• COVID-19

COVID-19 pandemic made it necessary to question the world we live in and think about the post-pandemic order. Curfew restrictions, economic difficulties, increased unemployment, problems such as the supply difficulties of protective gear like masks etc. have revealed how unprepared States are caught in this global pandemic. COVID-19 that started as a health problem gradually became a global problem and turned into a problem that concerns security. The notion of human security, which emerged as a result of the change in the concept of security, once again has come to the agenda of international politics with this pandemic. In this context, after explaining the change that the security phenomenon has undergone and the emergence of the concept of human security, this study focus on the issue of whether the concept of human security has been given the sufficient importance or not within the example of the COVID-19 epidemic. The concept of human security, which occurred in the post-Cold War period but is not given sufficient importance, will come to the fore in the world that will occur after the epidemic experience. COVID-19 küresel salgını, içinde yaşadığımız dünyayı sorgulamayı ve salgın sonrası dünya üzerine düşünmeyi gerekli kılmıştır. Sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları, ekonomik zorluklar, artan işsizlik, maske vb. koruyucu ekipman tedarikinde yaşanan sıkıntılar gibi sorunlar, devletlerin bu küresel salgına ne kadar hazırlıksız yakalandığını ortaya koymuştur. Sağlık sorunu olarak başlayan salgın giderek bir küresel problem haline gelmiş ve güvenliği ilgilendiren bir soruna dönüşmüştür. Güvenlik kavramının tarih boyunca geçirdiği değişim sonucunda ortaya çıkmış insani güvenlik olgusu, bu salgın ile birlikte bir kez daha gündeme gelmiştir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışma, güvenlik olgusunun geçirdiği değişim ve insani güvenlik kavramının ortaya çıkışını açıkladıktan sonra COVID-19 salgın hastalığı örneği ile insani güvenlik kavramının gereken önemi görüp görmediği sorunsalına odaklanacaktır. Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde değişen güvenlik olgusu içerisinde yer alan ancak yeterli önemin verilmediği insani güvenlik kavramı salgın hastalık tecrübesi sonrasında oluşacak dünya düzeninde ön plana çıkacaktır.

COVID-19 pandemic made it necessary to question the world we live in and think about the post-pandemic order. Curfew restrictions, economic difficulties, increased unemployment, problems such as the supply difficulties of protective gear like masks etc. have revealed how unprepared States are caught in this global pandemic. COVID-19 that started as a health problem gradually became a global problem and turned into a problem that concerns security. The notion of human security, which emerged as a result of the change in the concept of security, once again has come to the agenda of international politics with this pandemic. In this context, after explaining the change that the security phenomenon has undergone and the emergence of the concept of human security, this study focus on the issue of whether the concept of human security has been given the sufficient importance or not within the example of the COVID-19 epidemic. The concept of human security, which occurred in the post-Cold War period but is not given sufficient importance, will come to the fore in the world that will occur after the epidemic experience. COVID-19 küresel salgını, içinde yaşadığımız dünyayı sorgulamayı ve salgın sonrası dünya üzerine düşünmeyi gerekli kılmıştır. Sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları, ekonomik zorluklar, artan işsizlik, maske vb. koruyucu ekipman tedarikinde yaşanan sıkıntılar gibi sorunlar, devletlerin bu küresel salgına ne kadar hazırlıksız yakalandığını ortaya koymuştur. Sağlık sorunu olarak başlayan salgın giderek bir küresel problem haline gelmiş ve güvenliği ilgilendiren bir soruna dönüşmüştür. Güvenlik kavramının tarih boyunca geçirdiği değişim sonucunda ortaya çıkmış insani güvenlik olgusu, bu salgın ile birlikte bir kez daha gündeme gelmiştir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışma, güvenlik olgusunun geçirdiği değişim ve insani güvenlik kavramının ortaya çıkışını açıkladıktan sonra COVID-19 salgın hastalığı örneği ile insani güvenlik kavramının gereken önemi görüp görmediği sorunsalına odaklanacaktır. Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde değişen güvenlik olgusu içerisinde yer alan ancak yeterli önemin verilmediği insani güvenlik kavramı salgın hastalık tecrübesi sonrasında oluşacak dünya düzeninde ön plana çıkacaktır.

