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Research data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 EnglishPublisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | OPTAIN, EC | EJP SOILEC| OPTAIN ,EC| EJP SOILAuthors: Turek, Maria Eliza; Holzkämper, Annelie;Turek, Maria Eliza; Holzkämper, Annelie;data_analysis: R scripts for processing data lysimeter: reference data on soil water content from lysimeter Zurich Reckenholz and simulated soil moisture projections: simulated outputs on water balance and crop compoenents soil: soil parameters from lysimeter monolith and estimates of soil hydraulic properties derived from pedotransfer function
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023Embargo end date: 09 Jan 2023Publisher:ETH Zurich Funded by:SNSF | Evidence-based Transforma...SNSF| Evidence-based Transformation in Pesticide GovernanceAuthors: Wang, Yanbing; Möhring, Niklas; Finger, Robert;Wang, Yanbing; Möhring, Niklas; Finger, Robert;Datasets to replicate results from "When my neighbors matter: spillover effects in the adoption of large-scale pesticide-free wheat production" by Wang, Möhring, and Finger (2023). Due to restricted information (farm coordinates) contained in raw data, compiled data for regression analysis are published. R codes published at https://github.com/ivoryday/pestifree_spillover.git
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 EnglishPublisher:EnviDat Funded by:SNSF | Dynamic crack propagation...SNSF| Dynamic crack propagation in dry snow: from crack formation to predicting slab avalanche sizeAuthors: Bergfeld, Bastian; van Herwijnen, Alec; Schweizer, Jürg;Bergfeld, Bastian; van Herwijnen, Alec; Schweizer, Jürg;doi: 10.16904/envidat.365
This data set includes material and results described in the related research article: Bergfeld, B., van Herwijnen A., Bobillier, G., Rosendahl P., Weißgraeber P., Adam V., Dual, J., and Schweizer, J.: Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 23, 293-315, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023, 2023. We performed a series of propagation saw test experiments, up to ten meters long, over a period of 10 weeks and analyzed these using digital image correlation techniques. We derived the elastic modulus of the slab, the elastic modulus of the weak layer and the specific fracture energy of the weak layer with a homogeneous and a layered slab model. During crack propagation, we measured crack speed, touchdown distance and the energy dissipation due to compaction and dynamic fracture. Our data set provides unique insight and valuable data to validate models.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2020 EnglishPublisher:Zenodo Funded by:AKA | Centre of Excellence in A..., EC | DAFNE, ANR | ForRISK +9 projectsAKA| Centre of Excellence in Atmospheric Science From Molecular and Biolocigal processes to The Global Climate ,EC| DAFNE ,ANR| ForRISK ,SNSF| Reconciling innovative farming practices and networks to enable sustainable development of smart Swiss farming systems ,ANR| ARBRE ,EC| ICOS ,EC| SUPER-G ,UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| ERA-GAS ,EC| SUMFOREST ,SNSF| Farm-scale Methane Fluxes (FasMeF) ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Authors: Zeeman, Matthias;Zeeman, Matthias;Observation and model data for locations Fendt (DE-Fen), Rottenbuch (DE-RbW) and Graswang (DE-Gwg), in conjunction with selected journal publications. These data have primarily been used for investigation of surface carbon fluxes (Net Ecosystem Exchange, Gross Primary Productivity), seasonal climatic trends and land management. The sites are part of TERENO, a network of observatories in Germany. The TERENO Data Portal should provide other and more up-to-date information. The time period includes the ScaleX intensive observation campaigns that took place in 2015 and 2016. The data format is NetCDF4. A Jupyter notebook is available (see Related identifiers, GitLab) with technical notes and examples.