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  • COVID-19
  • 2023-2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Oscar, Galindo-Vázquez; Mónica, Ramírez-Orozco; Rosario, Costas-Muñiz; Luis A, Mendoza-Contreras; +2 Authors

    espanolIntroduccion: La pandemia por COVID-19 puede tener consecuencias psicosociales importantes en la poblacion. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de sintomas de ansiedad, depresion y conductas de autocuidado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en poblacion general. Metodo: Encuesta en linea distribuida durante tres semanas mediante muestreo no probabilistico. Se empleo el Cuestionario sobre la Salud del Paciente PHQ-9, la Escala del Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada GAD-7 y la Escala analoga visual de conductas de autocuidado. Se realizaron analisis descriptivos y de comparacion entre los grupos con ansiedad y depresion. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1508 participantes, 20.8 % presento sintomas de ansiedad grave y 27.5 %, sintomas de depresion grave. Ser mujer, soltero(a) no tener hijos, presentar comorbilidad medica y antecedentes de atencion a la salud mental estuvieron relacionados con la presencia de mayores niveles de sintomas de ansiedad y depresion; 66 a 80 % de la poblacion cumplia con las recomendaciones de autocuidado. Se identifico la necesidad de recibir atencion de salud mental. Conclusion: Se observo mayor numero de individuos con sintomas de ansiedad y depresion moderadas a graves que en otras pandemias. Los efectos psicologicos de la pandemia de COVID-19 se consideran un problema de salud mental publica emergente, por lo que se recomienda la implementacion de programas para su atencion. EnglishIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic can have important psychosocial consequences in the population. Objective: To determine the levels of anxiety, depression and self-care symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. Method: Online survey distributed over three weeks using a non-probability sampling. The PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire, the GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Visual analog scale for self-care behaviors were used. Between-group (anxiety and depression) descriptive and comparison analyses were carried out. Results: Out of 1508 included participants, 20.8% had symptoms of severe anxiety, while 27.5% showed symptoms of severe depression. Being a woman, being single, having no children, having medical comorbidities and a history of mental health care were risk factors for developing symptoms of anxiety and depression; 66 to 80 % of the population complied with self-care recommendations. A need for receiving mental health care was identified in our study population. Conclusion: A larger number of individuals with moderate to severe anxiety and depression symptoms were observed than in other pandemics. COVID-19 pandemic psychological effects are considered an emerging public health problem, and implementation of programs for their care is therefore recommended.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Gaceta de M�xicoarrow_drop_down
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    Gaceta de M�xico
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Gaceta de M�xico
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    Europe PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2020
    Data sources: PubMed Central
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Gaceta de M�xicoarrow_drop_down
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      Gaceta de M�xico
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Gaceta de M�xico
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Europe PubMed Central
      Other literature type . 2020
      Data sources: PubMed Central
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  • Authors: Shin Jie Yong; Alice Halim; Michael Halim; Long Chiau Ming; +21 Authors

    Over three years have passed since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and yet the treatment for long-COVID, a post-COVID-19 syndrome, remains long overdue. Currently, there is no standardized treatment available for long-COVID, primarily due to the lack of funding for post-acute infection syndromes (PAIS). Nevertheless, the past few years have seen a renewed interest in long-COVID research, with billions of dollars allocated for this purpose. As a result, multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been funded in the quest to find an effective treatment for long-COVID.This systematic review identified and evaluated the potential of current drug treatments for long-COVID, examining both completed and ongoing RCTs.We identified four completed and 22 ongoing RCTs, investigating 22 unique drugs. However, most drugs were deemed to not have high potential for treating long-COVID, according to three pre-specified domains, a testament to the ordeal of treating long-COVID. Given that long-COVID is highly multifaceted with several proposed subtypes, treatments likely need to be tailored accordingly. Currently, rintatolimod appears to have modest to high potential for treating the myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) subtype, LTY-100 and Treamid for pulmonary fibrosis subtype, and metformin for general long-COVID prevention.

