• COVID-19
• 2018-2022close
• FR close
• EU close
• Hal-Diderot close
• Hyper Article en Ligne close

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate is low. The relative severity of the first and second episodes of infection remains poorly studied. In this study, we aimed at assessing the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and comparing the severity of the first and second episodes of infection. We retrospectively included patients with SARS-CoV-2 positive RT-PCR at least 90 days after clinical recovery from a COVID-19 episode and with at least one negative RT-PCR after the first infection. Whole genome sequencing and variant-specific RT-PCR were performed and clinical symptoms and severity of infection were retrospectively documented from medical files. A total of 209 COVID-19 reinfected patients were identified, accounting for 0.4% of positive cases diagnosed from 19 March 2020 to 24 August 2021. Serology was performed in 64 patients, of whom 39 (60.1%) had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 when sampled at the early stage of their second infection. Only seven patients (3.4%) were infected twice with the same variant. We observed no differences in clinical presentation, hospitalization rate, and transfer to ICU when comparing the two episodes of infections. Our results suggest that the severity of the second episode of COVID-19 is in the same range as that of the first infection, including patients with antibodies.

International audience; The aim of this study is to determine the trajectories of global convention cities, in order to identify and explain the strong interactions between urban policies and changes and the dynamics of hosting international conferences around the world. To accomplish this aim, the major convention cities are calibrated so that their relative positions over 24 years alongside their policies for urban change can be analyzed. To do this, we undertake a factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) combined with ascending hierarchical classification to establish a hierarchical ranking and a typology. The hosting dynamics observed reveal the strong links between material and nonmaterial urban changes and a city’s attractiveness as a convention destination. At present, the situation still reflects the effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic. It has already had technical, technological, and health-related consequences for convention processes. These new factors need to be considered in further studies on convention tourism and urban changes

Online ahead of print.; International audience; We analysed the influenza epidemic that occurred in Australia during the 2022 winter using an age-structured dynamic transmission model, which accounts for past epidemics to estimate the population susceptibility to an influenza infection. We applied the same model to five European countries. Our analysis suggests Europe might experience an early and moderately large influenza epidemic. Also, differences may arise between countries, with Germany and Spain experiencing larger epidemics, than France, Italy and the United Kingdom, especially in children.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak and the international communication management of Chinese diplomats as a case for extending the definition of intermestic public diplomacy. The goal was to reveal how Beijing subtly used both domestic and foreign social media to organize a network for communication about COVID-19 and purposefully soften the highly centralized and hierarchical political propaganda of the Communist Party of China (CPC).Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature on digital public diplomacy, the authors applied the existing concept of intermestic to Chinese politics in order to demonstrate the digitalization of public diplomacy, along with its forms and strategies under an authoritarian regime. A hybrid methodology combining quantitative network analysis and qualitative discourse analysis permits examination of China's intermestic online communication network dynamics, shedding light on how such an intermestic practice promoted Chinese values and power to international publics in the early stages of the COVID-19 crisis.FindingsThe authors’ findings extend the implications of intermestic public diplomacy from a democratic context to an authoritarian one. By analyzing the content of public diplomacy and para-diplomatic social media accounts in China and abroad at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, the authors outlined China's early crisis management, explaining its intermestic public diplomacy transmission modes and strategies. Moreover, the authors identified changes in the narrative strategies of Chinese diplomats and journalists during this process.Social implicationsThe findings of this study underline that Beijing established a narrative-making virtual communication structure for disseminating favorable Chinese strategic narratives and voices through differentiated communication on domestic and foreign social media platforms. Such intermestic communication strategies were particularly evident and even further weaponized by Beijing in its large-scale Wolf Warrior diplomacy in the spring of 2020. Thus, the study’s findings help readers understand how China digitalized its public diplomacy, its digital communication patterns and strategies.Originality/valueOn the one hand, geopolitical uncertainty and the popularity of social media have contributed to the evolution of the intermestic model of public diplomacy. This model allows actors to coordinate homogenous and differentiated communication practices to deploy their influence. On the other hand, the authors did not examine how intermestic audiences perceive and receive public diplomacy practices. In future studies, scholars should measure the agenda-setting capacity of diplomatic actors by examining the effects of such intermestic communication efforts.