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 105visibility views 105 download downloads 120 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2020Publisher:figshare Funded by:SNSF | Exploiting evolutionary s...SNSF| Exploiting evolutionary signatures to build an enhanced understanding of gene functionHerndon, Nicolae; Shelton, Jennifer; Gerischer, Lizzy; Ioannidis, Panos; Ninova, Maria; Dönitz, Jürgen; Waterhouse, Robert; Liang, Chun; Damm, Carsten; Siemanowski, Janna; Kitzmann, Peter; Ulrich, Julia; Dippel, Stefan; Oberhofer, Georg; Hu, Yonggang; Schwirz, Jonas; Schacht, Magdalena; Lehmann, Sabrina; Montino, Alice; Posnien, Nico; Gurska, Daniela; Horn, Thorsten; Seibert, Jan; Vargas Jentzsch, Iris; Panfilio, Kristen; Li, Jianwei; Wimmer, Ernst; Stappert, Dominik; Roth, Siegfried; Schröder, Reinhard; Park, Yoonseong; Schoppmeier, Michael; Chung, Ho-Ryun; Klingler, Martin; Kittelmann, Sebastian; Friedrich, Markus; Chen, Rui; Altincicek, Boran; Vilcinskas, Andreas; Zdobnov, Evgeny; Griffiths-Jones, Sam; Ronshaugen, Matthew; Stanke, Mario; Brown, Sue; Bucher, Gregor;Additional file 1: Table S1. Table summarizing microRNA data
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:ANR | ForRISK, EC | ICOS, EC | SUPER-G +7 projectsANR| ForRISK ,EC| ICOS ,EC| SUPER-G ,SNSF| Reconciling innovative farming practices and networks to enable sustainable development of smart Swiss farming systems ,ANR| ARBRE ,UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| ERA-GAS ,EC| SUMFOREST ,AKA| Centre of Excellence in Atmospheric Science From Molecular and Biolocigal processes to The Global Climate ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Graf, Alexander; Klosterhalfen, Anne; Arriga, Nicola; Bernhofer, Christian; Bogena, Heye; Bornet, Frédéric; Brüggemann, Nicolas; Brümmer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Jinshu Chi; Chipeaux, Christophe; Cremonese, Edoardo; Cuntz, Matthias; Jiří Dušek; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Fares, Silvano; Fischer, Milan; Foltýnová, Lenka; Gharun, Mana; Ghiasi, Shiva; Gielen, Bert; Gottschalk, Pia; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinemann, Günther; Heinesch, Bernard; Heliasz, Michal; Holst, Jutta; Hörtnagl, Lukas; Ibrom, Andreas; Ingwersen, Joachim; Jurasinski, Gerald; Klatt, Janina; Knohl, Alexander; Koebsch, Franziska; Konopka, Jan; Korkiakoski, Mika; Kowalska, Natalia; Kremer, Pascal; Kruijt, Bart; Lafont, Sebastien; Léonard, Joël; Ligne, Anne De; Longdoz, Bernard; Loustau, Denis; Magliulo, Vincenzo; Mammarella, Ivan; Manca, Giovanni; Mauder, Matthias; Migliavacca, Mirco; Mölder, Meelis; Neirynck, Johan; Ney, Patrizia; Nilsson, Mats; Paul-Limoges, Eugénie; Peichl, Matthias; Pitacco, Andrea; Poyda, Arne; Rebmann, Corinna; Roland, Marilyn; Sachs, Torsten; Schmidt, Marius; Schrader, Frederik; Siebicke, Lukas; Šigut, Ladislav; Eeva-Stiina Tuittila; Varlagin, Andrej; Vendrame, Nadia; Vincke, Caroline; Völksch, Ingo; Weber, Stephan; Wille, Christian; Hans-Dieter Wizemann; Zeeman, Matthias; Vereecken, Harry;Drought and heat events, such as the 2018 European drought, interact with the exchange of energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, potentially affecting albedo, sensible and latent heat fluxes, as well as CO2 exchange. Each of these quantities may aggravate or mitigate the drought, heat, their side effects on productivity, water scarcity and global warming. We used measurements of 56 eddy covariance sites across Europe to examine the response of fluxes to extreme drought prevailing most of the year 2018 and how the response differed across various ecosystem types (forests, grasslands, croplands and peatlands). Each component of the surface radiation and energy balance observed in 2018 was compared to available data per site during a reference period 2004–2017. Based on anomalies in precipitation and reference evapotranspiration, we classified 46 sites as drought affected. These received on average 9% more solar radiation and released 32% more sensible heat to the atmosphere compared to the mean of the reference period. In general, drought decreased net CO2 uptake by 17.8%, but did not significantly change net evapotranspiration. The response of these fluxes differed characteristically between ecosystems; in particular, the general increase in the evaporative index was strongest in peatlands and weakest in croplands.