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  • Authors: Alison C. McLeish; Joy L. Hart; Kandi L. Walker;
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  • Authors: Cristian Puerta; Moises Hernandez; Yu Zhang; Mark Onaitis; +2 Authors

    Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to development of autoimmune diseases. We describe a case of a patient with untreated thymoma who developed 2 cross-reactive autoantibodies between thymus and brain: collapsing response mediator protein-5 (CRMP-5) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR), triggered by SARS-CoV-2, inducing encephalitis and coma. Emergency thymectomy reduced anti-CRMP-5 and anti-AMPAR antibodies and restored patient neurologic function within 3 months. Description of Case: A 31-year-old male with a known history of thymoma with myasthenia gravis presented with a 1-day history of memory loss, hallucinations, ataxia, involuntary movements, and tachypnea. Rapid nasal swab COVID-19 test was positive. Over several hours, the patient became unresponsive, requiring urgent intubation for airway protection. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium showed no abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed leukocytosis with lymphocytic predominance. Four days later, CSF and serum were tested for and demonstrated high levels of CRMP-5 and AMPAR antibodies, consistent with autoimmune encephalitis. Complete robotic thymectomy was performed. Pathologic analysis revealed type B2 thymoma with negative resection margins. Three months after surgical intervention, antibody titers normalized, the patient regained consciousness, and had no neurologic deficits. Discussion: Surgical thymectomy effectively treats autoimmune encephalitis in patients with thymoma and positive CRMP-5 and AMPAR antibodies in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This rare condition is typically seen in patients with thymoma or small cell lung cancer who experience acute viral infection. Although autoantibodies to CRMP-5 and AMPAR are known to be induced by viral infection, this is the first time it has been reported for SARS-CoV-2. Timely surgical intervention is necessary to reverse obtundation and acute encephalitis by removing the cross reactive epitopes in the thymus gland. Future studies are needed to explore the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 induced immune dysfunction and autoimmunity involving cross-reactive epitopes in this deadly syndrome.

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    Circulation
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Circulation
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hasan Kaya; Aybeniz Civan Kahve; Yagmur Darben Azarsız; Nagihan Ayaz Naycı; +2 Authors

    Objective The course of bipolar disorder (BD) is sensitive to factors that may disrupt biological and social rhythms. It is important for patients diagnosed with BD to continue their follow-up and treatment during the pandemic due to personal and social effects. This study aimed to evaluate the disease course and treatment compliance of individuals diagnosed with BD during the pandemic. Methods A total of 267 patients with BD were included in the study. The scales were applied by phone calls. A sociodemographic data form was filled out during the phone interviews. Diagnostic criteria for hypomanic, manic, and depressive episodes in DSM-5 were questioned and recorded through the created form. Results During the first of the pandemic, a total of 72 (27.0%) patients had a mood episode, of which 56 (21.0%) were manic/hypomanic episodes and 16 (6.0%) depressive episodes. Also, 54.7% of the patients were able to obtain their medications thanks to the extended medication reports. Being unable to use their medications regularly, having a seasonal pattern of disease, and using an increased number of psychotropics were significant predictors of a new episode. While 74.5% of the patients wanted to talk to their psychiatrists online, only 1.1% could reach the psychiatrist online. Discussion The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly evident in patients with a seasonal pattern. Telepsychiatry practices should be actively included in clinical practice, and government policies developed for treatment compliance seem important.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Gazi Üniversitesi - ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Chronic Illness
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Gazi Üniversitesi - ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Chronic Illness
      Article . 2023
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  • Authors: Piyawan Charoensap-Kelly; Pavica Sheldon; Mary Grace Antony;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wenxiang Xu; Anae Sobhani; Ting Fu; Amir Mahdi Khabooshani; +4 Authors