Māszinības (ar specializāciju Ambulatorās aprūpes māsa) Veselības aprūpe Nursing Studies Health Care Bakalaura darba tēma ir “Preventīvo pasākumu ievērošana karavīriem NBS apakšvienībā Covid 19 laikā”. Šajā darbā tiek pētīta preventīvo pasākumu ievērošana pirms un pēc izglītošanas, karavīriem NBS apakšvienībā, pildot dienesta pienākumus, Covid – 19 laikā. Pētījums tika veikts, lai noskaidrotu kāda ir izglītības ietekme uz preventīvo pasākumu kopumu izpildi karavīriem NBS apakšvienībā, pildot dienesta pienākumus Covid – 19 laikā. Darbā tiek apskatīta Covid – 19 infekcijas slimības etioloģija patofizioloģija slimības norise un epidemioloģija pasaulē un Latvijā. Darbā tiks aprakstīta Covid – 19 diagnostika, ārstēšana, kā arī tiks aprakstīti dati par Covid – 19 vakcīnu. Darbā tiks apskatīts infekciju slimību preventīvo pasākumu kopums. Šajā darbā tiek uzsvērts, cik liela nozīme ir preventīvo pasākumu ievērošanai Covid – 19 laikā un izglītošanas lomai preventīvo pasākumu izpildē. Pētījuma mērķis: Novērot preventīvo pasākumu izpildi Covid 19 laikā NBS apakšvienības karavīriem, pildot dienesta pienākumus, pirms izglītošanas un pēc. Hipotēze: NBS apakšvienības karavīru izglītošana par preventīvo pasākumu īstenošanu uzlabo karavīru pareizu preventīvo pasākumu izpildi. Izmantotā pētījuma metode ir kvantitatīvā pētniecības metode. Darba instruments ir strukturēts novērošanas protokols, kas sastāv no trim daļām. ( skat. Pielikums Nr. 1 ). Novērošana protokolā tika atzīmēti preventīvo pasākumu izpildes kritēriji karavīriem pildot dienesta pienākumus, pirms un pēc izglītošanas. Pētījumā tika novēroti 40 karavīri no vienas NBS apakšvienības. Pētījuma datu apkopošana un analīze dod vērtējumu izglītošanas ietekmei preventīvo pasākumu kopumu izpildei karavīriem NBS apakšvienībā Covid – 19 laikā. Ar pētījuma instrumentu tika noskaidrota izglītības ietekme uz preventīvo pasākumu kopuma izpildi karavīriem NBS apakšvienībā Covid – 19 laikā. Atslēgas vārdi: Covid – 19, preventīvie pasākumi, Covid – 19 vīrusoloģija, Covid – 19 izplatība, Covid – 19 vakcīna. The subject of bachelor’s work is “NAF subunit soldiers' preventive measures observance during Covid 19”. This work study the preventive measures execute before and after education for soldiers in the NAF subunit in the performance of service duties during Covid 19. The study was carried out to clarify the impact of education on the implementation of preventive measures for soldiers in the NBS sub-unit in the performance of service duties in the Covid - 19 period. The work looks at the aetiology of Covid – 19 infectious disease – development and epidemiology of patofiziology in the world and Latvia. The work will describe Covid – 19 diagnostics, treatments – as well as data on Covid – 19 vaccine. The work will look at a set of measures to prevent communicable diseases. This work highlights the importance of compliance with preventive measures during Covid – 19 and the role of education in the implementation of preventive measures. Purpose of the study: Observe the implementation of preventive measures during the period of Covid 19 for soldiers of the NAF subunit in the performance of their duties, before and after education. Hypothesis: Educating soldiers from the subunit of NAF on the implementation of preventive measures improves the proper implementation of preventive measures for soldiers. The study method used is the quantitative research method. The work instrument is a structured observation protocol which consists of three parts (see page Annex 1). The observation protocol noted the criteria for the implementation of preventive measures for soldiers in the performance of their service duties before and after education. The study observed 40 soldiers from one subunit of the NAF. The collection and analysis of study data give an assessment of the educational impact of the implementation of preventive measures for soldiers in the NAF subunit during Covid – 19. The study instrument identified the impact of education on the implementation of a set of preventive measures for soldiers in the NAF subunit during Covid 19. Key words: Covid - 19, Preventive Measures, Covid - 19 Virology, Covid - 19 distribution, Covid – 19 vaccine.

