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This repository contains the Python and R codes used for the paper titled: Uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis of COVID-19 exit strategies in an individual-based transmission model.

Background: A worldwide vaccination program is the chosen strategy against the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy however, forms a threat because vaccine uptake is voluntary in most countries. Care-professionals of people with intellectual disabilities are exposed to greater risks than other healthcare workers due to the vulnerable group they attend to and the assisted-living facilities in which they often work. Little is still known of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy in this specific group in contrast to those of other healthcare workers. Objective: To provide insight in the intentions and attitudes on COVID-vaccination of healthcare workers, including those who care for people with intellectual disabilities, by means of a scoping review. Methods: The databases that were searched for papers are CINAHL, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, Semantic Scolar, Prospero, Outbreak Science, Cochrane and Scopus. The search was broadened to healthcare workers in general because only two papers were found on those caring for people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 26 papers were identified concerning the vaccine intentions of 43,199 healthcare workers worldwide. Data were gathered both quantitively and qualitatively. The papers were analysed for all themes regarding vaccine willingness and vaccine hesitancy. Results: The themes that came to light included: percentages of vaccine willingness, predictors of willingness differentiated by 11 sub-themes (mainly profession, age, gender and past vaccine behaviour), attitudes of willingness and hesitancy differentiated by 19 sub-themes (perceived COVID treat and protecting others for willingness, concerns on vaccine safety and efficacy for hesitancy), sources of vaccination information, contextual factors and changes in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance over time and finally, future strategies for interventions. Conclusions: There was overlap in the percentages of vaccination, predictors of vaccine willingness and the attitudes of vaccine willingness and hesitancy between healthcare workers and those caring for people with intellectual disabilities. Vaccine safety and efficacy are the most prominent concerns with regard to vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, future strategies for interventions should address vaccine safety and efficacy. Furthermore, interventions are recommended to be interactive in order to facilitate exchange. Discussion groups that are able to address specific concerns and personal experiences, show to be effective in addressing vaccine hesitancy. Accurate information can also be made more accessible to target groups by promoting video’s on social media platforms. Hence, further research is necessary to specify more precisely the attitudes of healthcare workers caring for people with intellectual disabilities and in more countries worldwide.

Viruses that emerged in the past decades, such as arboviruses and SARS-coronaviruses, are increasingly recognized as potential risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. On the fetal side, arboviruses have proved their ability to cross the placental barrier, at different stages of pregnancy, and have been associated with fetal losses, fetal malformations (Zika, West Nile, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses) and adverse neonatal outcomes (Dengue and Chikungunya viruses). The SARS-COV-2 has also be associated with rare maternal-fetal transmission and placental affection leading to fetal losses. More common viruses, like cytomegalovirus, are also well-known causes of fetal and childhood sequelae, and recent research on its prognosis factors and in-utero treatment may be welcome. On the maternal side, SARS-COV-2 might compromise maternal health, as well as Dengue viruses have been associated with high risks of adverse obstetrical outcomes, including maternal death, pre-eclampsia or post-partum hemorrhage. Thus, research on the maternal physiopathology would also be welcome. In this Special Issue of Viruses, we aim for original researchs, reviews and commentaries that contribute to an improved understanding of viral infection of placenta and fetal cells, or that report on the maternal and fetal outcomes after an emerging viral infection during pregnancy.

