo general superior al 80% durante el periodo del estudio, excepto en personas menores de 60 años durante los meses de circulación de la variante Ómicron del SARS-CoV-2, donde la EV desciende hasta el 60-70%. • Se observa un leve descenso de la EV frente a hospitalización hacia los 5 meses tras la vacunación. Esto es evidente, por ejemplo, en el grupo de 80 y más años, y en menor medida en 70-79. Sin embargo, las dosis de recuerdo han logrado restaurar la EV hasta niveles similares a los observados al inicio del programa de vacunación, sobre todo en las personas por encima de los 60 años. • La llegada y expansión de la variante Ómicron de SARS-CoV-2 entre diciembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022 se asocia a una disminución de la EV frente a hospitalización que ha sido de baja magnitud, posiblemente por estar la inmunidad celular bastante conservada frente a esta variante. En los mayores de 50 años, además, la administración de dosis de recuerdo ha contribuido a mantener una EV elevada. En los grupos por debajo de 50 años, que tuvieron una mayor incidencia durante la onda Ómicron, se observa un mayor descenso en la EV frente a hospitalización. Esto podría estar ligado, al menos en parte, a una mayor exposición de estos grupos de edad, así como a la inclusión de hospitalizaciones con test COVID-19 positivo pero que no corresponden a hospitalizaciones por COVID-19 grave. • Para interpretar la EV a lo largo del tiempo, es importante tener en cuenta que la población está compuesta, cada vez en mayor proporción, por personas con antecedente de infección por SARS CoV-2. Esto ocurre entre las personas vacunadas, pero, sobre todo, gracias a la protección conferida por la vacuna, entre las personas no vacunadas. Esto hace que el comparador no vacunado se encuentre parcialmente inmunizado, especialmente en los grupos que han experimentado mayor incidencia de infección, como son los jóvenes. Además, muchos de los casos puedan haber quedado sin diagnosticar por cursar de forma muy leve o asintomática. El resultado es que una proporción mayor (y desconocida) de los no vacunados tienen un riesgo más bajo por haber tenido infección, lo que infraestima el efecto beneficioso de la vacunación. En el mismo sentido, también es plausible que personas que saben que han pasado la infección decidan con mayor frecuencia no vacunarse, especialmente entre grupos con bajo riesgo de enfermedad grave, como son los menores de 40 años. Estos efectos podrían explicar la menor EV encontrada en los jóvenes en la onda Ómicron, tras las cifras de incidencia muy elevadas en estos grupos, así como la disminución de la EV al avanzar en el tiempo. • Debido a las limitaciones mencionadas en el punto anterior, junto con el cese de la realización de pruebas de diagnósticas de SARS-CoV-2 de forma sistemática a casos sintomáticos y contactos coincidiendo con la onda Ómicron, aunque se ha analizado la EV frente a infección confirmada, no se incluye en el informe debido a la dificultad de su interpretación. Sí

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    Authors: Gerència d'Àrea de Cultura, Educació, Ciència i Comunitat; Tinència d'Alcaldia de Cultura, Educació, Ciència i Comunitat;

    Revisió i ampliació del pla Barcelona de Ciència 2020-2030 per adaptar-lo al context de pandèmia generat per la covid-19. S'incorporen mesures per reforçar la ciència com a motor de recuperació econòmica de la ciutat i s'afegeixen 2 nous projectes.

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    Authors: Imarisio, L.; Malvicini, M.; Sobrino, G.;
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    Archivio Istituzionale
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      Archivio Istituzionale
      Other ORP type . 2020
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    Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Desconfinament; Transmissió; Detecció precoç; Aïllament Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Desconfinamiento; Transmisión; Detección precoz; Aislamiento Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Boundary; Transmission; Early detection; Isolation Informació adreçada a la població amb les indicacions a seguir després del desconfinament per aturar la transmissió, detectar nous casos i aïllar-los durant la pandèmia de coronavirus COVID-19. Información dirigida a la población con las indicaciones a seguir tras el desconfinament para detener la transmisión, detectar nuevos casos y aislarlos durante la pandemia de coronavirus C0VID-19. Information addressed to the population with the instructions to follow to stop transmission, detect new cases and isolate them during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

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    Authors: Konugolu Venkata Sekar, Sanathana; Guadagno, Claudia Nunzia; Zanoletti, Marta; Cortese, Lorenzo; +14 Authors

    We propose a standardized approach for performance assessment and quality-control of the novel VASCOVID system based on optical phantoms. This approach is tailored to meet the requirements of the Medical Device Regulation, and is extendable to other biophotonics devices.

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    Authors: Kerksieck, Philipp; Brauchli, Rebecca; de Bloom, Jessica; Shimazu, Akihito; +3 Authors

    Ongoing developments, such as digitalization, increased the interference of the work and nonwork life domains, urging many to continuously manage engagement in respective domains. The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent home-office regulations further boosted the need for employees to find a good work-nonwork balance, thereby optimizing their health and well-being. Consequently, proactive individual-level crafting strategies for balancing work with other relevant life domains were becoming increasingly important. However, these strategies received insufficient attention in previous research despite their potential relevance for satisfying psychological needs, such as psychological detachment. We addressed this research gap by introducing a new scale measuring crafting for a work-nonwork balance and examining its relevance in job-and life satisfaction, work engagement, subjective vitality, family role and job performance, boundary management and self-rated work-nonwork balance. The Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale was validated in five countries (Austria, Finland, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland), encompassing data from a heterogeneous sample of more than 4,200 employees. In study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factorial scale structure. Confirmatory factor analysis, test for measurement invariance, and convergent validity were provided in study 2. Replication of confirmatory factor analysis, incremental and criterion validity of the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale for job and life satisfaction were assessed in study 3. Study 4 displayed criterion validity, test–retest reliability, testing measurement invariance, and applicability of the scale across work cultures. Finally, study 5 delivered evidence for the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale in predicting work-nonwork balance. The novel Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale captured crafting for the challenging balance between work and nonwork and performed well across several different working cultures in increasingly digitalized societies. Both researchers and practitioners may use this tool to assess crafting efforts to balance both life domains and to study relationships with outcomes relevant to employee health and well-being.

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