• COVID-19
• 2013-2022close
• NO close
• Scientia, Dipòsit d’Informació Digital del Departament de Salut close

Respiratory infections and tuberculosis Infecciones respiratorias y tuberculosis Infeccions respiratòries i tuberculosi Due to the large number of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many were treated outside the traditional walls of the intensive care unit (ICU), and in many cases, by personnel who were not trained in critical care. The clinical characteristics and the relative impact of caring for severe COVID-19 patients outside the ICU is unknown. This was a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium World Health Organization COVID-19 platform. Severe COVID-19 patients were identified as those admitted to an ICU and/or those treated with one of the following treatments: invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation, high-flow nasal cannula, inotropes or vasopressors. A logistic generalised additive model was used to compare clinical outcomes among patients admitted or not to the ICU. A total of 40 440 patients from 43 countries and six continents were included in this analysis. Severe COVID-19 patients were frequently male (62.9%), older adults (median (interquartile range (IQR), 67 (55–78) years), and with at least one comorbidity (63.2%). The overall median (IQR) length of hospital stay was 10 (5–19) days and was longer in patients admitted to an ICU than in those who were cared for outside the ICU (12 (6–23) days versus 8 (4–15) days, p<0.0001). The 28-day fatality ratio was lower in ICU-admitted patients (30.7% (5797 out of 18 831) versus 39.0% (7532 out of 19 295), p<0.0001). Patients admitted to an ICU had a significantly lower probability of death than those who were not (adjusted OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.65–0.75; p<0.0001). Patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to an ICU had significantly lower 28-day fatality ratio than those cared for outside an ICU. This work was supported by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome (215091/Z/18/Z), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1209135), Canadian Institutes of Health Research Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity OV2170359, grants from Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response Research (Horizon 2020 project 101003589), the European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (965313), The Imperial National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, and The Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; and endorsed by the Irish Critical Care Clinical Trials Group, co-ordinated in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN-2014-12). Data and Material provision was supported by grants from: the NIHR (award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (grant MC_PC_19059), the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) (award 200907), Wellcome Trust (Turtle, Lance-fellowship 205228/Z/16/Z), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award IS-BRC-1215-20013), and NIHR Clinical Research Network providing infrastructure support. This work was by Research Council of Norway grant number 312780, and a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner.

Here, we describe the results of a genome-wide study conducted in 11939 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive cases with an extensive clinical information that were recruited from 34 hospitals across Spain (SCOURGE consortium). In sex-disaggregated genome-wide association studies for COVID-19 hospitalization, genome-wide significance (P= 60 years) among males than among females. Parallel genome-wide screening of inbreeding depression in SCOURGE also showed an effect of homozygosity in COVID-19 hospitalization and severity and this effect was stronger among older males. In summary, new candidate genes for COVID-19 severity and evidence supporting genetic disparities among sexes are provided. Cabildo Insular de Tenerife (Apuestas cientificas del ITER para colaborar en la lucha contra la COVID-19) CGIEU0000219140 Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission COV20_00622 COV20/00792 COV20_00181 COV20_1144 PI20/00876 Fundacion Canaria Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Canarias PIFIISC20/57 Agencia Estatal de Investigacion RTC-2017-6471-1 European Union (ERDF) 'A way of making Europe' Fundacion Amancio Ortega, Banco de Santander Colabora Mujer Association Estrella de Levante S.A. La Caixa Foundation

Acute flaccid myelitis; Enterovirus D68; Surveillance Mielitis flàcida aguda; Enterovirus D68; Vigilància Mielitis flácida aguda; Enterovirus D68; Vigilancia We report a rapid increase in enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections, with 139 cases reported from eight European countries between 31 July and 14 October 2021. This upsurge is in line with the seasonality of EV-D68 and was presumably stimulated by the widespread reopening after COVID-19 lockdown. Most cases were identified in September, but more are to be expected in the coming months. Reinforcement of clinical awareness, diagnostic capacities and surveillance of EV-D68 is urgently needed in Europe.