    Abstract With the spread of the Covid-19 virus, the public transportation industry faced new challenges. This disease may have affected the decision of users in choosing travel modes by diluting the strengths of ridesharing. In this study, our aim was to investigate the opinions of users on the Twitter application pre- and post-pandemic about travel time in ridesharing. For this purpose, we analyzed 63,800 tweets from January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2022, focusing on the countries of the United States and India, taking into account the characteristics of users such as age and gender. The method we used was LDA for topic modelling and BERT for sentiment analysis. Our results show that trip time happening, such as mornings and other times, became more important after COVID-19 and users' concern about waiting time has increased. After the pandemic, men are more worried about the waiting time, while women and younger groups are worried about the time cost. Before the pandemic, older people gave more importance to waiting time, but after the pandemic, they are more concerned about the time cost and the trip time happening. We also found that women and US users were more positive than others about ridesharing trip time in the pre-pandemic era. Our findings showed that two main factors, the pandemic and the country, greatly affect sentiment, and the positive sentiment of the users of both countries increased after the epidemic, which was higher among all groups for the elderly and American users. Our results can be used to analyze the sentiments of ridesharing industry users in order to compete with other public transportation companies by providing better services and designing a standard to improve travel time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://doi.org/10.2...arrow_drop_down
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    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
    Preprint . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
      Preprint . 2023
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cristhian Pérez-Villalobos; Juan Ventura-Ventura; Camila Spormann-Romeri; Ximena Paredes-Villarroel; +10 Authors

    Abstract Background Universities’ training process intensely relies on face-to-face education. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted it and forced them to reinvent their process online. But this crisis seems not to be the last we will face, and we take it as a lesson to prepare for future crises. These critical contexts are especially challenging because they imply changing teaching strategies, and students may not have the technology access or the living conditions to connect as they need. They also lived through a pandemic where the virus and the life changes added stress to their learning process and threatened their well-being. So, this study aims to analyze how well-being variations reported by Health sciences students relate to their learning opportunities, access conditions, and daily activities. Method We surveyed 910 Health sciences students from six different Chilean universities at the end of the first semester of 2020, the first in pandemic conditions. Respondents answered online questionnaires about 1) Remote teaching activities, 2) Learning resources availability, 3) Daily life activities, and 4) Well-being changes. We performed descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling. Results Live videoconference classes were the most frequent teaching activity; only a third of the students had quiet spaces to study online, and most had to housekeep daily. More than two third reported some well-being deterioration. The structural equation model showed a good fit. Conclusion Results show an online learning scenario that tries to emulate traditional learning focusing on expositive strategies. Most students reported that their well-being deteriorated during the semester, but tutorials, workplace availability, and social support were protective factors.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ BMC Medical Educatio...arrow_drop_down
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    BMC Medical Education
    Article . 2023
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    BMC Medical Education
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ BMC Medical Educatio...arrow_drop_down
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      BMC Medical Education
      Article . 2023
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      BMC Medical Education
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Maya Gogtay; Ruchi Kaushik; Nicolina Martinez; Michael Mader; +2 Authors

    e18613 Background: COVID19 results in severe disease and resource utilization, particularly among patients with cancer. Hospitalization rates among COVID19 outpatient US veterans with cancer vary according to race (white vs non-Hispanic black). Less is known about ethnic (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic) disparities in hospitalization rates. We aimed to identify ethnic disparities in all-cause hospitalization rates among COVID19 outpatient US veterans with cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of veterans with cancer and an index diagnosis of COVID19 (ICD10 U07) between 1/1/2020 and 3/31/2022 managed at the South Texas Veterans Health Care System. We included patients for whom ethnicity data (Hispanic or non-Hispanic white) were available. Our primary outcome was all-cause hospitalization rates at 30 days and 60 days following an index diagnosis of COVID19 among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients with cancer. We analyzed continuous variables using unpaired t test and categorical variables using Chi-square analysis for statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results: Of 968 outpatient veterans with a history of cancer and a COVID19 diagnosis between 1/1/2020 and 3/31/2022, 762 met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 300 (39.4%) identified as Hispanic (94% male, p < 0.05) and 462 (60.6%) identified as non-Hispanic white (90% male). At baseline Hispanic patients were younger and were more likely to have underlying comorbidities (T2DM, mild liver disease, AIDS; p < 0.05). Hispanic patients with cancer demonstrated hospitalization rates after the index COVID19 diagnosis comparable to those of non-Hispanic white patients at 30d (34% vs 28.8%) and 60d (35.7% vs 32%). Conclusions: Although Hispanic patients with cancer demonstrated a trend of higher hospitalization rates at 30d and 60d following a COVID19 diagnosis, this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies with a larger sample size and generalizability to assess ethnic disparities in other clinical settings are warranted.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jeremy Dahmen; Arjan Vermeulen; Sophie Payne; Casey Lippmeier;