Covid-19 di Indonesia terus meningkat kasus konfirmasinya, termasuk angka kematian. Dalam satu tahun ini terjadi perkembangan yang demikian cepatnya baik patogenesis, diagnostik maupun intervensi pengobatannya. Diagnosis dan tatalaksana yg kita anggap tepat beberapa waktu yang lalu bisa saja salah, oleh karena itu perlu update yg terus menerus. Praktis Covid-19 edisi revisi ini menambah beberapa perkembangan yang belum ada di edisi sebelumnya

The COVID-19 pandemic management has led to a significant change in orthopedic surgical activity. During the pandemic, femur fractures in patients over 65 years of age have maintained a constant incidence. Our study will focus on this fragile population, analyzing the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during hospital stays and the clinical and radiographic orthopedic outcomes. We also evaluated the va\riation of COVID-19 infection after health professionals’ vaccinations, and the influence of inter-hospital transfers caused by logistical and organizational aspects of the pandemic. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive and prospective study from 13 October 2020 to 15 March 2021. Participants were patients over 65 years of age with diagnoses of proximal femoral fractures with r surgical treatments indicated. We compared the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients during the stay with non-infected cases. A second evaluation was carried out dividing the patients into those who underwent inter-hospital transfers and a group without transfers. We subdivided the study period into two, according to the percentage of healthcare workers vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The reported clinical variables included the Parker and Palmer Score, the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, the Harris Hip Score, mortality, the Rush Score, and evaluation of reduction in radio-lucent lines in prosthetic implants. Results: Ninety-three patients were studied. The whole positive COVID cohort (11.83%) was hospitalized during the period when less than 80% of health workers were vaccinated (p = 0.02). The COVID cohort and the patients transferred before surgery had longer stays in the Emergency Room (p = 0.019; p = 0.00007) and longer lengths of stay compared to the other patients (p = 0.00001; p = 0.001). Mortality was higher both in the infected group and in the patients who underwent a transfer before the surgical procedure (18.18% vs. 1.22 %; p = 0.003. 25% vs. 6.85%; p = 0.02). In terms of orthopedic outcomes measured through the third month of follow-up, we found worse score results in functional and radiographic outcomes in the COVID positive cohort and in the transferred patients’ cohort. Conclusions: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients treated for proximal femur fracture was statistically significant. Patients with Coronavirus during hospitalization obtained poor short-term radiographic and functional results and increased peri-operative mortality. The incidence of intra-hospital infection was high during the period in which health professionals were not yet covered by the anti-COVID vaccination cycle. Patients who were transferred between two hospitals due to pandemic-related management issues also achieved reduced outcomes compared to non-transferred cases, with increased mortality.

The Covid-19 crisis pointed out the great importance of the partnership and the collaboration between multiple stakeholders in order to limit its spread. From the beginning of 2020 till today various forms of collaboration have been created and deployed. The aim of the paper is to illustrate the types of partnerships in time of Covid-19, their main initiators and success factors, based on previous studies. Three main group of partnerships are presented – collaborations in the initial period of the crisis, partnerships that boost the scientific progress against Covid-19 and partnerships in R&D of Covid-19 vaccine. The main initiators of partnerships are public sector, private sector, civil society and UN. Shared vision, trust, flexibility, commitment and alignment of partners’ interests are among the key success factors in collaboration in time of Covid-19.

Coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus that can cause various symptoms, such as pneumonia, fever, difficulty breathing, and lung infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that the official name of the new coronavirus for 2019 is coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the current reference name for the virus is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).. The first case was reported to be linked to a local Huanan South China Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization classified the COVID-19 epidemic as an “international public health emergency” on January 30, and described it as a global epidemic (pandemic) on March 11 due to the incidence and severity of the COVID-19 in 113 countries. Studies have shown that the spread of COVID-19 is relatively rapid and spread to many other countries after it broke out in China, and the center of the pandemic changed from Wuhan city in China to Europe and the USA. As of June 27, 2020, the number of cases diagnosed worldwide has reached 9.9 million, and the number of people who have lost their lives has reached 500,000. In Turkey, the first cases were announced on March 11, 2020. As of 27 June 2020, the number of people infected with coronavirus approached 190,000 and the number of people who died due to the virus reached 5000. T. C. Ministry of Health , after the COVID-19 epidemic started in China, it established the Operation Center against possible risks on January 10, 2020 and formed the Scientific Board, which is critical in epidemic management. COVID-19 outbreak management T.C. It is carried out by taking into account the recommendations of the Scientific Advisory Board within the framework of the "Pandemic Influenza National Preparation Plan" under the coordination of the Ministry of Health. The COVID-19 pandemic has had severe health and economic consequences in the world and in our country. Political decision-makers should work in coordination with academics, relevant government institutions, non-governmental organizations, in order to make the most correct decision within the possible benefit / loss relationship by evaluating these results in combating the epidemic. Koronavirüs, pnömoni, ateş, solunum zorluğu ve akciğer enfeksiyonu gibi çeşitli semptomlara neden olabilecek zarflı bir RNA virüsüdür. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), 2019 yılı yeni koronavirüsünün resmi adının koronavirüs hastalığı (COVID-19) olduğunu açıklamış ve virüs için mevcut referans adı şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2 olduğunu bildirmiştir (SARS-CoV-2). İlk vakanın, Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Hubei Eyaleti, Wuhan'daki yerel bir Huanan Güney Çin Deniz Ürünleri Pazarı ile bağlantılı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, COVID-19 salgınını 30 Ocak’ta “uluslararası boyutta halk sağlığı acil durumu” olarak sınıflandırmış, 113 ülkede COVID-19 vakalarının görülmesi, virüsün yayılımı ve şiddeti nedeniyle 11 Mart’ta küresel salgın (pandemi) olarak tanımlamıştır. Çalışmalar COVID-19'un yayılmasının nispeten hızlı olduğunu ve Çin'de patlak vermesinden sonra başka birçok ülkeye yayıldığını ve pandemiğin merkezinin Çin'deki Wuhan şehrinden Avrupa ve ABD'ye değiştiğini göstermiştir. 27 Haziran 2020 itibarıyla tüm dünyada toplam tanı almış vaka sayısı 9.9 milyona, hayatını kaybedenlerin sayısı ise 500.000’ e yaklaşmıştır. Türkiye’de ise ilk vaka 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde açıklanmıştır. 27 Haziran 2020 tarihi itibariyle Koronavirüs ile enfekte olmuş kişi sayısı 190.000 , virüs nedeniyle hayatını kaybedenlerin sayısı ise 5000’ e yaklaşmıştır. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, COVID-19 salgınının Çin’de başlamasından sonra muhtemel risklere karşı Operasyon Merkezi’ni 10 Ocak 2020 tarihinde kurmuş ve salgın yönetiminde kritik öneme sahip Bilim Kurulunu oluşturmuştur. COVID-19 salgın yönetimi T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığının koordinasyonunda “Pandemik İnfluenza Ulusal Hazırlık Planı” çerçevesinde, Bilimsel Danışma Kurulunun önerileri dikkate alınarak yapılmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisinin dünyada ve ülkemizde ağır sağlık ve ekonomik sonuçları olmuştur. Salgınla mücadelede bu sonuçları değerlendirerek olası fayda/zarar ilişkisi içerisinde en doğru kararı vermek için siyasi karar vericiler başta akademisyenler, ilgili devlet kurumları, sivil toplum kuruluşları ile koordineli bir biçimde çalışmalıdır.

Case and contact definitions are based on the current available information and are regularly revised as new information accumulates. Countries may need to adapt case definitions depending on their local epidemiological situation and other factors. All countries are encouraged to publish definitions used online and in regular situation reports, and to document periodic updates to definitions which may affect the interpretation of surveillance data.