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:figshare Funded by:SNSF | Exploiting evolutionary s...SNSF| Exploiting evolutionary signatures to build an enhanced understanding of gene functionHerndon, Nicolae; Shelton, Jennifer; Gerischer, Lizzy; Ioannidis, Panos; Ninova, Maria; Dönitz, Jürgen; Waterhouse, Robert; Liang, Chun; Damm, Carsten; Siemanowski, Janna; Kitzmann, Peter; Ulrich, Julia; Dippel, Stefan; Oberhofer, Georg; Yonggang Hu; Schwirz, Jonas; Schacht, Magdalena; Lehmann, Sabrina; Montino, Alice; Posnien, Nico; Gurska, Daniela; Horn, Thorsten; Seibert, Jan; Jentzsch, Iris Vargas; Panfilio, Kristen; Jianwei Li; Wimmer, Ernst; Stappert, Dominik; Roth, Siegfried; Schröder, Reinhard; Yoonseong Park; Schoppmeier, Michael; Ho-Ryun Chung; Klingler, Martin; Kittelmann, Sebastian; Friedrich, Markus; Chen, Rui; Altincicek, Boran; Vilcinskas, Andreas; Zdobnov, Evgeny; Griffiths-Jones, Sam; Ronshaugen, Matthew; Stanke, Mario; Brown, Sue; Bucher, Gregor;Abstract Background The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum has emerged as an important model organism for the study of gene function in development and physiology, for ecological and evolutionary genomics, for pest control and a plethora of other topics. RNA interference (RNAi), transgenesis and genome editing are well established and the resources for genome-wide RNAi screening have become available in this model. All these techniques depend on a high quality genome assembly and precise gene models. However, the first version of the genome assembly was generated by Sanger sequencing, and with a small set of RNA sequence data limiting annotation quality. Results Here, we present an improved genome assembly (Tcas5.2) and an enhanced genome annotation resulting in a new official gene set (OGS3) for Tribolium castaneum, which significantly increase the quality of the genomic resources. By adding large-distance jumping library DNA sequencing to join scaffolds and fill small gaps, the gaps in the genome assembly were reduced and the N50 increased to 4753kbp. The precision of the gene models was enhanced by the use of a large body of RNA-Seq reads of different life history stages and tissue types, leading to the discovery of 1452 novel gene sequences. We also added new features such as alternative splicing, well defined UTRs and microRNA target predictions. For quality control, 399 gene models were evaluated by manual inspection. The current gene set was submitted to Genbank and accepted as a RefSeq genome by NCBI. Conclusions The new genome assembly (Tcas5.2) and the official gene set (OGS3) provide enhanced genomic resources for genetic work in Tribolium castaneum. The much improved information on transcription start sites supports transgenic and gene editing approaches. Further, novel types of information such as splice variants and microRNA target genes open additional possibilities for analysis.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:UKRI | IFS-NET: Insect Food Secu..., EC | IMBALANCE-P, SNSF | ICOS-CH Phase 2UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| IMBALANCE-P ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Fu, Zheng; Ciais, Philippe; Bastos, Ana; Stoy, Paul C.; Yang, Hui; Green, Julia K.; Bingxue Wang; Kailiang Yu; Yuanyuan Huang; Knohl, Alexander; Šigut, Ladislav; Gharun, Mana; Cuntz, Matthias; Arriga, Nicola; Roland, Marilyn; Peichl, Matthias; Migliavacca, Mirco; Cremonese, Edoardo; Varlagin, Andrej; Brümmer, Christian; Motte, Louis Gourlez De La; Fares, Silvano; Buchmann, Nina; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Pitacco, Andrea; Vendrame, Nadia; Zhaolei Li; Vincke, Caroline; Magliulo, Enzo; Koebsch, Franziska;In summer 2018, Europe experienced a record drought, but it remains unknown how the drought affected ecosystem carbon dynamics. Using observations from 34 eddy covariance sites in different biomes across Europe, we studied the sensitivity of gross primary productivity (GPP) to environmental drivers during the summer drought of 2018 versus the reference summer of 2016. We found a greater drought-induced decline of summer GPP in grasslands (−38%) than in forests (−10%), which coincided with reduced evapotranspiration and soil water content (SWC). As compared to the ‘normal year’ of 2016, GPP in different ecosystems exhibited more negative sensitivity to summer air temperature (Ta) but stronger positive sensitivity to SWC during summer drought in 2018, that is, a stronger reduction of GPP with soil moisture deficit. We found larger negative effects of Ta and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) but a lower positive effect of photosynthetic photon flux density on GPP in 2018 compared to 2016, which contributed to reduced summer GPP in 2018. Our results demonstrate that high temperature-induced increases in VPD and decreases in SWC aggravated drought impacts on GPP.