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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the three leading causes of death in industrialized countries.[1,2] Some studies have described the impact of the first COVID-19 pandemic wave in terms of the number of cases and OHCA survival rates in various regions,[3-5] but few have addressed the relationship between the successive phases and how they affected OHCA.[6,7] The 14-d cumulative incidence peaked at more than 990 cases, with these rates remaining above 200 for an eight-month period between 15 March 2020 and 15 March 2021 in Madrid, Spain. The objectives of the current study were twofold. First, we sought to describe how the different waves in the first pandemic year aff ected the healthcare activity of the Spanish emergency medical services (EMS). Second, we compared effects of the pandemic year on OHCA care to those of the preceding non-pandemic year in terms of initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in a community with a high incidence of COVID-19. post-print 164 KB

"Introduction": Economic policy-makers, entrepreneurs and investors, among other agents, need to have access to real-time assessments of the state of the economy, along with nowcasts and forecasts of its expected evolution. The sooner they have access to information about the real economic situation, the better prepared they will be to make decisions to update their initial plans. This becomes even more important in non-stable economic and challenging environments like the one generated by COVID-19 outbreak. Unfortunately, data o_ered by the System of National Accounts (SNA) is delivered with considerable delay. On the other hand, there is a signi_cant number of short-term economic indicators available at a much earlier stage that could be used to extract information about the state of the economy. Thus we have access to monthly data from consumer surveys or the industrial production index, daily data from _nancial markets and even more frequently observed variables, such as Google or Twitter trends and mobile phone data. Although not as complete as SNA data, these indicators could anticípate relevant information...

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In the last few years, interest in wearable technology for physiological signal monitoring is rapidly growing, especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

En este trabajo se desarrolla un nuevo indicador mensual de cuellos de botella en las cadenas de suministro utilizando artículos de prensa. El índice de cuellos de botella de oferta (SBI, por sus siglas en inglés) proporciona una narración coherente de los problemas de suministro relacionados con las guerras, las catástrofes naturales, las huelgas y, más recientemente, la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19. Las innovaciones en el SBI tienen importantes implicaciones macroeconómicas: un aumento del SBI actúa como un shock de costes, disminuyendo la producción industrial y el empleo, y presionando al alza los precios, lo que dificulta la actuación de la política monetaria. We develop a new monthly indicator of supply bottlenecks using newspaper articles. The supply bottlenecks index (SBI) provides a consistent narrative of supply issues related to wars, natural disasters, strikes and, most recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovations in the SBI have important macroeconomic implications: an increase in the SBI functions as a cost-push shock, decreasing industrial production and employment, and pushing prices up, so that monetary policy faces important trade-offs.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need of several changes within the field of History Education. Firstly, the need of a methodological change that integrates active learning methods, digital resources, and emerging technologies in order to attend the non-presential lessons for the students. Secondly, the need of a multicultural approach on teaching history, social, and gender equality moving away from supremacists' dogma. It is necessary for teachers to change their conception of why and for what reasons they teach history. This need has become more acute with the COVID-19 pandemic: fighting vs. hate speeches through argumentation and critical analysis of sources to avoid fake news and to develop a learning perception evidences. This Research Topic is focused both on Primary and Secondary Education, but also on Higher Education, considering History teachers training courses. Particularly, this book focuses to know the development of the skills of active and future History teachers who are trained at programs at universities to bring a profound methodological and content change in the way History is taught...