The incessant changes in all areas of economy, science, politics and society, with a greater acceleration in recent years, are affecting also the transport regulation, one of the most stable of all the branches of law, having in mind that one of its areas, the Maritime Law, has maintained almost unchanged over the centuries many of the institutes and figures that most characterize it, such as general average, salvage, limitation of the liability of the shipowner, the charterparty, the bill of lading, the role of the master and the crew. In a world in which phenomena such as the Covid-19 pandemic, Brexit and the ever-increasing use of new technologies, despite being profoundly different from each other, have had and certainly do have a prominent role, operators in any sector find themselves having to face, often from one moment to the next, and therefore unexpectedly and in no time, a multiplicity of problems that are largely completely new, in order to avoid, or at least mitigate, the consequences of total or partial paralysis of their activities. Given the circumstances, legislators, national and international regulatory bodies and jurists are called upon to urgently reconsider and/or integrate the disciplines currently in force, both from the public and private aspects, taking into account the critical issues that are gradually emerging. Clearly, in a globalized context like the one we live in, characterized by a strong interconnection of activities and sectors with each other and where the interaction of multiple factors is inevitable, the panorama is of such complexity that, at the time being, no one is yet able to predict what future developments may be in detail, in the full awareness, however, that the playground is in constant becoming. The choice of the regulatory approach to be followed from time to time is far from easy, especially in the knowledge that on the one hand the evolution of legislation, geopolitics, technology and the behavior of operators on the relevant market are closely interconnected, and that on the other hand a not well shaped regulation could become an obstacle to the development of trade and, more generally, of global economy. New phenomena always give rise to unprecedented problems and, if it is not possible to give a full solution to them by means of the rules already in force, the legislators, making use of various forms of regulatory instruments, in terms both of quality and of extension of territorial effectiveness, should implement an evolution of the regulations, introducing new norms or modifying existing ones, also in light of the interests of the different stakeholders, often conflicting and variously declined, and of the practices that in some cases have been established and have remained constant and unchanged for a very long time. The multiplicity and multiformity of the problems that arise must not discourage, but rather act as a further stimulus: in such a tumultuous contingent situation, it is essential to maintain a certain order and an adequate methodological rigor in dealing with the individual problems, putting them into focus one by one, in order to then slowly expand the view and obtain an overall picture. In this perspective, the selected essays collected in this volume examine, in their dual scientific-academic and practical soul, both issues that arise as a result of the new phenomena mentioned above, and more “classic” topics of the matter, but analyzing them having regard to their most recent developments.

Long-term care homes play an essential role within health and social care. Successful measures to support older people at home for longer have led to increased prevalence of disability, frailty and cognitive impairment in those who live in care homes over the last two decades. The need for care home places is projected to increase for the next two decades. Modern care homes provide care for people who are predominantly over 80, have multiple long-term conditions, take multiple medicines, are physically dependent and live with cognitive impairment. Residents do better when services recognise the contributions of staff and care home providers rather than treating residents as individual patients living in a communal setting. There is a strong case given residents' frailty, multimorbidity and disability, that care should be structured around Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). Care should be designed to allow opportunities for multiprofessional teams to come together for CGA, particularly if healthcare professionals are based outside care homes. Good data about care homes and residents are central to efforts to deliver high quality care-in some countries, these data are collected but not collated. Collating such data is a priority. Care home staff are under-recognised and underpaid-parity of pay and opportunity with NHS staff is the bare minimum to ensure that the best are recruited and retained in the sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic, residents and relatives have frequently been left out of decisions about policies that affect them, and better consultation is needed to deliver high quality care.