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research product2018 English Funded by:EC | EPOCA, EC | MEECEEC| EPOCA ,EC| MEECESteinacher, M.; Joos, F.; Frölicher, T. L.; Bopp, L.; Cadule, P.; Cocco, V.; Doney, S. C.; Gehlen, M.; Lindsay, K.; Moore, J. K.; Schneider, B.; Segschneider, J.;Changes in marine net primary productivity (PP) and export of particulate organic carbon (EP) are projected over the 21st century with four global coupled carbon cycle-climate models. These include representations of marine ecosystems and the carbon cycle of different structure and complexity. All four models show a decrease in global mean PP and EP between 2 and 20% by 2100 relative to preindustrial conditions, for the SRES A2 emission scenario. Two different regimes for productivity changes are consistently identified in all models. The first chain of mechanisms is dominant in the low- and mid-latitude ocean and in the North Atlantic: reduced input of macro-nutrients into the euphotic zone related to enhanced stratification, reduced mixed layer depth, and slowed circulation causes a decrease in macro-nutrient concentrations and in PP and EP. The second regime is projected for parts of the Southern Ocean: an alleviation of light and/or temperature limitation leads to an increase in PP and EP as productivity is fueled by a sustained nutrient input. A region of disagreement among the models is the Arctic, where three models project an increase in PP while one model projects a decrease. Projected changes in seasonal and interannual variability are modest in most regions. Regional model skill metrics are proposed to generate multi-model mean fields that show an improved skill in representing observation-based estimates compared to a simple multi-model average. Model results are compared to recent productivity projections with three different algorithms, usually applied to infer net primary production from satellite observations.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research product2018 English Funded by:EC | EPOCA, UKRI | Regional Ecosystem & ..., EC | MEECEEC| EPOCA ,UKRI| Regional Ecosystem & Biogeochemical Impacts of Ocean Acidification - a modelling study. ,EC| MEECEArtioli, Y.; Blackford, J. C.; Nondal, G.; Bellerby, R. G. J.; Wakelin, S. L.; Holt, J. T.; Butenschön, M.; Allen, J. I.;The increase in atmospheric CO2 is a dual threat to the marine environment: from one side it drives climate change, leading to modifications in water temperature, circulation patterns and stratification intensity; on the other side it causes a decrease in marine pH (ocean acidification, or OA) due to the increase in dissolved CO2. Assessing the combined impact of climate change and OA on marine ecosystems is a challenging task. The response of the ecosystem to a single driver can be highly variable and remains still uncertain; additionally the interaction between these can be either synergistic or antagonistic. In this work we use the coupled oceanographic–ecosystem model POLCOMS-ERSEM driven by climate forcing to study the interaction between climate change and OA. We focus in particular on carbonate chemistry, primary and secondary production. The model has been run in three different configurations in order to assess separately the impacts of climate change on net primary production and of OA on the carbonate chemistry, which have been strongly supported by scientific literature, from the impact of biological feedbacks of OA on the ecosystem, whose uncertainty still has to be well constrained. The global mean of the projected decrease of pH at the end of the century is about 0.27 pH units, but the model shows significant interaction among the drivers and high variability in the temporal and spatial response. As a result of this high variability, critical tipping point can be locally and/or temporally reached: e.g. undersaturation with respect to aragonite is projected to occur in the deeper part of the central North Sea during summer. Impacts of climate change and of OA on primary and secondary production may have similar magnitude, compensating in some area and exacerbating in others.