AbstractThe COVID-19 Disease Map project is a large-scale community effort uniting 277 scientists from 130 Institutions around the globe. We use high-quality, mechanistic content describing SARS-CoV-2-host interactions and develop interoperable bioinformatic pipelines for novel target identification and drug repurposing. Community-driven and highly interdisciplinary, the project is collaborative and supports community standards, open access, and the FAIR data principles. The coordination of community work allowed for an impressive step forward in building interfaces between Systems Biology tools and platforms. Our framework links key molecules highlighted from broad omics data analysis and computational modeling to dysregulated pathways in a cell-, tissue- or patient-specific manner. We also employ text mining and AI-assisted analysis to identify potential drugs and drug targets and use topological analysis to reveal interesting structural features of the map. The proposed framework is versatile and expandable, offering a significant upgrade in the arsenal used to understand virus-host interactions and other complex pathologies.

By considering the recently introduced SIRU model, in this paper we study the dynamic of COVID-19 pandemic under the temporally varying public intervention in the Chilean context. More precisely, we propose a method to forecast cumulative daily reported cases $CR(t)$, and a systematic way to identify the unreported daily cases given $CR(t)$ data. We firstly base on the recently introduced epidemic model SIRU (Susceptible, asymptomatic Infected, Reported infected, Unreported infected), and focus on the transmission rate parameter $\tau$. To understand the dynamic of the data, we extend the scalar $\tau$ to an unknown function $\tau(t)$ in the SIRU system, which is then inferred directly from the historical $CR(t)$ data, based on nonparametric estimation. The estimation of $\tau(t)$ leads to the estimation of other unobserved functions in the system, including the daily unreported cases. Furthermore, the estimation of $\tau(t)$ allows us to build links between the pandemic evolution and the public intervention, which is modeled by logistic regression. We then employ polynomial approximation to construct a predicted curve which evolves with the latest trend of $CR(t)$. In addition, we regularize the evolution of the forecast in such a way that it corresponds to the future intervention plan based on the previously obtained link knowledge. We test the proposed predictor on different time windows. The promising results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

La crise de la COVID19 a entraîné au printemps 2020 un recours massif au télétravail. Mettant à distance leurs collaborateurs, les organisations ont dû repenser le travail dans des espaces exclusivement numériques où de nouvelles (in)visibilités ont brouillé les repères traditionnels et engendré de nouveaux comportements organisationnels. Cet article analyse l’expérience de la visibilité au travail durant la crise sous l’angle de la reconnaissance. Une étude de cas réalisée au sein d’une grande entreprise du secteur de l’assurance révèle que durant la crise, le télétravail a exacerbé et mis à l’épreuve le besoin de reconnaissance existentielle au travail. Elle montre par ailleurs, que la numérisation des espaces de travail peut conduire à la perception d’une invisibilisation des pratiques et de l’engagement du fait du déplacement du regard vers les flux et les résultats du travail. Ce phénomène contribue pour certains – et notamment les managers de proximité, à alimenter le sentiment d’un déni de reconnaissance là où d’autres sont parvenus au sortir de la crise, à tirer une reconnaissance nouvelle. Cette recherche sur l’expérience du télétravail en période de confinement apporte ainsi un nouvel éclairage sur ce qui pourrait se jouer en termes de visibilité sociale et de reconnaissance dans les nouvelles spatialisations du travail. Sur le plan managérial, les résultats sont de nature à alimenter la réflexion actuelle des entreprises sur le futur du travail et ses nouvelles spatialisations, ainsi que sur le rôle du manager, dont l’expérience de la visibilité durant la crise apparaît comme ambivalente. The COVID19 crisis led to a massive shift to telework in the spring of 2020. Putting their employees at a distance, organizations have had to rethink work in spaces that have become entirely digital, and where new (in)visibilities have blurred traditional reference points, generating new organizational behaviors. This article analyses the experience of visibility at work during the crisis through the lens of recognition theories. A case study conducted during the crisis within a large insurance company reveals that remote working exacerbated the need for existential recognition at work. It also shows that the digitization of workspaces can lead to the perception of an invisibilization of practices and commitment due to the shift in focus towards the flows and results of work. This phenomenon contributes to the feeling of a denial of recognition for some workers, more particularly for managers, whereas others have managed to gain new recognition. The experience of telework in a period of confinement thus sheds new light on what might be at stake in terms of social visibility and recognition in the new spatializations of work. From a managerial point of view, the results of this research are likely to contribute to the current reflection of companies on the future of work and its new spatializations, as well as on the role of the manager, whose experience of visibility during the crisis appears ambivalent.