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Malalties infeccioses; Salut pública Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Enfermedades infecciosas; Salud pública Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Infectious diseases; Public health Introduction Very little is known about possible clinical sequelae that may persist after resolution of acute COVID-19. A recent longitudinal cohort from Italy including 143 patients followed up after hospitalisation with COVID-19 reported that 87% had at least one ongoing symptom at 60-day follow-up. Early indications suggest that patients with COVID-19 may need even more psychological support than typical intensive care unit patients. The assessment of risk factors for longer term consequences requires a longitudinal study linked to data on pre-existing conditions and care received during the acute phase of illness. The primary aim of this study is to characterise physical and psychosocial sequelae in patients post-COVID-19 hospital discharge. Methods and analysis This is an international open-access prospective, observational multisite study. This protocol is linked with the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) and the WHO’s Clinical Characterisation Protocol, which includes patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 during hospitalisation. This protocol will follow-up a subset of patients with confirmed COVID-19 using standardised surveys to measure longer term physical and psychosocial sequelae. The data will be linked with the acute phase data. Statistical analyses will be undertaken to characterise groups most likely to be affected by sequelae of COVID-19. The open-access follow-up survey can be used as a data collection tool by other follow-up studies, to facilitate data harmonisation and to identify subsets of patients for further in-depth follow-up. The outcomes of this study will inform strategies to prevent long-term consequences; inform clinical management, interventional studies, rehabilitation and public health management to reduce overall morbidity; and improve long-term outcomes of COVID-19. Ethics and dissemination The protocol and survey are open access to enable low-resourced sites to join the study to facilitate global standardised, longitudinal data collection. Ethical approval has been given by sites in Colombia, Ghana, Italy, Norway, Russia, the UK and South Africa. New sites are welcome to join this collaborative study at any time. Sites interested in adopting the protocol as it is or in an adapted version are responsible for ensuring that local sponsorship and ethical approvals in place as appropriate. The tools are available on the ISARIC website (www.isaric.org). Protocol registration number osf.io/c5rw3/ Protocol version 3 August 2020 EuroQol ID 37035. This work was supported by the Department for International Development and Wellcome (215091/Z/18/Z) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1209135). CP would like to acknowledge the support of the Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (Grant Reference: C18616/A25153) and The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre Charity. CB acknowledges the support from British Heart Foundation RE/18/6134217. LS would like to acknowledge the support of PREPARE funded by the European Commission’s FP7 Programme grant number 602525.

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Activitats; Contenció; Mesures de seguretat Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Actividades; Contención; Medidas de seguridad Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Activities; Containment; Security measures Cartell adreçat a la ciutadania informant de les mesures de protecció destinades a la contenció de la COVID-19 que seran d'aplicació a partir del 8 de març a Catalunya. Cartel dirigido a la ciudadanía informando de las medidas de protección destinadas a la contención de la Covid-19 que serán de aplicación a partir del 8 de marzo en Catalunya. Poster addressed to the public informing of the protection measures intended for the containment of the COVID-19 that will be applicable from March 8 in Catalonia.

Data suitable for assembling a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanoparticles (NPs) remain relatively scarce. Therefore, there is a trend in extrapolating the results of in vitro and in silico studies to in vivo nanoparticle hazard and risk assessment. To evaluate the reliability of such approach, a pharmacokinetic study was performed using the same polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) in vitro and in vivo. As in vitro models, human cell lines TH1, A549, Hep G2, and 16HBE were employed. The in vivo PEG-AuNP biodistribution was assessed in rats. The internalization and exclusion of PEG-AuNPs in vitro were modeled as first-order rate processes with the partition coefficient describing the equilibrium distribution. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the model to the in vitro data and subsequently used for PBPK simulation in vivo. Notable differences were observed in the internalized amount of Au in individual cell lines compared to the corresponding tissues in vivo, with the highest found for renal TH1 cells and kidneys. The main reason for these discrepancies is the absence of natural barriers in the in vitro conditions. Therefore, caution should be exercised when extrapolating in vitro data to predict the in vivo NP burden and response to exposure. This research was funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 programme (HISENTS, Grant Agreement No. 685817 and VISION, Grant Agreement No. 857381). Financial support from the Structural Funds of EU by implementation of the project “Strategic research in SMART monitoring, treatment, and prevention against coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)”, ITMS 2014+ code NFP313011ASS8 co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.