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Research data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 EnglishPublisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | OPTAIN, EC | EJP SOILEC| OPTAIN ,EC| EJP SOILAuthors: Turek, Maria Eliza; Holzkämper, Annelie;Turek, Maria Eliza; Holzkämper, Annelie;data_analysis: R scripts for processing data lysimeter: reference data on soil water content from lysimeter Zurich Reckenholz and simulated soil moisture projections: simulated outputs on water balance and crop compoenents soil: soil parameters from lysimeter monolith and estimates of soil hydraulic properties derived from pedotransfer function
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023Embargo end date: 09 Jan 2023Publisher:ETH Zurich Funded by:SNSF | Evidence-based Transforma...SNSF| Evidence-based Transformation in Pesticide GovernanceAuthors: Wang, Yanbing; Möhring, Niklas; Finger, Robert;Wang, Yanbing; Möhring, Niklas; Finger, Robert;Datasets to replicate results from "When my neighbors matter: spillover effects in the adoption of large-scale pesticide-free wheat production" by Wang, Möhring, and Finger (2023). Due to restricted information (farm coordinates) contained in raw data, compiled data for regression analysis are published. R codes published at https://github.com/ivoryday/pestifree_spillover.git
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 EnglishPublisher:EnviDat Funded by:SNSF | Dynamic crack propagation...SNSF| Dynamic crack propagation in dry snow: from crack formation to predicting slab avalanche sizeAuthors: Bergfeld, Bastian; van Herwijnen, Alec; Schweizer, Jürg;Bergfeld, Bastian; van Herwijnen, Alec; Schweizer, Jürg;doi: 10.16904/envidat.365
This data set includes material and results described in the related research article: Bergfeld, B., van Herwijnen A., Bobillier, G., Rosendahl P., Weißgraeber P., Adam V., Dual, J., and Schweizer, J.: Temporal evolution of crack propagation characteristics in a weak snowpack layer: conditions of crack arrest and sustained propagation, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 23, 293-315, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-293-2023, 2023. We performed a series of propagation saw test experiments, up to ten meters long, over a period of 10 weeks and analyzed these using digital image correlation techniques. We derived the elastic modulus of the slab, the elastic modulus of the weak layer and the specific fracture energy of the weak layer with a homogeneous and a layered slab model. During crack propagation, we measured crack speed, touchdown distance and the energy dissipation due to compaction and dynamic fracture. Our data set provides unique insight and valuable data to validate models.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2020 EnglishPublisher:Zenodo Funded by:AKA | Centre of Excellence in A..., EC | DAFNE, ANR | ForRISK +9 projectsAKA| Centre of Excellence in Atmospheric Science From Molecular and Biolocigal processes to The Global Climate ,EC| DAFNE ,ANR| ForRISK ,SNSF| Reconciling innovative farming practices and networks to enable sustainable development of smart Swiss farming systems ,ANR| ARBRE ,EC| ICOS ,EC| SUPER-G ,UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| ERA-GAS ,EC| SUMFOREST ,SNSF| Farm-scale Methane Fluxes (FasMeF) ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Authors: Zeeman, Matthias;Zeeman, Matthias;Observation and model data for locations Fendt (DE-Fen), Rottenbuch (DE-RbW) and Graswang (DE-Gwg), in conjunction with selected journal publications. These data have primarily been used for investigation of surface carbon fluxes (Net Ecosystem Exchange, Gross Primary Productivity), seasonal climatic trends and land management. The sites are part of TERENO, a network of observatories in Germany. The TERENO Data Portal should provide other and more up-to-date information. The time period includes the ScaleX intensive observation campaigns that took place in 2015 and 2016. The data format is NetCDF4. A Jupyter notebook is available (see Related identifiers, GitLab) with technical notes and examples.