Les équipes de gestion de santé publique dans certains pays sont confrontées à des problèmes majeurs, tels que le manque de médecins ou d’infrastructures et de matériel de santé, des services d’urgence hospitaliers surchargés, des zones mal desservies par les services de santé ou, plus récemment, la mise en œuvre d’une gestion de crise pour faire face à la pandémie du Covid-19. Les solutions d’e santé pourraient aider à résoudre certaines de ces situations. Les jeunes générations en particulier auraient tendance à négliger leur santé, ce qui peut entraîner de futurs et graves problèmes de santé. Cet article vise à analyser la perception par les jeunes adultes d’un dispositif de téléconsultation, la cabine de télémédecine (CT). Il s’appuie notamment sur la Théorie du Comportement Planifié (Ajzen, 1991) et ses prolongements, pour mesurer l’influence des croyances comportementales et du contrôle perçu sur l’intention d’utiliser la CT. Cette étude applique une méthodologie quantitative. Les réponses de 150 étudiants inscrits en master dans des écoles de commerce françaises étaient prises en compte pour l’analyse. Les résultats, en utilisant une approche Partial Least Squares (moindres carrés partiels) précisément le Modèle d’équations structurelles (SEM), ont confirmé l’impact fort de variables du modèle : compatibilité et auto-efficacité pour l’adoption de la cabine de télémédecine. Cette recherche contredit par ailleurs le paradoxe de la personnalisation et de la vie privée, avec un accent particulier sur les soins de santé. Elle permet également d’identifier le paradoxe technologique de la population étudiée qui est généralement ouverte au partage de ses informations privées, mais qui est réticente à partager ses données de santé. Nos résultats pourraient être utilisés par les professionnels de santé et les pouvoirs publics pour répondre à l’incertitude concernant la qualité des services fournis par les solutions de e-santé, afin de mieux gérer l’allocation des ressources dans le système de santé publique ainsi que répondre aux problèmes actuels et cruciaux des services de santé. Public health management faces in some countries major challenges, such as a lack of doctors or health infrastructure and materials, overburdened hospital emergency departments, areas underserved by health services, or, more recently, the crisis management to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic. E-health solutions could help solve some of these issues. Younger generations in particular tend to neglect their health, which can lead to serious future health problems. This article aims to analyze the perception of a teleconsultation device, the telemedicine cabin (TC), by young adults. The study is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) and provides an extension to measure the influence of behavioral beliefs and perceived control on the intention to use TC. This study applies a quantitative methodology. The responses of 150 students enrolled in master’s programs in French business schools were taken into account for the analysis. The results, using a Partial Least Squares approach precisely the Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM), confirmed the strong impact of model variables: compatibility and self-efficacy for the adoption of the cabin of telemedicine. This research also contradicts the personalization and privacy paradox, with a particular focus on healthcare. It also makes it possible to identify the technological paradox of the studied population, which is generally open to sharing its private information but is reluctant to share its health data. Our results could be used by health professionals and public authorities to respond to uncertainty regarding the quality of services provided by e-health solutions in order to manage better the allocation of resources in the public health system as well as address current and critical health service issues.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 4, HCERES C, ABS 2; International audience; The following text is a play co-written as a response to, and a remembrance of, the experiences during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is based on writing during lockdown that was meant to make sense of our own experiences as academic labourers and those gained from informal conversations with colleagues. Following the conventions and the sensibilities of theatre, the text demands and offers a (re-)embodiment of voices and affectivities that connected those bodies in a situation in which bodies were absent, yet highly present in their vulnerability. We thus invite the readers to treat the text primarily as a stageable drama rather than an academic paper given unusual form. An introduction that belongs to a more classical academic genre expresses our inspirations and relevant points of reference. A short prose coda hints towards some of the insights we have gained by crafting the play.

International audience