    The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic had sharply illustrated the limitations of research and development pipelines and scaled manufacturing. Although existing vaccines were created in record time, global deployment remains limited by regional production scales. Similarly, the most effective treatments for infected COVID-19 patients are also constrained by production scales as well as by the cost of production and thus expense per treatment. The need to produce these interventions more cost-effectively, at larger scales, in less time while retaining high quality is paramount. The ConamaxTM platform is based on a Thraustochytrid–an order of microorganisms well established in industry for world-scale production of omega-3 fatty acids by fermentation. Thraustochytrids, and the species Aurantiochytrium acetophilum in particular, possess a number of innate qualities which make it ideal for production of monoclonal antibodies and other biotherapeutic proteins. In this study, the Conamax system was used to produce several targets which may be relevant as interventions in the fight against COVID-19; an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (CR3022), tocilizumab, and the ACE2 receptor. Our system was capable of producing all of these targets and each was assayed in vitro for an activity which confirmed proper structural folding. Purified CR3022 antibody produced from Conamax was capable of reducing the cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2. Conamax-derived tocilizumab was shown to bind to its target IL6R. Both the full-length and soluble versions of ACE2 protein produced in the Conamax platform exhibited ACE2-specific proteolytic activity. These data indicate that the Conamax platform has great potential in the production of therapeutic agents.

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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      PLoS ONE
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Oscar, Galindo-Vázquez; Mónica, Ramírez-Orozco; Rosario, Costas-Muñiz; Luis A, Mendoza-Contreras; +2 Authors

    espanolIntroduccion: La pandemia por COVID-19 puede tener consecuencias psicosociales importantes en la poblacion. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de sintomas de ansiedad, depresion y conductas de autocuidado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en poblacion general. Metodo: Encuesta en linea distribuida durante tres semanas mediante muestreo no probabilistico. Se empleo el Cuestionario sobre la Salud del Paciente PHQ-9, la Escala del Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada GAD-7 y la Escala analoga visual de conductas de autocuidado. Se realizaron analisis descriptivos y de comparacion entre los grupos con ansiedad y depresion. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1508 participantes, 20.8 % presento sintomas de ansiedad grave y 27.5 %, sintomas de depresion grave. Ser mujer, soltero(a) no tener hijos, presentar comorbilidad medica y antecedentes de atencion a la salud mental estuvieron relacionados con la presencia de mayores niveles de sintomas de ansiedad y depresion; 66 a 80 % de la poblacion cumplia con las recomendaciones de autocuidado. Se identifico la necesidad de recibir atencion de salud mental. Conclusion: Se observo mayor numero de individuos con sintomas de ansiedad y depresion moderadas a graves que en otras pandemias. Los efectos psicologicos de la pandemia de COVID-19 se consideran un problema de salud mental publica emergente, por lo que se recomienda la implementacion de programas para su atencion. EnglishIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic can have important psychosocial consequences in the population. Objective: To determine the levels of anxiety, depression and self-care symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. Method: Online survey distributed over three weeks using a non-probability sampling. The PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire, the GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Visual analog scale for self-care behaviors were used. Between-group (anxiety and depression) descriptive and comparison analyses were carried out. Results: Out of 1508 included participants, 20.8% had symptoms of severe anxiety, while 27.5% showed symptoms of severe depression. Being a woman, being single, having no children, having medical comorbidities and a history of mental health care were risk factors for developing symptoms of anxiety and depression; 66 to 80 % of the population complied with self-care recommendations. A need for receiving mental health care was identified in our study population. Conclusion: A larger number of individuals with moderate to severe anxiety and depression symptoms were observed than in other pandemics. COVID-19 pandemic psychological effects are considered an emerging public health problem, and implementation of programs for their care is therefore recommended.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Gaceta de M�xicoarrow_drop_down
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    Gaceta de M�xico
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Gaceta de M�xico
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    Europe PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2020
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      Europe PubMed Central
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  • Authors: Shin Jie Yong; Alice Halim; Michael Halim; Long Chiau Ming; +21 Authors