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2020Publisher:figshare Funded by:SNSF | Exploiting evolutionary s...SNSF| Exploiting evolutionary signatures to build an enhanced understanding of gene functionHerndon, Nicolae; Shelton, Jennifer; Gerischer, Lizzy; Ioannidis, Panos; Ninova, Maria; Dönitz, Jürgen; Waterhouse, Robert; Liang, Chun; Damm, Carsten; Siemanowski, Janna; Kitzmann, Peter; Ulrich, Julia; Dippel, Stefan; Oberhofer, Georg; Hu, Yonggang; Schwirz, Jonas; Schacht, Magdalena; Lehmann, Sabrina; Montino, Alice; Posnien, Nico; Gurska, Daniela; Horn, Thorsten; Seibert, Jan; Vargas Jentzsch, Iris; Panfilio, Kristen; Li, Jianwei; Wimmer, Ernst; Stappert, Dominik; Roth, Siegfried; Schröder, Reinhard; Park, Yoonseong; Schoppmeier, Michael; Chung, Ho-Ryun; Klingler, Martin; Kittelmann, Sebastian; Friedrich, Markus; Chen, Rui; Altincicek, Boran; Vilcinskas, Andreas; Zdobnov, Evgeny; Griffiths-Jones, Sam; Ronshaugen, Matthew; Stanke, Mario; Brown, Sue; Bucher, Gregor;Additional file 1: Table S1. Table summarizing microRNA data
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:ANR | ForRISK, EC | ICOS, EC | SUPER-G +7 projectsANR| ForRISK ,EC| ICOS ,EC| SUPER-G ,SNSF| Reconciling innovative farming practices and networks to enable sustainable development of smart Swiss farming systems ,ANR| ARBRE ,UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| ERA-GAS ,EC| SUMFOREST ,AKA| Centre of Excellence in Atmospheric Science From Molecular and Biolocigal processes to The Global Climate ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Graf, Alexander; Klosterhalfen, Anne; Arriga, Nicola; Bernhofer, Christian; Bogena, Heye; Bornet, Frédéric; Brüggemann, Nicolas; Brümmer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Jinshu Chi; Chipeaux, Christophe; Cremonese, Edoardo; Cuntz, Matthias; Jiří Dušek; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Fares, Silvano; Fischer, Milan; Foltýnová, Lenka; Gharun, Mana; Ghiasi, Shiva; Gielen, Bert; Gottschalk, Pia; Grünwald, Thomas; Heinemann, Günther; Heinesch, Bernard; Heliasz, Michal; Holst, Jutta; Hörtnagl, Lukas; Ibrom, Andreas; Ingwersen, Joachim; Jurasinski, Gerald; Klatt, Janina; Knohl, Alexander; Koebsch, Franziska; Konopka, Jan; Korkiakoski, Mika; Kowalska, Natalia; Kremer, Pascal; Kruijt, Bart; Lafont, Sebastien; Léonard, Joël; Ligne, Anne De; Longdoz, Bernard; Loustau, Denis; Magliulo, Vincenzo; Mammarella, Ivan; Manca, Giovanni; Mauder, Matthias; Migliavacca, Mirco; Mölder, Meelis; Neirynck, Johan; Ney, Patrizia; Nilsson, Mats; Paul-Limoges, Eugénie; Peichl, Matthias; Pitacco, Andrea; Poyda, Arne; Rebmann, Corinna; Roland, Marilyn; Sachs, Torsten; Schmidt, Marius; Schrader, Frederik; Siebicke, Lukas; Šigut, Ladislav; Eeva-Stiina Tuittila; Varlagin, Andrej; Vendrame, Nadia; Vincke, Caroline; Völksch, Ingo; Weber, Stephan; Wille, Christian; Hans-Dieter Wizemann; Zeeman, Matthias; Vereecken, Harry;Drought and heat events, such as the 2018 European drought, interact with the exchange of energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, potentially affecting albedo, sensible and latent heat fluxes, as well as CO2 exchange. Each of these quantities may aggravate or mitigate the drought, heat, their side effects on productivity, water scarcity and global warming. We used measurements of 56 eddy covariance sites across Europe to examine the response of fluxes to extreme drought prevailing most of the year 2018 and how the response differed across various ecosystem types (forests, grasslands, croplands and peatlands). Each component of the surface radiation and energy balance observed in 2018 was compared to available data per site during a reference period 2004–2017. Based on anomalies in precipitation and reference evapotranspiration, we classified 46 sites as drought affected. These received on average 9% more solar radiation and released 32% more sensible heat to the atmosphere compared to the mean of the reference period. In general, drought decreased net CO2 uptake by 17.8%, but did not significantly change net evapotranspiration. The response of these fluxes differed characteristically between ecosystems; in particular, the general increase in the evaporative index was strongest in peatlands and weakest in croplands.