Attività del Coordinamento Teatro Carcere Emilia Romagna nel corso dell'annualità 2020 in sette Istituti penitenziari della Regione: laboratori, spettacoli in presenza e in streaming, attività con le scuole. Con il sostegno di Regione Emilia Romagna, Ministero della Giustizia, Chiesa Valdese. Con il patrocinio di PRAP - Provveditorato Regionale dell'Emilia Romagna e Marche, Dipartimento delle Arti - Unibo. Un progetto di: Con...tatto associazione di volontariato (Forlì), Lady Godiva Teatro associazione (Ravenna), Le mani parlanti coop. sociale (Parma), Teatro dei Venti APS (Modena), Teatro del Pratello coop. sociale (Bologna), Teatro Nucleo coop. (Ferrara). CONSULENZA SCIENTIFICA: CRISTINA VALENTI. PRESENTAZIONE di Cristina Valenti (consulente scientifico) : STANZE DI TEATRO IN CARCERE AL TEMPO DEL CORONAVIRUS. Dopo l’immediata e pressoché totale sospensione delle attività, in seguito al DPCM dell’8 marzo 2020, che ha introdotto le misure per il contrasto al Covid-19, i registi del Coordinamento Teatro Carcere Emilia Romagna si sono impegnati a dare continuità al progetto “Padri e figli”, inaugurato nel 2018, sperimentando modalità di lavoro del tutto anomale. Incontri in remoto, videolezioni, epistolari teatrali, prove a distanza supportate da collegamenti via tablet e anche da radio locali hanno sostituito, laddove possibile, i laboratori in presenza, a dimostrazione dell’importanza che il lavoro teatrale in carcere ha assunto non solo per gli artisti, ma anche per gli attori detenuti e per l’istituzione, consapevole del valore del progetto e delle sue ricadute. A Castelfranco Emilia e a Modena il regista Stefano Tè ha continuato a sviluppare la drammaturgia dello spettacolo Padri e Figli lavorando sul confronto con due testi guida, Le avventure di Pinocchio e i Vangeli, attraverso sessioni di prove che sono riprese in aprile da remoto (con l’ausilio di collegamenti video via tablet) e in agosto in presenza, per arrivare a proporre il lavoro in ottobre a Gombola, nell’Appennino modenese, al termine di un periodo in residenza. A Ferrara i registi Horacio Czertok e Marco Luciano hanno ripreso a lavorare a distanza in marzo, con il laboratorio in forma epistolare Esercizi di libertà, per ricominciare ad agosto l’attività in presenza con le prove dello spettacolo Album di famiglia, ispirato alla tragedia di Amleto e alle sue riscritture novecentesche. A Bologna il lavoro del regista Paolo Billi con le attrici della sezione femminile si è sviluppato a partire da marzo in un Epistolario teatrale a distanza. Una fitta corrispondenza via mail che ha prodotto un’ampia raccolta di materiali drammaturgici e azioni fisiche lavorando sul copione Figlie di Lear. Da aprile la simulazione virtuale delle sedute di prove ha dato vita alla rubrica Prove a distanza, in onda settimanalmente su Radio Fujico, e a dicembre l’esperienza è stata ospitata nella trasmissione Natale liberi dentro, sulle stesse frequenze e sul canale di Teletricolore. A Forlì la regista Sabina Spazzoli ha inaugurato un’attività di videolezioni portando avanti, a partire da aprile, il lavoro sulla Tempesta di Shakespeare, interrotto a febbraio e ripreso in presenza a giugno. Si è invece fermata l’attività di Eugenio Sideri a Ravenna, dove il gruppo che ha lavorato con il regista fino all’inverno 2019 ha subito avvicendamenti e trasferimenti, ancor prima di incontrare l’emergenza Coronavirus che ha causato la sospensione degli incontri. Le attività sono riprese a settembre 2020 con un nuovo gruppo, per poi essere nuovamente sospese a novembre per l’aggravarsi della situazione sanitaria. Allo stesso modo durante tutto il 2020 l’attività di Corrado Vecchi a Parma non si è potuta svolgere neppure a distanza, in quanto nelle settimane antecedenti al lockdown il gruppo degli attori era in fase di formazione. Assai limitate sono state le attività in presenza, circoscritte ai primissimi mesi dell’anno e, in alcuni casi, all’autunno. Fra di esse, i laboratori con i minori e i giovani adulti dei Servizi di Giustizia Minorile, che hanno dato luogo allo spettacolo Le orme dei figli, presentato a Bologna, nel cortile dell’IPM, fra agosto e settembre. Molti gli eventi annullati, di cui abbiamo voluto comunque conservare traccia nel calendario contenuto in questa brochure. Nonostante l’emergenza sanitaria, le Stanze di Teatro in Carcere, giunte alla decima edizione, hanno proseguito e approfondito il rapporto teatro-carcere-scuola con il progetto Il Teatro Carcere incontra gli istituti superiori dell’Emilia Romagna, un percorso online realizzato su piattaforma Zoom nei mesi di aprile e maggio per riflettere sulla condizione della detenzione e sul valore della cultura e del teatro come fattori di trasformazione e di crescita.