    Over three years have passed since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and yet the treatment for long-COVID, a post-COVID-19 syndrome, remains long overdue. Currently, there is no standardized treatment available for long-COVID, primarily due to the lack of funding for post-acute infection syndromes (PAIS). Nevertheless, the past few years have seen a renewed interest in long-COVID research, with billions of dollars allocated for this purpose. As a result, multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been funded in the quest to find an effective treatment for long-COVID.This systematic review identified and evaluated the potential of current drug treatments for long-COVID, examining both completed and ongoing RCTs.We identified four completed and 22 ongoing RCTs, investigating 22 unique drugs. However, most drugs were deemed to not have high potential for treating long-COVID, according to three pre-specified domains, a testament to the ordeal of treating long-COVID. Given that long-COVID is highly multifaceted with several proposed subtypes, treatments likely need to be tailored accordingly. Currently, rintatolimod appears to have modest to high potential for treating the myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) subtype, LTY-100 and Treamid for pulmonary fibrosis subtype, and metformin for general long-COVID prevention.

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  • Authors: Alison C. McLeish; Joy L. Hart; Kandi L. Walker;
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  • Authors: Cristian Puerta; Moises Hernandez; Yu Zhang; Mark Onaitis; +2 Authors

    Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to development of autoimmune diseases. We describe a case of a patient with untreated thymoma who developed 2 cross-reactive autoantibodies between thymus and brain: collapsing response mediator protein-5 (CRMP-5) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR), triggered by SARS-CoV-2, inducing encephalitis and coma. Emergency thymectomy reduced anti-CRMP-5 and anti-AMPAR antibodies and restored patient neurologic function within 3 months. Description of Case: A 31-year-old male with a known history of thymoma with myasthenia gravis presented with a 1-day history of memory loss, hallucinations, ataxia, involuntary movements, and tachypnea. Rapid nasal swab COVID-19 test was positive. Over several hours, the patient became unresponsive, requiring urgent intubation for airway protection. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium showed no abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed leukocytosis with lymphocytic predominance. Four days later, CSF and serum were tested for and demonstrated high levels of CRMP-5 and AMPAR antibodies, consistent with autoimmune encephalitis. Complete robotic thymectomy was performed. Pathologic analysis revealed type B2 thymoma with negative resection margins. Three months after surgical intervention, antibody titers normalized, the patient regained consciousness, and had no neurologic deficits. Discussion: Surgical thymectomy effectively treats autoimmune encephalitis in patients with thymoma and positive CRMP-5 and AMPAR antibodies in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This rare condition is typically seen in patients with thymoma or small cell lung cancer who experience acute viral infection. Although autoantibodies to CRMP-5 and AMPAR are known to be induced by viral infection, this is the first time it has been reported for SARS-CoV-2. Timely surgical intervention is necessary to reverse obtundation and acute encephalitis by removing the cross reactive epitopes in the thymus gland. Future studies are needed to explore the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 induced immune dysfunction and autoimmunity involving cross-reactive epitopes in this deadly syndrome.