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:figshare Funded by:SNSF | Exploiting evolutionary s...SNSF| Exploiting evolutionary signatures to build an enhanced understanding of gene functionHerndon, Nicolae; Shelton, Jennifer; Gerischer, Lizzy; Ioannidis, Panos; Ninova, Maria; Dönitz, Jürgen; Waterhouse, Robert; Liang, Chun; Damm, Carsten; Siemanowski, Janna; Kitzmann, Peter; Ulrich, Julia; Dippel, Stefan; Oberhofer, Georg; Yonggang Hu; Schwirz, Jonas; Schacht, Magdalena; Lehmann, Sabrina; Montino, Alice; Posnien, Nico; Gurska, Daniela; Horn, Thorsten; Seibert, Jan; Jentzsch, Iris Vargas; Panfilio, Kristen; Jianwei Li; Wimmer, Ernst; Stappert, Dominik; Roth, Siegfried; Schröder, Reinhard; Yoonseong Park; Schoppmeier, Michael; Ho-Ryun Chung; Klingler, Martin; Kittelmann, Sebastian; Friedrich, Markus; Chen, Rui; Altincicek, Boran; Vilcinskas, Andreas; Zdobnov, Evgeny; Griffiths-Jones, Sam; Ronshaugen, Matthew; Stanke, Mario; Brown, Sue; Bucher, Gregor;Abstract Background The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum has emerged as an important model organism for the study of gene function in development and physiology, for ecological and evolutionary genomics, for pest control and a plethora of other topics. RNA interference (RNAi), transgenesis and genome editing are well established and the resources for genome-wide RNAi screening have become available in this model. All these techniques depend on a high quality genome assembly and precise gene models. However, the first version of the genome assembly was generated by Sanger sequencing, and with a small set of RNA sequence data limiting annotation quality. Results Here, we present an improved genome assembly (Tcas5.2) and an enhanced genome annotation resulting in a new official gene set (OGS3) for Tribolium castaneum, which significantly increase the quality of the genomic resources. By adding large-distance jumping library DNA sequencing to join scaffolds and fill small gaps, the gaps in the genome assembly were reduced and the N50 increased to 4753kbp. The precision of the gene models was enhanced by the use of a large body of RNA-Seq reads of different life history stages and tissue types, leading to the discovery of 1452 novel gene sequences. We also added new features such as alternative splicing, well defined UTRs and microRNA target predictions. For quality control, 399 gene models were evaluated by manual inspection. The current gene set was submitted to Genbank and accepted as a RefSeq genome by NCBI. Conclusions The new genome assembly (Tcas5.2) and the official gene set (OGS3) provide enhanced genomic resources for genetic work in Tribolium castaneum. The much improved information on transcription start sites supports transgenic and gene editing approaches. Further, novel types of information such as splice variants and microRNA target genes open additional possibilities for analysis.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Collection 2020Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:UKRI | IFS-NET: Insect Food Secu..., EC | IMBALANCE-P, SNSF | ICOS-CH Phase 2UKRI| IFS-NET: Insect Food Security NETwork ,EC| IMBALANCE-P ,SNSF| ICOS-CH Phase 2Fu, Zheng; Ciais, Philippe; Bastos, Ana; Stoy, Paul C.; Yang, Hui; Green, Julia K.; Bingxue Wang; Kailiang Yu; Yuanyuan Huang; Knohl, Alexander; Šigut, Ladislav; Gharun, Mana; Cuntz, Matthias; Arriga, Nicola; Roland, Marilyn; Peichl, Matthias; Migliavacca, Mirco; Cremonese, Edoardo; Varlagin, Andrej; Brümmer, Christian; Motte, Louis Gourlez De La; Fares, Silvano; Buchmann, Nina; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Pitacco, Andrea; Vendrame, Nadia; Zhaolei Li; Vincke, Caroline; Magliulo, Enzo; Koebsch, Franziska;In summer 2018, Europe experienced a record drought, but it remains unknown how the drought affected ecosystem carbon dynamics. Using observations from 34 eddy covariance sites in different biomes across Europe, we studied the sensitivity of gross primary productivity (GPP) to environmental drivers during the summer drought of 2018 versus the reference summer of 2016. We found a greater drought-induced decline of summer GPP in grasslands (−38%) than in forests (−10%), which coincided with reduced evapotranspiration and soil water content (SWC). As compared to the ‘normal year’ of 2016, GPP in different ecosystems exhibited more negative sensitivity to summer air temperature (Ta) but stronger positive sensitivity to SWC during summer drought in 2018, that is, a stronger reduction of GPP with soil moisture deficit. We found larger negative effects of Ta and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) but a lower positive effect of photosynthetic photon flux density on GPP in 2018 compared to 2016, which contributed to reduced summer GPP in 2018. Our results demonstrate that high temperature-induced increases in VPD and decreases in SWC aggravated drought impacts on GPP.