Tema ovog rada je upravljanje rizikom odnosno krizama koji su obilježile 2020. godinu. Rad se sastoji od četiri dijela, a cilj je prikazati kako svijet, Europska unija, Republika Hrvatska i Grad Zagreb odgovaraju na predstojeće rizike te tijek događaja odnosno tijek njihovih radnji u suzbijanju rizika. U prvom dijelu polazi se od opće definicije rizika te objašnjavanje što rizik znači u suvremenom društvu. U drugom dijelu polazi se na konkretan rizik koji je pogodio cijeli svijet, a to je pandemija COVID – 19 te razmatra se i objašnjava pogled, radnja, politika i tijek događaja svijeta i Europske unije. Fokus ovog rada je u zadnjim dijelovima zbog specifičnosti Republike Hrvatske te Grada Zagreba i okolice jer osim COVID – 19, Grad Zagreb i okolica su pretrpjeli novi rizik, a to je prirodna katastrofa zvana potres te u ovom dijelu objašnjavaju se radnje u suzbijanju pandemije te usporedba akcija učinjene u svrhu suzbijanja pandemije COVID – 19 i u svrhu potresa.

Le politiche di sviluppo e gli strumenti per l’attuazione del programma Next Generation EU messi in atto dalla Commissione Europea nel tempo della pandemia di Covid-19 ridefiniscono il quadro di priorità di intervento a scala urbana, puntando su misure sperimentali e azioni pilota in grado di restituire qualità allo spazio pubblico, contrastando sia la povertà ecologica ed economica che quella educativa minorile. Il volume affronta temi emblematici per il recupero dei sistemi insediativi consolidati, riconoscendo all’ambiente costruito il ruolo di incubatore di creatività e di innovazione, con l’obiettivo di approdare a patti di cura per la città. I contributi multidisciplinari presentati nel volume sono stati sviluppati nell’ambito della ricerca Playgrounds e arte per comunità in transizione: patto di cura per le città Play_ACT, nell’ambito del Programma per il Fi nanziamento della Ricerca di Ateneo FRA 2020 – Linea B dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, il cui responsabile scientifico è stato fino al 2022 Serena Viola. La ricerca è stata portata a termine da Giovanni Menna, come responsabile scientifico, da Nicola Flora, co-proponente, da Alfonso Maria Cecere, Gianluigi Freda, Francesca Ciampa, assegnista del progetto, Maria Giovanna Pacifico, aggregati, da Katia Fabbricatti e Maria Rita Pinto, componenti del gruppo di ricerca, con la consulenza scientifica di Flavia Santoianni.

Medical imaging as method to assess the longitudinal process of a SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human primates is commonly used in research settings. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is also regularly used to determine the local virus production and immune effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the lower respiratory tract. However, the potential interference of those two diagnostic modalities with each other is unknown in non-human primates. The current study investigated the effect and duration of BAL on computed tomography (CT) in both healthy and experimentally SARS-CoV-2-infected female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). In addition, the effect of subsequent BALs was reviewed. Thorax CTs and BALs were obtained from four healthy animals and 11 experimentally SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. From all animals, CTs were obtained just before BAL, and 24 hours post-BAL. Additionally, from the healthy animals, CTs immediately after and four hours post-BAL were obtained. Thorax CTs were evaluated for alterations in lung density, measured in Hounsfield units, and a visual semi-quantitative scoring system. An increase in the lung density was observed on the immediately post-BAL CT but resolved within 24 hours in the healthy animals. In the infected animals, a significant difference in both the lung density and CT score was still found 24 hours after BAL. Furthermore, the differences between timepoints in CT score were increased for the second BAL. These results indicate that the effect of BAL on infected lungs is not completed within the first 24 hours. Therefore, it is of importance to acknowledge the interference between BAL and CT in rhesus macaques.