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    Circulation
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hasan Kaya; Aybeniz Civan Kahve; Yagmur Darben Azarsız; Nagihan Ayaz Naycı; +2 Authors

    Objective The course of bipolar disorder (BD) is sensitive to factors that may disrupt biological and social rhythms. It is important for patients diagnosed with BD to continue their follow-up and treatment during the pandemic due to personal and social effects. This study aimed to evaluate the disease course and treatment compliance of individuals diagnosed with BD during the pandemic. Methods A total of 267 patients with BD were included in the study. The scales were applied by phone calls. A sociodemographic data form was filled out during the phone interviews. Diagnostic criteria for hypomanic, manic, and depressive episodes in DSM-5 were questioned and recorded through the created form. Results During the first of the pandemic, a total of 72 (27.0%) patients had a mood episode, of which 56 (21.0%) were manic/hypomanic episodes and 16 (6.0%) depressive episodes. Also, 54.7% of the patients were able to obtain their medications thanks to the extended medication reports. Being unable to use their medications regularly, having a seasonal pattern of disease, and using an increased number of psychotropics were significant predictors of a new episode. While 74.5% of the patients wanted to talk to their psychiatrists online, only 1.1% could reach the psychiatrist online. Discussion The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly evident in patients with a seasonal pattern. Telepsychiatry practices should be actively included in clinical practice, and government policies developed for treatment compliance seem important.

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    Chronic Illness
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Chronic Illness
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  • Authors: Piyawan Charoensap-Kelly; Pavica Sheldon; Mary Grace Antony;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wenxiang Xu; Anae Sobhani; Ting Fu; Amir Mahdi Khabooshani; +4 Authors

    Abstract With the spread of the Covid-19 virus, the public transportation industry faced new challenges. This disease may have affected the decision of users in choosing travel modes by diluting the strengths of ridesharing. In this study, our aim was to investigate the opinions of users on the Twitter application pre- and post-pandemic about travel time in ridesharing. For this purpose, we analyzed 63,800 tweets from January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2022, focusing on the countries of the United States and India, taking into account the characteristics of users such as age and gender. The method we used was LDA for topic modelling and BERT for sentiment analysis. Our results show that trip time happening, such as mornings and other times, became more important after COVID-19 and users' concern about waiting time has increased. After the pandemic, men are more worried about the waiting time, while women and younger groups are worried about the time cost. Before the pandemic, older people gave more importance to waiting time, but after the pandemic, they are more concerned about the time cost and the trip time happening. We also found that women and US users were more positive than others about ridesharing trip time in the pre-pandemic era. Our findings showed that two main factors, the pandemic and the country, greatly affect sentiment, and the positive sentiment of the users of both countries increased after the epidemic, which was higher among all groups for the elderly and American users. Our results can be used to analyze the sentiments of ridesharing industry users in order to compete with other public transportation companies by providing better services and designing a standard to improve travel time.

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    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
    Preprint . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
      Preprint . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cristhian Pérez-Villalobos; Juan Ventura-Ventura; Camila Spormann-Romeri; Ximena Paredes-Villarroel; +10 Authors

    Abstract Background Universities’ training process intensely relies on face-to-face education. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted it and forced them to reinvent their process online. But this crisis seems not to be the last we will face, and we take it as a lesson to prepare for future crises. These critical contexts are especially challenging because they imply changing teaching strategies, and students may not have the technology access or the living conditions to connect as they need. They also lived through a pandemic where the virus and the life changes added stress to their learning process and threatened their well-being. So, this study aims to analyze how well-being variations reported by Health sciences students relate to their learning opportunities, access conditions, and daily activities. Method We surveyed 910 Health sciences students from six different Chilean universities at the end of the first semester of 2020, the first in pandemic conditions. Respondents answered online questionnaires about 1) Remote teaching activities, 2) Learning resources availability, 3) Daily life activities, and 4) Well-being changes. We performed descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling. Results Live videoconference classes were the most frequent teaching activity; only a third of the students had quiet spaces to study online, and most had to housekeep daily. More than two third reported some well-being deterioration. The structural equation model showed a good fit. Conclusion Results show an online learning scenario that tries to emulate traditional learning focusing on expositive strategies. Most students reported that their well-being deteriorated during the semester, but tutorials, workplace availability, and social support were protective factors.