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale’.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research product2018 English Funded by:EC | EPOCA, EC | MEECEEC| EPOCA ,EC| MEECESteinacher, M.; Joos, F.; Frölicher, T. L.; Bopp, L.; Cadule, P.; Cocco, V.; Doney, S. C.; Gehlen, M.; Lindsay, K.; Moore, J. K.; Schneider, B.; Segschneider, J.;Changes in marine net primary productivity (PP) and export of particulate organic carbon (EP) are projected over the 21st century with four global coupled carbon cycle-climate models. These include representations of marine ecosystems and the carbon cycle of different structure and complexity. All four models show a decrease in global mean PP and EP between 2 and 20% by 2100 relative to preindustrial conditions, for the SRES A2 emission scenario. Two different regimes for productivity changes are consistently identified in all models. The first chain of mechanisms is dominant in the low- and mid-latitude ocean and in the North Atlantic: reduced input of macro-nutrients into the euphotic zone related to enhanced stratification, reduced mixed layer depth, and slowed circulation causes a decrease in macro-nutrient concentrations and in PP and EP. The second regime is projected for parts of the Southern Ocean: an alleviation of light and/or temperature limitation leads to an increase in PP and EP as productivity is fueled by a sustained nutrient input. A region of disagreement among the models is the Arctic, where three models project an increase in PP while one model projects a decrease. Projected changes in seasonal and interannual variability are modest in most regions. Regional model skill metrics are proposed to generate multi-model mean fields that show an improved skill in representing observation-based estimates compared to a simple multi-model average. Model results are compared to recent productivity projections with three different algorithms, usually applied to infer net primary production from satellite observations.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research product2018 English Funded by:EC | EPOCA, UKRI | Regional Ecosystem & ..., EC | MEECEEC| EPOCA ,UKRI| Regional Ecosystem & Biogeochemical Impacts of Ocean Acidification - a modelling study. ,EC| MEECEArtioli, Y.; Blackford, J. C.; Nondal, G.; Bellerby, R. G. J.; Wakelin, S. L.; Holt, J. T.; Butenschön, M.; Allen, J. I.;The increase in atmospheric CO2 is a dual threat to the marine environment: from one side it drives climate change, leading to modifications in water temperature, circulation patterns and stratification intensity; on the other side it causes a decrease in marine pH (ocean acidification, or OA) due to the increase in dissolved CO2. Assessing the combined impact of climate change and OA on marine ecosystems is a challenging task. The response of the ecosystem to a single driver can be highly variable and remains still uncertain; additionally the interaction between these can be either synergistic or antagonistic. In this work we use the coupled oceanographic–ecosystem model POLCOMS-ERSEM driven by climate forcing to study the interaction between climate change and OA. We focus in particular on carbonate chemistry, primary and secondary production. The model has been run in three different configurations in order to assess separately the impacts of climate change on net primary production and of OA on the carbonate chemistry, which have been strongly supported by scientific literature, from the impact of biological feedbacks of OA on the ecosystem, whose uncertainty still has to be well constrained. The global mean of the projected decrease of pH at the end of the century is about 0.27 pH units, but the model shows significant interaction among the drivers and high variability in the temporal and spatial response. As a result of this high variability, critical tipping point can be locally and/or temporally reached: e.g. undersaturation with respect to aragonite is projected to occur in the deeper part of the central North Sea during summer. Impacts of climate change and of OA on primary and secondary production may have similar magnitude, compensating in some area and exacerbating in others.
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