Objective: This research was carried out to measure the Covid- 19 vaccine literacy, and to examie the attitudes towards the Covid- 19 vaccine, of the students studying in the field of health at the university, which is one of the important brain resources of our country. Material and Methods: the research is descriptive and cross- sectional. The population of the research consisted of 4728 students at the Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy located in the central campus of Erciyes University between 29.03.2022- 15.04.2022. ın order to research results that can be generalized to the population in the study, it is necessary to collect data from a minimum of 355 people. In order to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, data were collected from 455 people using a total of 455 questionaires. In order to collecct data in the research, a questionnaire consisting of 3 parts was used. The research was conducted with face to face survey technique. IBM SPSS 26.00 package program was used to evaluate the data. Results: 74.7% of the students participating in the research are 21 years old and under, 25.3% are 22 years old and over. 70% of the participants are womwn and 30% are men. 30.2% of the participants were students of the Faculty of Medicine, 18.9% of them were students of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 29.8% of them were students of the Faculty of Health Sciences and 21.1% of them were students of the Faculty of Dentistry. 100% of the students have been vaccinated against Covid- 19. 15.8% obtained information about Covid- 19 from scientific publications, 34.7% from television, 24.4% from a health institution and 12.4% from the website. Conclusion and Suggestions: The Covid- 19 vaccine literacy level of university students is moderate. Factors such as age income status, faculty variable were found to be effective on vaccine literacy. Significant differences were found between catching the Covid- 19 virus and Covid- 9 vaccine literacy and attitude towards the Covid- 19 vaccine. A low positive correlation was found between Covid- 19 vaccine literacy and attitude towards Covid- 19 vaccine. ın order to create social immunity and reduce the course of the epidemic, we should increase the positive attitudes of our health workers and health worker candidates toward the Covid- 19 vaccine. this can only be achieved by increasing the vaccination literacy level. According to the results of the research, the more the vaccine literacy of the students is increased, the more positive attitudes towards the Covid- 19 vaccine will increase. Amaç: Bu araştırma ülkemizin önemli beyin kaynaklarından olan üniversite de sağlık alanında eğitim gören öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı özelinde Covid- 19 aşı okuryazarlığının ölçülmesi ve Covid- 19 aşısına yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel özelliktedir. Araştırmanın evreni 29.03.2022- 15.04.2022 tarihleri arasında Erciyes Üniversitesi merkez kampüsünde bulunan Tıp Fakültesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi ve Eczacılık Fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 4728 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışma da evrene genellenebilir sonuçlara ulaşabilmek için minimum 355 kişiden veri toplanması gerekmektedir. Anket güvenilirliğinin saptanabilmesi için toplamda 455 anket kullanılarak 455 kişiden veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada verilerin toplanabilmesi için 3 bölümden oluşan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma yüz yüze anket tekniği ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi için IBM SPSS 26.00 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin % 74,7’si 21 yaş ve altı, %25.3’ ü 22 yaş ve üzerindedir. Katılımcıların %70’i kadınlar, %30’ u erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların %30,2’si Tıp Fakültesi, %18,9’u Eczacılık Fakültesi, %29,8’i Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi ve %21,1’i Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencisidir. Öğrencilerin %100’ü Covid- 19 aşısı olmuştur. Covid- 19 hakkında bilgiyi %15,8’i bilimsel yayından, %34,7’si televizyondan, %24,4’ ü sağlık kuruluşundan ve %12,4’ü internet sitesinden edinmiştir. Sonuç: Üniversite öğrencilerinin Covid- 19 aşı okuryazarlığı düzeyi orta seviyededir. Yaş, gelir durumu, fakülte değişkeni gibi faktörlerin aşı okuryazarlığı üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Covid- 19 virüsüne yakalanma ve Covid- 19 aşı okuryazarlığı ve Covid- 19 aşısına yönelik tutum arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Covid- 19 aşı okuryazarlığı ile Covid- 19 aşısına yönelik tutum arasında pozitif yönlü düşük bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Toplumsal bağışıklığın oluşturulabilmesi ve salgın seyrinin azaltılabilmesi amacıyla başta sağlık çalışanı ve sağlık çalışanı adayı öğrencilerimizin Covid- 19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutumlarını arttırmalıyız. Bu da ancak aşı okuryazarlığı düzeyinin arttırılması ile mümkün olur. Araştırma sonucuna göre ise öğrencilerin aşı okuryazarlığı ne düzeyde arttırılırsa Covid- 19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutumları da o düzeyde artacaktır.