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    BMC Medical Education
    Article . 2023
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    BMC Medical Education
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      BMC Medical Education
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      BMC Medical Education
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  • Authors: Maya Gogtay; Ruchi Kaushik; Nicolina Martinez; Michael Mader; +2 Authors

    e18613 Background: COVID19 results in severe disease and resource utilization, particularly among patients with cancer. Hospitalization rates among COVID19 outpatient US veterans with cancer vary according to race (white vs non-Hispanic black). Less is known about ethnic (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic) disparities in hospitalization rates. We aimed to identify ethnic disparities in all-cause hospitalization rates among COVID19 outpatient US veterans with cancer. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of veterans with cancer and an index diagnosis of COVID19 (ICD10 U07) between 1/1/2020 and 3/31/2022 managed at the South Texas Veterans Health Care System. We included patients for whom ethnicity data (Hispanic or non-Hispanic white) were available. Our primary outcome was all-cause hospitalization rates at 30 days and 60 days following an index diagnosis of COVID19 among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients with cancer. We analyzed continuous variables using unpaired t test and categorical variables using Chi-square analysis for statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results: Of 968 outpatient veterans with a history of cancer and a COVID19 diagnosis between 1/1/2020 and 3/31/2022, 762 met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 300 (39.4%) identified as Hispanic (94% male, p < 0.05) and 462 (60.6%) identified as non-Hispanic white (90% male). At baseline Hispanic patients were younger and were more likely to have underlying comorbidities (T2DM, mild liver disease, AIDS; p < 0.05). Hispanic patients with cancer demonstrated hospitalization rates after the index COVID19 diagnosis comparable to those of non-Hispanic white patients at 30d (34% vs 28.8%) and 60d (35.7% vs 32%). Conclusions: Although Hispanic patients with cancer demonstrated a trend of higher hospitalization rates at 30d and 60d following a COVID19 diagnosis, this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies with a larger sample size and generalizability to assess ethnic disparities in other clinical settings are warranted.

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    Authors: Jeremy Dahmen; Arjan Vermeulen; Sophie Payne; Casey Lippmeier;

    The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic had sharply illustrated the limitations of research and development pipelines and scaled manufacturing. Although existing vaccines were created in record time, global deployment remains limited by regional production scales. Similarly, the most effective treatments for infected COVID-19 patients are also constrained by production scales as well as by the cost of production and thus expense per treatment. The need to produce these interventions more cost-effectively, at larger scales, in less time while retaining high quality is paramount. The ConamaxTM platform is based on a Thraustochytrid–an order of microorganisms well established in industry for world-scale production of omega-3 fatty acids by fermentation. Thraustochytrids, and the species Aurantiochytrium acetophilum in particular, possess a number of innate qualities which make it ideal for production of monoclonal antibodies and other biotherapeutic proteins. In this study, the Conamax system was used to produce several targets which may be relevant as interventions in the fight against COVID-19; an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (CR3022), tocilizumab, and the ACE2 receptor. Our system was capable of producing all of these targets and each was assayed in vitro for an activity which confirmed proper structural folding. Purified CR3022 antibody produced from Conamax was capable of reducing the cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2. Conamax-derived tocilizumab was shown to bind to its target IL6R. Both the full-length and soluble versions of ACE2 protein produced in the Conamax platform exhibited ACE2-specific proteolytic activity. These data indicate that the Conamax platform has great potential in the production of therapeutic agents.

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